Show command

Router # show running-config (to show running configuration file)

Router # show startup-config (to show startup configuration file [NVRAM])
Router # show flash (to show the content of the flash memory)
Router # show history (to show the last 10 commands wrote on the router)
Router # show version
show version
- To display the version of the IOS.
- To display the name of IOS file name Ex :( System image file is "flash:c2600-bin-mz.122-13.T1.bin")
- Tell us about the router (How many serial, Ethernet, RAM, Flash, NVRAM, ……..)
- Show configuration register (OX 2102) [default case]
(OX 2142) [By pass the contents of NVRAM]
Password‫وهذا يستخدم في كسر ال‬,‫ ويرجعه إلى حالته اﻷولية‬router‫ده يلغي كل التعديﻼت على ال‬
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Setting IP on specific interface
Router (config) # interface (fastethernet 0/0)or(serial 0/0)
Router (config-if) # IP address …………IP Subnet mask
…………………
Router (config-if) # no shutdown.
Router (config-if) # no IP address. (To cancel the IP)
Router (config-if) # clock rate 64000 ( to configure the clock rate on the DCE )
Router # show controller S 0 (to know if it’s DTE or DCE )
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Setting Password
1) Set password to privilege mode.
Router (config) # enable password <password>
Router (config) # enable secret <password>
To make the password encrypted.
Override the password command.
2) Set a password to Line.
2-1)consol port.
Router (config) # line con 0
Router (config – line) # password <password>
Router (config – line) # login (to active the command)
2-2)telneting of the router.
Router (config) # line vty 0 4
Router (config – line) # password <password>
Router (config – line) # login (to active the command)
2-3)auxiliary port.
Router (config) # line aux. 0
Router(config-line) # password <password>
Router(config-line) # login (to active the command)
Router(config)# service password-encryption.(To encrypt the password of consol,aux.and vty,..)
Router # Copy Running-configuration startup-configuration (to save from RAM to NVRAM)
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 Routing
Router # show IP route ( to show the routing table )
Router # show IP protocols ( to show protocols )
1) Static routing Protocol:
1.1) Direct connected (automatic without configuration)
1.2) Manual routing (manually configuration)
1.2.1) Normal routing:
Router(config)#ip route Dest. Network add. Subnet mask [next-hop-IP | outgoing interface]
☺Router(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.4.1 or serial0/0
1.2.2) Default routing:
Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 [next-hop-IP | outgoing interface]
☺Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.4.1 or serial0/0
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2)Dynamic routing Protocol:
2-1)Distance Vector ) RIP
R1 (config) # router RIP
R1 (config-router) # network Direct connected network address
☺R1 (config) # router RIP
☺R1 (config-router) # network 192.168.10.0
☺R1 (config-router) # network 192.168.11.0
Router(config- router) # version 2 [to use (RIP)v2 in this condition we can write the sub netting]
Router # debug IP RIP ( to show what happens ).
Router # terminal monitor ( to show what happens on the telnet ).
Router # U all ( to stop the debugging ).
Router # debug IP EIGRP transactions (this command if we are on consol port for
monitoring)
Router # terminal monitor (this command plus the later command write if we are on telnet)

2-2)Link state routing protocol:-

2-2-1)OSPF (Open shortest path first)
R1 ( config )#Router OSPF (Press ID : Local significant ( 1 : 65535 ))
R1 (config–router)#network network IP Wild card mask(inverted of subnet mask) Area AreaID
☺Router ( config ) # Router OSPF 5
☺Router ( config – router ) # network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 Area 0
☺Router ( config – router ) # network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 Area 0
Router (config) # interface fastEthernet 0/0
Router (config-if) # IP OSPF priority 0 : 255( to change the priority ).
Router#show ip route ospf [Displays all OSPF routes learned by the router]
Router#show ip ospf interface [Displays the OSPF router ID, area ID and display state DR or BDR)]
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Router# show ip ospf [Displays the OSPF router ID, timers, and statistics]
Router#show ip ospf neighbor [detail] [Displays information about the OSPF neighbors, including
Designated Router (DR) and Backup Designated Router (BDR) information on broadcast networks]

