Sc

KEY STAGE

Science test

Paper 2
Please read this page, but do not open the booklet until your teacher tells you to start. Write your name and the name of your school in the spaces below.

57 2004

TIER

First name Last name School

Remember

The test is 1 hour long. You will need: pen, pencil, rubber, ruler, protractor and calculator. The test starts with easier questions. Try to answer all of the questions. The number of marks available for each question is given below the mark boxes in the margin. You should not write in this margin. Do not use any rough paper. Check your work carefully. Ask your teacher if you are not sure what to do.

For markers use only

Total marks Borderline check

QCA/04/1211

1.

(a)

A teacher shines a laser beam onto a classroom window. It reflects off the window and onto a screen.

screen

window

laser beam
1a 1 mark

1a 1 mark

On the diagram above, continue the laser beam to show its path as it reflects off the window and onto the screen. Use a ruler. Add arrows to show the direction of the laser beam.

(b)

(i) When a pupil plays her flute in the classroom the window vibrates. Give the reason for this.

1bi 1 mark

(ii) When the window vibrates, what happens to the laser beam that is reflected off the window?

1bii 1 mark

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

(c)

The teacher places a microphone near the pupil as she plays her flute. The diagram below shows the pattern on an oscilloscope screen.

The pupil then plays her flute at a higher pitch and more quietly. Which diagram below shows the pattern that would be seen on the oscilloscope? Tick the correct box.

D
1 mark

1c

maximum 5 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 3 5

2.

(a)

Debbie put a paper cup into a glass beaker. She glued a magnet in the bottom of the paper cup. She glued another magnet in the bottom of the beaker as shown in diagram A. The magnets repelled.

paper cup N magnet S

S magnet N diagram A

glass beaker

not to scale

What two forces act on the paper cup and its contents to keep it in this position?
2a

1.
1 mark 2a

2.
1 mark

(b)

Debbie put 5 g of aluminium rivets into the paper cup. It moved down a little as shown in diagram B.

N aluminium rivets S

S N diagram B
not to scale

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

Debbie plotted a graph to show how the mass of aluminium rivets affected the distance the cup moved down.

6 5 4 distance paper cup moved 3 down (mm) 2 1 0 0 10 20 30 40 mass (g) 50 60

(i) Use the graph to find the mass that made the cup move down 4 mm.
2bi

g (ii) Why did the graph stay flat with masses greater than 40 g?

1 mark

2bii 1 mark

(c)

Debbie removed the 5 g of aluminium rivets and put 5 g of iron nails into the cup.

N S S N diagram C The paper cup moved down more with 5 g of iron nails than with 5 g of aluminium rivets as shown in diagram C. Give the reason for this.
not to scale

iron nails

2c 1 mark

maximum 5 marks
KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 5

Total

3.

Some pupils predicted that water will evaporate faster if the surrounding air temperature is higher. To investigate their prediction they placed some water in containers in two different rooms. (a) Give two factors they should keep the same to make their investigation fair. 1.

3a 1 mark 3a

2.
1 mark

(b)

They recorded the mass of the water and the container in room 1 and room 2 every day for 5 days. The table below shows their results.

time (days) 0 1 2 3 4 5

mass of water and container (g) room 1 100 92 80 72 60 46 room 2 100 85 72 54 45 30

The data shown in their table is not sufficient to test their prediction. Explain why.

3b 1 mark

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

They plotted their data for room 2 and attempted to draw a line of best fit.

100 90 mass of water and container (g) 80 70 60 50 40 30 0 1 2 3 4 5 time (days) 6 7

(c)

Describe the mistake they made in drawing the line of best fit.

3c 1 mark

(d)

Using the data in the table plot the points for room 1.
1 mark

3d

(e)

Draw a line of best fit of the points you have drawn.

3e

(f)

In which room did the water evaporate more quickly? Tick one box. room 1 Use their data to explain your answer. room 2

3f 1 mark

maximum 7 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 7 7

4ai 1 mark

4aii 1 mark

4bi 1 mark

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

4.

Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. (a) Winston used universal indicator solution to find the pH of some hydrochloric acid. (i) Suggest the colour of the mixture of universal indicator solution and the hydrochloric acid.
1 mark 4bii

(ii) Suggest the pH of the hydrochloric acid.

(b)

Indigestion can be caused when too much hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach. Magnesium carbonate can be used to treat indigestion. Winston crushed some indigestion tablets containing magnesium carbonate. He added them to hydrochloric acid in a test-tube. The mixture fizzed.
4c 1 mark 4c 1 mark

hydrochloric acid

crushed indigestion tablet

4d

The word equation for the reaction is shown below. magnesium + hydrochloric magnesium + carbon + water carbonate acid chloride dioxide (i) Use the word equation to explain why the mixture fizzed when the reaction took place.

maximum 7 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 9 7

(ii) Winston continued to add crushed tablets to the acid until the mixture stopped fizzing. Why did the fizzing stop?

