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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF MISSISSIPPI JACKSON DIVISION

DR. ORLY TAITZ, ESQ., BRIAN FEDORKA, LAURIE ROTH, LEAH LAX, and TOM MacLERAN VS.

DEMOCRAT PARTY OF MISSISSIPPI, SECRETARY OF STATE MISSISSIPPI, BARAK HUSSEIN OBAMA, OBAMA FOR AMERICA, NANCI PELOSI, DR. ALVIN ONAKA, LORETTA FUDDY, MICHAEL ASTRUE, JOHN DOES, JOHN DOES 1-100

MISSISSIPPI DEMOCRATIC PARTY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEES MEMORANDUM BRIEF OF AUTHORITIES IN SUPPORT OF MOTION FOR JUDGMENT ON THE PLEADINGS COMES NOW the Defendant, the Mississippi Democratic Party, through its governing entity, the Mississippi Democratic Party Executive Committee (MDEC), and by and through its undersigned counsel and, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(c) and L. U. Civ. R. 7(b)(4), hereby provides the Court with its Memorandum of Authorities in support of its Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings, as follows: BACKGROUND

1. On February 14, 2012 Orly Taitz, a California resident and licensed attorney in that state, filed a petition in the Circuit Court of the First Judicial District of Hinds County, Mississippi against the

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Mississippi Democratic Party and the Secretary of State of Mississippi seeking a declaration that the President of the United States, Barack Hussein Obama, is not constitutionally eligible to hold the office of President of the United States because he is not a natural born citizen of the United States, as required by Article 2, Section 1 of the United States Constitution. [Original Circuit Court Petition,

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Docket No. 6, p.p. 18-26]. Taitzs original state court petition further sought injunctive relief to block President Obama from appearing on the ballot for the Mississippi Democratic presidential preference primary election, which was to be held on March 13, 2012. Taitzs original court petition further accuses President Obama of election fraud arising from his use of a fraudulent social security number and a fraudulent birth certificate. Taitzs original court petition cites Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-961 as the jurisdictional basis for bringing her action in the Hinds County Circuit Court, which is the

procedure for an aggrieved party to challenge the qualifications of a candidate in Mississippi seeking to be elected to state office by first becoming a candidate in the party primary election.

2. Both the Democratic Party Executive Committee and the Mississippi Secretary of State filed motions in the Circuit Court to dismiss Taitzs petition on numerous grounds, including: (a) that it was

untimely under Section 23-15-961, (b) that the Plaintiff was not an aggrieved party under Section 23-15-961 and otherwise lacked standing to bring her action in the Circuit Court of Hinds County, Mississippi, and (c) that neither the Mississippi Secretary of State nor the Mississippi Democratic Party Executive Committee had any duty under the governing statute for presidential preference primaries, Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-1089, to determine a presidential candidates qualifications, other than the Secretary of States limited role in identifying generally recognized candidates for President to be placed on the party primary ballot. 3. On April 19, 2012 Taitz, along with four additional Plaintiffs, filed the First Amended Complaint (FAC) with the Circuit Court, seeking, inter alia, to enjoin Barack Obama from appearing on the

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Mississippi 2012 general election ballot as a candidate for President of the United States.1 In addition

While several Plaintiffs purportedly joined Taitz, who was the original sole plaintiff, only three such Plaintiffs have signed the FAC according to the Court Record. (See Docket No. 6-14 at 29 (Mr. Fedorkas signature page) and Docket No. 6-14 at 30 (Mr. Mac Lerans signature page). Moreover, none of the other purported Plaintiffs has provided contact information or responded in any way to defendant MDECs counsels request that they confirm they are proceeding in this action pro se and that they will provide signed pleadings and proper contact information. Additionally, each and every email sent to Plaintiff MacLeran has bounced back to the undersigned counsel. (The only contact information was e-mail addresses.) Taitz is an attorney with a history of attempting to represent Plaintiffs challenging President Obamas eligibility in states where she is not

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to the Mississippi Democratic Party and the Secretary of State of Mississippi, Taitz and the new Plaintiffs named as defendants President Obama, Obama for America (the Presidents principal political campaign committee), Nancy Pelosi (now the minority leader of the U.S. House of

Representatives and former chair of the 2008 Democratic National Convention), Dr. Alvin Onaka (Registrar of the Hawaii Department of Health), Loretta Fuddy (Director of the Hawaii Department of Health) and Michael Astrue (Commissioner of the United States Social Security Administration). The FAC cited Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-963, which is the procedure for challenging a candidate who filed to run in the general election, as the basis for the new challenge to President Obamas candidacy for President in the November 2012 election in Mississippi. The FAC also added a federal RICO cause of action against the Mississippi Democratic Party and the new defendants, but not the Secretary of State. As of this date, none of the new defendants have been served with process or otherwise appeared in the case.