2-3)Advanced Distance Vector

2-3-1) EIGRP (Enhanced Interior gateway routing protocol)
Router (config) # router EIGRP (As number 1 to 65535 )
Router ( config-router ) # network Direct connected network IP
☺ R1 (config) # router EGRP 50
☺ R1 (config-router) # network 192.168.10.0
☺R1 (config-router) # network 192.168.11.0
Router # show IP eigrp neighbors ( to display neighbors )
Router # show IP eigrp topology ( to display S & FS of topology table )
Router ( config-router ) # no auto-summary ( to make it classless )
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Access Control List (ACL)
Router # show IP interface ( to display the placement and direction of Access list )
Router # show IP Access list ( to show statement of Access-list ).
[host = 0.0.0.0] & [ANY = 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255]
[ 0's : Exact match ] [1's : don't care]
1) Numbered ALC:
1-1) Standard numbered ACL :
For creation
Router ( config ) # Access-list { 1 : 99 } { permit / deny } Src. IP Wild card mask
For applay
Router (config) # interface serial 0
Router (config-if) # IP access-group { 1 : 99 } {in / out } .
☺Router (config)#Access-list 5 permit 192.168.33.1 0.0.0.0
☺Router (config) # interface serial 0
☺Router (config-if) # IP access-group 5 in

1-2) Extended numbered ACL :

For creation TCP UDP IP
Router(config)#Access-list { 100 : 199 } {permit/deny} TCP/IP
…………..protocol ……..
Src IP Src…………...
wild card mask

….…
Dest IP ………….……
dest wild card mask [operator+ src protocol information ] eq = equal
Lt = less than
For applay gt = greater than
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 Router (config) # interface serial 0
Router (config-if) # IP access-group { 1 : 99 } {in / out } .
☺Router(config)#Access-list 165 deny TCP host 192.168.5.1 host 192.168.1.1 eq 23
Router(config)#Access-list 165 permit IP any any [any any = 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255]
☺Router (config) # interface FastEthernet 0/0
☺Router (config-if) # IP access-group 165 in
2) Named ACL:
Router(config)# IP Access-list { standard / extended } ACL name
2-1)standard:
For creation
Router(config-std-nacl)# { permit / deny} src IP Wild card mask
S
For applay
Router (config) # interface serial 0
Router (config-if) # IP access-group { ACL name} {in / out } .
☺Router(config)# IP Access-list standard Bassem
☺Router(config-std-nacl)# permit TCP host 192.168.1.0
☺Router(config-std-nacl)# permit IP any
☺Router(config) # interface Serial 0/0
☺Router (config-if) # IP access-group Bassem out
2-2)extended:
For creation rc IP
Router(config-ext-nacl)# { permit / deny} TCP / IP protocol Src IP Src wild card mask
Dest IP Dest wild card mask [operator+Dest protocol information]

eq = equal
Lt = less than
gt = greater than
For applay
Router (config) # interface serial 0
Router (config-if) # IP access-group { ACL name} {in / out } .
☺Router(config)# IP Access-list extended Bassem
Telnet or
☺Router(config-ext-nacl)# deny TCP 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 host 192.168.13.1 eq 23
☺Router(config-ext-nacl)# permit IP any any
☺Router(config) # interface Fastethernet 0/0
☺Router (config-if) # IP access-group Bassem in