(c)

When magnesium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid, magnesium chloride is formed. Which two words describe magnesium chloride? Tick the two correct boxes.

5ai 1 mark

a compound

a mixture

an element
5aii 1 mark

a salt

a metal

a solvent

(d)

It is important that the hydrochloric acid in the stomach is not completely neutralised by indigestion tablets. Why is hydrochloric acid needed in the stomach?

5b 1 mark

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

10

5.

(a)

The animals drawn below all have backbones.

amphibian

bird

mammal

fish
not to scale

(i) What word describes animals with a backbone?

(ii) There are five groups of animals with a backbone. Only four groups are shown above. Give the name of the missing group.
1 mark

5c

(b)

The drawing below shows the human backbone. It is made up of a number of small bones.

Why is it an advantage that the backbone is made of a number of small bones rather than one long bone?
5d 1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 11 5

(c)

The drawing below shows two small bones from the backbone.

small bone cartilage small bone

Between the small bones there is a material called cartilage. Cartilage is softer than bone. Give one advantage of having a softer material between the bones.

(d)

The diagram below shows the bones and two muscles of an arm.

shoulder blade

biceps triceps

The biceps and triceps are muscles which raise and lower the forearm. What happens to the biceps and triceps to raise the forearm? the biceps the triceps

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

12

6a 1 mark

6b 1 mark 6b 1 mark

BLANK PAGE

6ci 1 mark

6cii 1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 13 5

6.

In January 2002, thousands of pupils recorded the numbers of different birds seen in their gardens in one hour. They sent their results to the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds who have kept data for many years. (a) Why are the results from this survey more reliable than one persons observation?

(b)

Pupils observed birds in their gardens for one hour during the last week in January. Give two factors which are being controlled in this survey. 1. 2.

(c)

Jacks grandad says:

Jack says:

Jack thinks that the results collected in 2002 cannot test his grandads idea that sparrows are less common than they used to be. (i) What additional survey data would Jack need to test his grandads idea?

(ii) What pattern in the survey results would give Jack the evidence that his grandad was correct?

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

14

7.

The diagrams below show six cells.

7aii 1 mark

B A
7aiii 1 mark

7bi 1 mark

D C
1 mark 7bii

7biii 1 mark

E F
7c 1 mark

maximum 7 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 15 7

(a)

(i) Give the letters of the two plant cells in the diagrams opposite. and (ii) Which one of these plant cells contains chloroplasts? Give the letter.

(iii) Give the function of chloroplasts.

(b)

(i) Give the letter of the ciliated cell.

(ii) In which part of the body are ciliated cells found?

(iii) What is the function of ciliated cells in this part of the body?

(c)

Give the letter of the cell which transfers genetic information from father to offspring.

8a 1 mark

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

16

8.

Until 1781 scientists thought there were only six planets in the solar system. Then a scientist called Herschel looked through a very large telescope that could turn to follow objects in space. He watched a bright object in the night sky for a few months and made drawings of what he saw. He concluded it was a planet.

8b 1 mark

8c 1 mark

8d 1 mark

(a)

What method did Herschel use to discover the new planet? Tick the correct box. He carried out practical tests in the laboratory. He observed the environment. He asked scientists opinions. He gathered data from books.

maximum 4 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 17 4

BLANK PAGE

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

18

9.

(a)

Megan was doing time-trials on her bike around a 400 metre horizontal track. (i) She took 32 seconds to travel 400 m. What was her average speed? Give the unit.

9ai 1 mark

(ii) Compare the forward force on the bike with the backward force on the bike when Megan was travelling at a constant speed.

9aii 1 mark

(b)

Megan then crouched down over the handlebars to make herself more streamlined, as shown below. She continued to pedal with the same force as before.

Compare the forward and backward forces on Megan and her bike now.

9b 1 mark

Explain your answer.

9b 1 mark

maximum 4 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 19 4

10.

The drawing below shows a solar panel fixed to the roof of a house in Britain.

solar panel

(a)

Daniel measured the energy output from this solar panel during one day in June. The graph below shows his results.

1.2 1.0 0.8 energy output 0.6 (kJ/s) 0.4 0.2 0 2am 4am 6am 8am 10am noon 2pm 4pm 6pm 8pm 10pm 12pm time of day

(i) Why does the energy output from the solar panel vary during the day?

10ai 1 mark

(ii) Daniel used the solar panel to run a motor. The motor needs 0.7 kJ/s to run at full speed. Use the graph to find how long Daniels motor would run at full speed.
10aii 1 mark

hours
KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 20

(b)

Daniel measured the energy output from a different solar panel. This type of solar panel turns so that it always faces the Sun.