4. The Secretary of State, joined by the MDEC, removed Plaintiffs civil action to this Honorable Court based on the existence of a federal question arising from the federal RICO claim included for the first time in the FAC.

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licensed to practice law. See, e.g., Rhodes v. MacDonald, 670 F. Supp.2d 1363, 1368 (11th Cir. 2009) (Because of the alleged urgent nature of the request, the Court waived its local rule that requires counsel admitted pro hac vice to associate local counsel. It became apparent during the hearing on the motion that the Court's waiver of this local rule was a mistake as counsel abused her pro hac vice privileges.); Farrar v. Obama, No. 2012CV211398 (Ga. Fulton County Super. Ct. Feb. 15, 2012) (denying Taitzs request for admission pro hac vice for failure to comply with rules applicable to same). As such, further references to Plaintiffs is without prejudice to MDECs contention that Taitz is the only actual plaintiff, for the reasons stated.

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THE SUIT IS TIME BARRED UNDER MISSISSIPPI ELECTION LAW

5. Plaintiffs FAC seeks to challenge the qualifications of President Obama as a candidate running on the general election ballot for President in 2012. Plaintiffs rely on Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-963. However, Section 23-15-963 only applies to independent (not political party) candidates who

qualified for office by obtaining the signatures of qualified electors on a petition. President Obama, who is seeking the Democratic nomination, would not even be subject to this statue since he is not running as an independent.

6. The only possible procedure to challenge the qualifications of a candidate running in a party primary in Mississippi is under Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-961, which, as noted above, was used by Taitz as the jurisdictional basis for filing the original petition in Hinds County Circuit Court on February 12, 2012. 7. However, assuming, arguendo, that Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-963 is applicable in challenging a candidates qualifications for the general election, this code section contains strict time limitations, requiring the petition challenging the general election candidates qualifications to be filed not later than 31 days after the date of the first primary election and that any subsequent petition for judicial review be filed not later than 15 days after the date that the petition was filed with the appropriate election officials. A petition for judicial review filed pursuant to Section 23-15-963 also requires the posting of a $300.00 cost bond and the signature of two or more sufficient sureties conditioned to pay all costs in the event the petition is dismissed. 8. There is no proof that Taitz, or any of the new Plaintiffs, filed any petition with the Democratic Party

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Executive Committee or any other election body as a predicate to filing the first FAC. Rather, the only conceivable filing with an election official was an email that Taitz sent to the undersigned counsel for the MDEC, dated April 1, 2012, which the Secretary of State has attached to its Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings and which is referenced by Plaintiffs in paragraph 14 of the FAC. Notably, the undersigned counsel is not an officer of the Mississippi Democratic Party nor a member 4

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of the State Executive Committee, and is not the MDECs agent for service of process. Moreover, Taitzs email did not name the four additional Plaintiffs. Taitzs email asks that her original petition challenging President Obamas candidacy in the primary election be converted to a general election challenge, given that the primary election had already transpired. Assuming that Taitzs email to the undersigned counsel in some way constitutes a petition lodged with the Democratic Party, Taitzs subsequent petition for judicial review, contained in the FAC, is nonetheless untimely as Taitz would have had to have filed this pleading in the Circuit Court of Hinds County and paid the cost bond within 15 days of the April 1 email petition. However, the FAC was not filed until April 19, 2012 and, moreover, did not include the required bond and sureties. Because Taitz was required to file a Circuit Court petition no later than April 15, 2012, and likewise to post a bond, her failure to do so in either respect makes any general election challenge to President Obamas qualifications time barred and statutorily deficient under Section 23-15-963.

9. Alternatively, to the extent plaintiff Taitz and the four new Plaintiffs seek to challenge the

likewise time-barred under Section 23-15-961. Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-961 provides the exclusive method by which the qualification of a candidate seeking public office as a party nominee may be challenged.