To Software Recovery
1) Backup Software
Router # Copy flash TFTP [To Backup IOS]
Router # Copy startup-configuration TFTP [To Backup configuration]
2) Restore Software
Router # Copy TFTP startup-configuration [To Upgrade]
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 Router # Copy TFTP flash
Romman > TFTP dnld [to get IOS from TFTP server ,To recover IOS]
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Other
(*): help features for IOS.
(?): help for all commands available of this mode.
Command? : Text help describing all the 1st parameter obtains of the command.
Router # show users number
Router (config) #clear line ……….. (After sh Users to know the number front of IP of the PC)
Router (config) # line con 0
Router (config-line) # logging synchronous (to write the command in one line after ctrl+z)
☺Router (config) # banner motd *…………..* message (to make message of the day)
A message-of-the-day (MOTD) banner can be displayed on all connected terminals.
Router # show IP int br ( to display the status of the interfaces ).
Up arrow ( ): recall the previous command = (ctrl + p).
Right arrow ( ): move the cursor forward in the current display command without deleting = (ctrl + F).
Left arrow ( ): move the cursor back in the current display command without deleting = (ctrl + b).
(Ctrl +a): to stop in the beginning of the line.
Router (config) # no IP domain-look up (to stop the domain search )
How do you assign Logical interface for specific interface
 Router (config) # interface loopback 0
 Router (config-if) # IP address IP Subnet mask

Switching
Switch # show MAC-address-table ( to display the MAC address table )
STP
Switch # show spanning-tree (to display root ID & bridge ID and status of ports RP, DP)

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VLAN
Switch # show VLAN brief ( to display VLANs )
A) On switch:
1)To Add VLANs in VLAN Database Mode
Switch#vlan database
Switch(vlan)#vlan 3 name Vlan3
1')To Delete VLANs in VLAN Database Mode
Switch#vlan database
Switch(vlan)#no vlan 3
1)To modify VLANs in Global Mode
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)#vlan 3
Switch(config-vlan)#name Vlan3
1')To Delete VLANs in Global Mode
Switch#configure terminal
Switch(config)#no vlan 3
2)To assigning the Ports type in VLAN
Switch (config) # interface fastethernet 0/1
Switch (config-if) # switchport mode (access or trunk) ( to make access or trunk port )
Switch (config-if) # switchport (access or trunk) vlan 3
3)To make the trunking
Switch (config-if)# switchport encapsulation (ISL or dot1Q)
4)To configure VTP
Switch#show VTP status (to show status of VTP server /client /transparent)
name
Switch (config) # VTP domain ………………… ( to change the name of the domain )
server / client / transparent
Switch (config) # VTP mode …………..……………… ( state a mode )
*To put IP for VLAN
Switch (config) # interfacc VLAN 1
IP Subnet mask
Switch (config-if) # IP address …………… …………………
Switch (config-if) no shutdown
*To can telnet on switch remotely
IP of the interface which is connected to
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Switch(config)#IP default-gateway …………………………………….. (to set default gateway to switch)

Note :- you need a router to connect different VLANs.

B) On router :
Router (config)# interface fastethernet 0/0
Router (config-if) # no IP address
Router (config-if) # no shutdown
Router (config) # int fa 0.1
VLAN number
Router (config-subif) # encapsulation (ISL or dot1Q) …………………….
IP Subnet mask
Router (config-subif) # IP address ………. ……………………
I put IP address to the sub interface in the network of the VLAN network which connects to it.

WAN
NAT
Router # show IP NAT translations ( to display who uses the NAT )

Inside Outside
(1) (2)

(1) Router (config-if ) # IP NAT inside (2) Router (config-if ) # IP NAT outside
1- Static :
Router (config) # IP NAT inside source static Local(privet) IP
….…………… Global(real) IP
……………..
2- Dynamic :
Name of pool Start IP ………
End IP netmask …………….
Subnet mask
Router (config) # IP NAT pool …………… ………
0 : 99 permit …………
Router (config) # Access-list ……… Src. Wild card mask
Src. IP [ ………………….]
0 : 99 Name
Router (config) # IP NAT inside source list ……. Pool ………………
3- PAT :
Name of pool Start IP ………
End IP netmask …………….
Subnet mask
Router (config) # IP NAT pool …………… ………
0 : 99 permit …………
Router (config) # Access-list ……… Src. Wild card mask
Src. IP [ ………………….]

Name
Router (config) # IP NAT inside source list ……. Pool ……………… Overload

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