The graph below shows the energy output for this panel during one day in mid-summer.

1.2 1.0 0.8 energy output 0.6 (kJ/s) 0.4 0.2 0 2am 4am 6am 8am 10am noon 2pm 4pm 6pm 8pm 10pm 12pm
10bi

time of day
1 mark

(i) On the graph above draw another curve to show how the energy output for this solar panel might vary on a day in mid-winter.
1 mark

10bi

(ii) Between 7am and 7pm the solar panel turns through an angle of 180. Calculate the angle the solar panel turns through each hour.

10bii

degrees

1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 21 5

11.

A pupil used a sensor to record the change in pH of 10 cm3 of an acid solution when an alkali solution was added a little at a time. The concentrations of the alkali and acid solutions were fixed.

His results are shown in the table below.

volume of alkali added (cm3) 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

pH of resulting mixture 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 7.0 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.0 9.0

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

22

(a)

Use his results to draw a graph on the grid below. Label the axes. Plot the points. Draw a smooth curve.
1 mark

11a

11a 1 mark

11a 1 mark

11a 1 mark

(b)

Look at the graph. What would be the likely pH of the solution if the pupil added a further 2 cm3 of alkali solution?
11b 1 mark

maximum 5 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 23 5

12.

The diagram shows an exhibit at a science museum. It has six blocks of metal connected to a voltmeter. (a) On the lines on the diagram, write the chemical symbols for magnesium and copper.

1.0

2.0

0 3.

volts

magnesium

tin Sn

copper

12a 1 mark

zinc Zn
12a

aluminium Al

nickel Ni

1 mark

(b)

When visitors place their hands on two blocks of metal at the same time, there is a reading on the voltmeter. Some examples are shown in the table.

hands placed on magnesium + tin magnesium + copper magnesium + zinc magnesium + aluminium magnesium + nickel

reading on voltmeter (volts) 2.1 2.5 1.5 0.6 2.0

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

24

The reading on the voltmeter depends on the reactivity of the two metals touched. The bigger the difference in reactivity, the higher the reading on the voltmeter. (i) Magnesium is the most reactive of these metals. Which metal is the least reactive?
12bi 1 mark

(ii) If two blocks of magnesium are used in the experiment, instead of two different metals, what would the voltmeter read?
12bii

volts
1 mark

Explain your answer.

12bii 1 mark

(iii) Look at the voltmeter readings in the table, opposite. On which two metals, other than magnesium, would a person put their hands to give the lowest reading on the voltmeter?
12biii

and
1 mark

maximum 6 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 25 6

13.

The drawings show Sofia taking part in four different sports.

bowling

football

running

tennis

The table below shows the average energy needed for each sport for one hour. average energy need for one hour (kJ) 1030 1760 2260 3700

sport bowling tennis football running (a)

(i) Sofia plays football for two hours each week. She also goes bowling for two hours each week. Explain why Sofia uses up her food reserves more quickly when playing football than when bowling.

13ai 1 mark

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

26

(ii) Athletes should not drink alcohol before taking part in sport. Give two effects of alcohol which would affect an athletes performance. 1.
13aii 1 mark

2.
13aii 1 mark

(b)

Some athletes take glucose tablets before a 100 metre race. They can also obtain glucose from starch in their diet. A starch molecule is made up of many glucose molecules joined together as shown below.

part of a molecule of starch

molecules of glucose

An athlete can obtain energy more quickly by eating glucose rather than starch. Explain why.

13b 1 mark

maximum 4 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 27 4

14.

Almost 200 years ago, an important investigation into plant growth was carried out. George Sinclair, the Duke of Bedfords head gardener, planted seeds in 242 plots of land, each four feet square. Charles Darwin concluded from this investigation:

If a plot of ground is sown with one species of grass and a similar plot is sown with several different species of grass, the second plot will produce a greater number of plants and a greater mass of plant material.
(a) Give one feature of the plots that was controlled in Sinclairs investigation.

14a 1 mark

(b)

Why did Sinclair use many plots rather than just two?

14b 1 mark

(c)

What two factors are named in Darwins conclusion as the measurable outcomes in the investigation? (These are the dependent variables.) 1.

14c

2.
1 mark

(d)
14d 1 mark

Which one factor was changed in Sinclairs investigation? (This is called the independent variable.)

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

28

(e)

The soil in each plot was tested. Suggest one reason why these soil tests were helpful to the interpretation of the results of the investigation.

14e 1 mark

(f)

Give one reason why several different species of grass in a plot produced a greater mass of plant material than a single species in a plot.

14f 1 mark

maximum 6 marks
Total KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2 29 6

END OF TEST

KS3/04/Sc/Tier 57/P2

30

 Qualifications and Curriculum Authority 2004 QCA, Key Stage 3 Team, 83 Piccadilly, London W1J 8QA

259585