10. The Plaintiffs are required to file in the Circuit Court a petition for judicial review challenging the candidates qualifications no later than fifteen days after the date the contest petition was originally

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filed with the appropriate party executive committee. According to her original state court petition, Taitz filed her contest petition challenging Obamas qualifications with the MDEC on January 8, 2012. Section 23-15-961 states that the challenge must be filed with the executive committee within

At page 43 of the FAC, the Plaintiffs seek to have the Secretary of State decertify or annul all votes for President Obama in the presidential preference primary.

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qualifications of President Obama as a candidate in the presidential preference primary,2 that claim is

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ten days after the qualifying deadline. The qualifying deadline for the presidential preference primaries provided in Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-1093 was January 14, 2012. Under Section

23-15-961, the MDEC in turn must rule on the challenge petition within ten days of receiving it. Assuming that Taitz filed her contest petition on January 8, 2012, the petition would have needed to be ruled on by the MDEC by January 18, 2012. If it was not ruled on by the MDEC, which is the case here, Taitz had fifteen days from the date the petition was filed with the MDEC to file a petition for judicial review with the Circuit Court. However, Taitz did not file her Circuit Court petition until February 14, 2012, far outside of the fifteen day window for doing so, thus making her original Circuit Court petition time barred and requiring dismissal. Gourlay v. Williams, 874 So.2d 987, 988 (Miss. 2004).

11. The claim attacking Obamas qualifications to run in the Mississippi presidential preference primary or appear on the general election ballot should be dismissed because, except for Fedorka, none of the Plaintiffs are qualified electors of the State of Mississippi, and therefore lack standing to bring this action in the Circuit Court of Hinds County or this Honorable Court. Section 23-15-961 provides that any party aggrieved by the action or inaction of the appropriate executive committee may file a petition for judicial review in the circuit court, as the exclusive procedure for challenging a candidate running as a party candidate. Likewise, Section 23-15-963 affords any party aggrieved by the inaction or action of the appropriate election officials the right to file a petition for judicial review in

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the circuit court. There is simply no way any of the nonresident Plaintiffs can be an aggrieved party or otherwise have standing. See Belhaven Improvement Assn, Inc. v. City of Jackson, 507 So.2d 41, 47 (Miss. 1987) (holding that [for] standing, the person(s) aggrieved whether one or more, should allege an adverse effect different from that of the general public); Roe v. Town of New Fairfield, 2012 WL 447561 (January 17, 2012) (Conn. Super.) (To have standing as an elector, the plaintiffs right to 6

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PLAINTIFFS LACK STANDING

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vote must be implicated.); Alliance Marana v. Groseclose, 955 P.2d 43, 45 (Ariz. 1998)

(Non-resident lacks standing to file writ of mandamus regarding local referendum); United States v. Hays, 515 U.S. 737, 745 (1995) (As a matter of standing, Plaintiffs stating race-based equal protection challenges to redistricting must be voters who actually reside in the districts they are challenging). 12. Moreover, none of the Plaintiffs are different than any other citizen or voter of the United States and thus have suffered no discrete injury required to satisfy standing. See Hollander v. McCain, 566 F. Supp. 2d 63, 68 (D.N.H. 2008) (voter lacked standing to challenge constitutional qualifications of presidential nominee in that he suffered no cognizable injury and was not prevented from voting for someone else); Drake v. Obama, 664 F.3d 774, 780-781 (9th Cir. Dec. 22, 2011) (former and active military personnel did not have standing to argue that President Obama is constitutionally ineligible to be President of the United States as they did not show concrete injury); Berg v. Obama, 574 F. Supp.2d 509 (E.D. Penn. 2008), affd, 586 F.3d 234, 239 (voters stake no greater than any other voter and thus suffered no injury in fact.)

13. Only Plaintiff Taitz even attempted to adhere to the procedure for challenging a candidate seeking public office by claiming to have filed a petition with the MDEC. The other Plaintiffs did not

to first file a contest petition with the party executive committee, and Section 23-15-963 similarly requires first filing in appropriate election officials. Failure to adhere to that requirement before

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filing n Circuit Court is jurisdictionally deficient and requires dismissal of the claim. Gourlay v. Williams, 874 So.2d 987, 10 (Miss. 2009). Alternatively, except for Taitz, no plaintiff filed petitions

with the MDEC challenging President Obamas qualifications and thus cannot be parties to any action filed pursuant to Sections 23-15-961 or 23-15-963. Id. at 988. 7

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PLAINTIFFS FEDORKA, ROTH, LAX AND MACLERANS FAILURE TO FILE ANY PETITION WITH THE MDEC BARS THEIR ACTION

