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HYPERTENSION

Presented By Mehak, Sarvani, Supriya, Samarpal


CONTENT
Chronic Illness
What is Hypertension?
Questions Asked
Response Findings
Research Results
Conclusion
References
CHRONIC ILLNESS
Chronic illnesses are long-lasting health conditions that
require ongoing medical care and can significantly
impact daily life. Unlike acute illnesses, they persist over
time and often necessitate lifestyle changes, medications,
and regular check-ups. These conditions can affect
physical, emotional, and social well-being, leading to
limitations in daily activities.
WHAT IS HYPERTENSION?
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a
condition in which the force of the blood against the artery
walls is too high. It is typically defined as having a blood
pressure reading of 130/80 mm Hg or higher. Hypertension
can lead to serious health problems, including heart disease,
stroke, kidney disease, and other complications. It often has
no symptoms, which is why it's sometimes called the "silent
killer." Regular monitoring and management through lifestyle
changes and medication are important to control blood
pressure levels.
QUESTIONS ASKED
What is your name?
What is your age?
Biological Gender?

1.When were you first diagnosed with hypertension?


2.Do you have any family history of hypertension or cardiovascular diseases?
3.Have you experienced any symptoms related to high blood pressure, such as
headaches, dizziness, or shortness of breath?
4.How often do you monitor your blood pressure, and what have your readings
typically been?
Lifestyle
1. Can you describe your typical diet? Do you follow any specific dietary
recommendations, such as the DASH diet?
2.How often do you engage in physical activity, and what types of exercise do you
prefer?
3.Do you use tobacco or consume alcohol? If so, how frequently?

Environment
1.Where do you live ?do you live in industrial area or green area?
2.Are there any environmental stressors in your area, such as noise pollution, traffic, or
lack of green spaces?
3.where do you work ? Can you describe your work environment? Do you experience
high levels of stress or long hours?
RESPONSE FINDINDS
As per the responses recieved Gender Differences in
Hypertension:

- Hypertension is a common condition affecting both


men and women.
- Gender differences exist in the prevalence, treatment,
and outcomes of hypertension.

Prevalence:
- Men are more likely to develop hypertension earlier in
life compared to women.
- After menopause, women's risk of hypertension
increases significantly, potentially surpassing that of
men.
Genetic Factors for Hypertension:

- Family History:
- Higher risk with family history of hypertension.

- Gene Variants:
- Variants in blood pressure regulation genes .

- Genetic-Environmental Interaction:
- Genes and lifestyle factors together influence hypertension.

- Epigenetic Factors:
- Changes in gene expression due to DNA methylation or histone
modification.

•Lifestyle Impact:
- Factors like diet, physical activity, stress, and lifestyle choices
interact with genetic predispositions.
RESEARCH RESULTS
The study found that young men are more likely to
develop high blood pressure than young women. This
trend starts earlier than previously believed. Additionally,
both young men and women have low awareness of high
blood pressure, but young women are even less informed.
Essential hypertension is a complex health condition
influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental
factors. It is a significant contributor to heart disease,
stroke, and other cardiovascular issues. While research has
shown that genetics play a role, the exact genes involved
remain elusive. Moreover, the impact of environmental
factors on gene expression, known as epigenetics, is
becoming increasingly recognized. The development of
hypertension might be linked to disruptions in the body's
intricate blood pressure regulation system.
The study revealed distinct gender
differences in hypertension rates among
Indians. While younger Indian men are
more likely to develop hypertension, the
trend reverses after age 50, with women
exhibiting higher rates. Although body
mass index (BMI) plays a role, it does
not fully account for these gender
disparities. These findings underscore
the need for tailored hypertension
prevention and treatment strategies
based on both age and gender.
CONCLUSION
Gender Differences in Hypertension:
- Research findings confirm significant gender differences in
hypertension prevalence, treatment, and outcomes.
- Age- and gender-specific prevention and treatment strategies are
necessary.
- Genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors contribute to
hypertension, requiring a comprehensive approach.
- Acknowledging and addressing gender differences can improve
outcomes and reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
- Healthcare providers should consider gender-specific factors when
managing hypertension.
REFERENCES
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4896734/
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Josef-
Zicha/publication/51441900_The_Interaction_of_Genetic_and_Environment
al_Factors_in_the_Etiology_of_Hypertension/links/5b460690aca272dc38608
41f/The-Interaction-of-Genetic-and-Environmental-Factors-in-the-Etiology-
of-Hypertension.pdf
Mayo Clinic. (2022). High blood pressure in women: Know your risk.
https://www.healthline.com/health/high-blood-pressure-hypertension
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/362604802_Gender_difference_in_p
revalence_of_hypertension_among_Indians_across_various_age-
groups_a_report_from_multiple_nationally_representative_samples
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension
https://www.ahajournals.org/journal/hyp
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41371-022-00789-4
Thank You

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