Karthik 9/11/21

Name Date

Chemical Reactions
Before You Read
Before you read the chapter, respond to these statements.
1. Write an A if you agree with the statement.
2. Write a D if you disagree with the statement.

Before You
Read Chemical Reactions
• There is no gain or loss of matter in a
A
chemical reaction.
D • In synthesis reactions, one element
replaces another in a compound.

A • Energy is required to initiate a chemical

reaction.
D • A catalyst can be used to slow down a
chemical reaction.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Construct the Foldable as directed at the beginning of this chapter.

Science Journal
Describe several cause-and-effect types of events that might happen in your refrigerator.
Decide which events are chemical reactions.

Some cause and effects are:

- Ice freezes (not a chemical change).

- Some food may rot (a chemical change).

- Some drinks may freeze (not a chemical change).

Chemical Reactions 227

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Chemical Reactions
Section 1 Chemical Changes

Predict Review the objectives of Section 1. Predict three topics that

might be discussed.
1. Balanced chemical equations
Moles
2. 3. The conservation of Mass

Review
Vocabulary Define chemical formula. Use your book for help.
A chemical formula is a way of presenting information about the chemical
chemical formula
atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound.

New
Vocabulary Use your book to define the following key terms.
A change in which one or more substances are converted into new substances
chemical reaction

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

The starting substances that react.
reactants

The new substances produced.

products

A way to describe a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and other

chemical equation
symbols.

coefficient Represent the number of units of each substances taking part in a reaction.

balanced chemical A chemical equation with the same number of atoms of each element on
equation
both sides of the arrow.

A counting unit used to represent the number of particles.

mole

molar mass The mass in grams of one mole of a substance.

228 Chemical Reactions

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Section 1 Chemical Changes (continued)

Lavoisier and the Summarize the contributions of Lavoisier by filling out the
Conservation organizer. Include information on his experiments, observations,
of Mass and theories.
I found this information Lavoisier
on page 582 .

Conservation of Father of Naming

Mass: Modern Compounds:
- The mass of a closed Chemistry: - He named the
system of substances will elements that took
- He studied the
remain constant, place in a chemical reaction,
chemical reactions by then named the compound.
regardless of the using -Using the conservation of
processes acting inside the scientific methods, and mass, the equation is balanced
system. Matter can change made the conservation if the products and reactants
form, but cannot be of mass (which was equal.
modern chemistry)! - In other words if the
created or destroyed. compound is named correct,
- Lavoisier made this law - He did the mercury the elements are correct (if the
experiment, and equation is balanced).
after heating solid mercury
devised the - Today, scientists are using
(ll) oxide. Conservation of Mass. “modernised chemistry” to
- His observations were make chemical equations.
that the mercury oxide and - He was the only
its reactants (oxygen and person to do perfect
mercury) had the same experimenting to
mass. devise the
Conservation of Mass.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Identify the reactants and the products in the following chemical

equations.

Chemical Equation Reactants Products

Zn  S → ZnS Zn and S

AgNO3  NaCl → AgCl  NaNO3

C12H22O11 → 12C  11H2O

Fe  CuSO4 → FeSO4  Cu
CaCO3  2HCl → H2O  CO2  CaCl2

Writing Equations Complete the graphic organizer about symbols used in chemical
I found this information equations.
on page 583 . Symbols Used in Chemical Equations

3 conditions that may be

4 states of matter required for a reaction to occur
(s),(l),(g),(aq) heat light elec.

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Name Karthik Date 9/11/21

Section 1 Chemical Changes (continued)

Writing Equations Complete the following chemical formula and its translation.
I found this information
Magnesium plus oxygen
on page 584 .
2Mg  → 2MgO  light produces
O magnesium oxide
and light .

Coefficients Analyze the role of coefficients in writing chemical equations.

I found this information The role of coefficients in writing chemical equations are to balance the
on page 584 .
chemical equation.

Evaluate the student responses. The science teacher gave students

the following equation to balance, and three students made
responses as shown in the chart. State who is correct and give an
explanation of what the meaning of the two wrong responses
would be and why those solutions do not work.
Mg(s)  O2(g) → MgO(s)

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Student Student’s Evaluation: Are they right or
Name Answer wrong? What does the student’s
answer mean?
Melinda is right. The equation now states that 2
Melinda Put a 2 in front magnesium atoms plus 2 oxygen atoms will
of the Mg. equal to 2 magnesium oxides

Barni Put a 2 in front Barni is also right. The equation now also states that 2
magnesium atoms plus 2 oxygen atoms will equal to 2
of the MgO. magnesium oxides.

Ali is wrong. If he placed 0.5 in front of the O2, the

Ali Put a 0.5 in equation will state that 1 magnesium atom plus 0.5
front of the O2. oxygen atoms will equal to 1 magnesium oxide.

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Section 1 Chemical Changes (continued)

Balancing Summarize information about balancing equations by completing

Equations the prompts.
I found this information an equation with the same number
Balancing an equation means
on page 585 . of atoms of each element on both sides of the arrow.
.

Coefficients are the numbers that show the units of each substance
taking place in a reaction. .
a certain number of atoms
Subscripts are numbers that show there is
that are present in the entire chemical equation. .

Identify each number 3 below as a coefficient (C) or a subscript (S).

2 FeSO3 Subscript 6 AlH3 Subscript

3 HCl Coefficient 4 Al2O3 Subscript

3 Na Subscript 3 H2 Coefficient

Complete The number of atoms for each element on the left side of
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

the equation has been filled in for you. Complete the right side of
the equation.
Atoms BaCl2  H2SO4 → BaSO4  HCl
Ba 1 1
Cl 2
H 2
S 1
O 4

I found this information Evaluate whether the equation above is balanced. Give the total
on page 586 . number of atoms on the left side and the total number on the right side.
It is not balanced. Barium, Sulphur and Oxygen substances have the
same amount of atoms, while the Hydrogen and Chlorine Molecules has
different amounts of atoms.

Identify the coefficient for HCl that would balance the equation in
the table above.
The coefficient is 2.

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9/11/21
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Section 1 Chemical Changes (continued)

Balancing Sequence and describe 4 steps involved in balancing a chemical

Equations equation. In the right column, write an example for each step.
I found this information
on page 587 . 1. List the knowns.

2. Set up the problem

3. Solve the Problem

4. Check the Answer

Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

I found this information Identify coefficients that balance each equation.
587
on page .
1. P(s)  O2(g) → P4O10(s)
2. KClO3(s) → KCl(s)  O2(g)
3. H2O(l) → H2(s)  O2(g)
4. CH4(s)  O2(g) → CO2(g)  H2O(g)
5. Al2O3(s) → Al(s)  O2(g)
6. MgSO4(aq)  KCl(aq) → MgCl2(s)  K2SO4(aq)

CONNECT IT Compare chemical equations and mathematical equations.

Some similarities between chemical equations and mathematical equations are the coefficients (2x and

2H), and the parenthesis. Some differences between chemical equations and mathematical equations are

the equal sign (= and the arrow), and the numbers/elements.

232 Chemical Reactions