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THE MISSISSIPPI DEMOCRATIC PARTY HAS NO STATUTORY DUTY TO DETERMINE PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE QUALIFICATIONS

14. Under Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-1089, responsibility for placing President Obamas name on the primary ballot is vested in the Mississippi Secretary of State, not the MDEC. In that regard, the Secretary of State is required by law to place each generally recognized candidate on the presidential primary ballot. Clearly, President Obama is a nationally recognized candidate. Section 23-15-1089 does not require either the Secretary of State or the MDEC to review whether a generally recognized candidate meets the federal constitutional specifications to be president, such as whether a candidate is a natural born citizen. Under Section 23-15-1089, the MDEC had absolutely no role in placing President Obama on the March 2012 primary ballot.

California Court of Appeals considered a statute nearly identical to Section 23-15-809 and affirmed the dismissal of a mandamus action against the California Secretary of State regarding President Obamas candidacy. The California statute required a candidates name to be placed on the presidential primary ballot if it was determined by the Secretary of State that the candidate is generally advocated for or recognized throughout the United States or California as actively seeking the nomination of the Democratic Party for President of the United States Id. at 658. The Court found that the California statute did not impose any duty on the Secretary of State to determine whether a presidential candidate meets the eligibility criteria of a citizen under the United States Constitution. Accordingly, using the reasoning in Keyes v. Bowen, the instant lawsuit brought by the

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Plaintiffs against the Mississippi Secretary of State and the MDEC must be dismissed because the Secretary of State had no duty to determine whether a candidate is qualified to be president before placing him on the party primary ballot.

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15. In Keyes v. Bowen, 189 Cal. App. 4th 647, 117 Cal. Rptr. 3d 207 (Cal. App. 3 Dist. 2010) the

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MISSISSIPPI ELECTION OFFICIALS HAVE NO JURISDICTION OVER THE QUALIFICATIONS OF CANDIDATES FOR PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES 16. Mississippi election officials have no jurisdiction over the subject of a candidates eligibility under the U.S. Constitution for the office of President of the United States. As the Keyes v. Bowen decision noted, the presidential nominating process is not subject to each of the fifty States election officials independently deciding whether a presidential nominee is qualified, as this could lead to chaotic results. 189 Cal. App. 4th at 660. Rather, federal law sets forth the exclusive procedure by which objections to the qualifications of a presidential candidate may be registered and resolved.

Mechanisms exist under the Twelfth Amendment and 3 U.S.C. 15 for any challenge to any

candidate to be ventilated when electoral votes are counted, and the Twentieth Amendment provides

qualifications for president are quintessentially suited to the foregoing process. 189 Cal. App. 4th at 661. Therefore, any challenge to President Obamas eligibility to run as a candidate, either in the primary or the general election, is committed under the United States Constitution to the presidential electors and the legislative branch, at least in the first instancenot to the Mississippi Secretary of State, the Mississippi Democratic Party, or this Court. See Robinson v. Bowen, 567 F. Supp. 2d 1144, 1147 (N.D. Cal. 2008).

17. Because of the Electoral College system of presidential elections set forth in the United States Constitution, Mississippi voters actually vote for the electors for a candidate for president, and not for candidates themselves. At the Democratic State Convention, the Party designates a slate of electors

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who announce and clearly express design and purpose to support the presidential candidate selected at the Democratic National Convention. Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-771. Electors are chosen by

voters the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November in presidential election years. Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-781. The Secretary of State certifies to the circuit clerks of all 82 counties in 9

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guidance regarding how to proceed if a president elect shall have failed to qualify. Issues regarding

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Mississippi the names of the presidential nominee and vice presidential nominee selected at the Democratic National Convention. Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-785(1). Beforehand, the National Democratic Party provides the Secretary of State its nominees names by submitting a certificate of nomination signed by the presiding officer and secretary of the Democratic National Convention and by the MDEC Chairman at least 60 days prior to the November general election. Miss. Code Ann. 23-15-785(2). The official sample ballot submitted to the counties must include the word

presidential electors for candidate for President and candidate for Vice President, in lieu of the electors names on the ballot. However, votes cast for electors for the named candidates must be counted as votes for the candidates electors. Nowhere in these statutory procedures do either the MDEC or the Secretary of State provide a direct role in determining the qualifications of the Democratic nominee for President selected at the national convention. MOOTNESS/RIPENESS

18. To the extent Taitz or the other Plaintiffs continue to challenge President Obamas placement as a candidate on the March 13, 2012 presidential primary ballot, the action is moot because the election has already taken place. Allred v. Webb, 641 So.2d 1218, 1220 (Miss. 1994). Likewise, because President Obama has not been nominated by the Democratic National Convention as the Partys nominee for President, the matter is not justiciable under the doctrine of ripeness. State ex rel. Holmes v. Griffin, 667 So.2d 1319, 1325 (Miss. 2005). PLAINTIFFS ARE NOT ENTITLED TO DECLARATIONS OR INJUNCTIVE RELIEF AS A MATTER OF LAW

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19. Plaintiffs request for declaratory or injunctive relief preventing President Obama from placement on the ballot fail as a matter of law. Plaintiffs seek (1) a declaratory judgment deeming Barack Obama not eligible to be on the ballot as a candidate for the U.S. Presidency due to fraud, lack of eligibility and use of forged identification papers; and (2) an injunction preventing Secretary of State from 10

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placing Obamas name on the ballot in the general election and de-certifying/annulling all votes for Obama in the primary election. See FAC (Docket No. 1-1) at 43. Both forms of requested relief are unavailable to Plaintiffs as a matter of law, as previously articulated, and for the reasons set forth below.3

A. Plaintiffs legal claims purporting to expand the Constitutional requirement that the President be a Natural Born Citizen fail as a matter of law

20. While Plaintiffs FAC is in many respects incomprehensible, it appears that the legal basis for

Plaintiffs claim that Obama is not eligible for re-election is two-fold: First, Plaintiffs contend that President Obama has failed to produce his identification papers. See FAC at page 16 2 ([t]he most glaring evidence of Obamas lack of natural born status and legitimacy for the US Presidency, is

President Obama did produce his papers, he would not qualify to serve as President because both of his parents were not U.S. citizens at the time of his birth. See FAC at page 14 5. Both arguments are frivolous and wholly without merit.

The Constitution does not countenance Plaintiffs papers please demands 21. Plaintiffs have not because they cannot cited any authority whatsoever to justify their demand that President Obama show them identification papers satisfactory to them. The Constitution, which provides in relevant part that [n]o person except a natural born citizen . . . shall be eligible to the office of President, does not support Plaintiffs demands. See U.S. CONST. art. II, 1.5 Nor can
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Plaintiffs are not alone. More than one hundred birther challenges have been filed and rejected since 2008 (including more than twenty challenges filed by Taitz individually or on behalf of others). See Exhibit A.

See also id. at page 12 1 (Obama never presented to any court of law or any elections commission any valid original identification papers or any valid certified copies, which can be used to verify the originals.); id. at 23 [unnumbered paragraph between 16 and 17] (Based on all of the above, Obama does not have any valid identification papers . . . .); id. at 25 [unnumbered second paragraph] (Barack Hussein Obama does not have any valid U.S. identification papers and is constitutionally not eligible.); id. at 26 [unnumbered first paragraph] (Obama never had any valid identification papers . . . .). Plaintiffs cannot credibly argue that the original intent of the provision was to require candidates to provide state-issued birth certificates, social security cards, or secret service registration forms, given that no such papers even existed at the time the Constitution was drafted. The Social Security Administration was created by the Social Security Act of 1935. See 42 U.S.

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Obamas lack of most basic valid identification papers). 4 Second, Plaintiffs contend that even if

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Plaintiffs rely on any state or federal statute to claim that a candidate for the Presidency must provide papers to prove eligibility, because no such law exists. As such, the existence (or lack) of

identification papers such as a social security card, selective service registration, or particular type of birth certificate is simply irrelevant to a candidates eligibility to serve as President pursuant to Constitution Article II Section 1.

The Constitution does not countenance Plaintiffs heritage-based claims

22. Plaintiffs also contend that since [President] Obama's father was a foreign national . . . he would have been a foreign national from birth based on his father's citizenship, he is not eligible for his office because the meaning of natural born citizen as intended in the US Constitution, is one born in the country to two US citizen parents. See FAC at page 14 5.

23. The contention that Barack Obama is not a natural born citizen because his Father was not a citizen when President Obama was born is without merit, as recently recognized by the District Court in Tisdale v. Obama, where plaintiff Charles Tisdale raised the identical argument.6 In Tisdale, plaintiff sought an injunction to prevent the Virginia State Board of Elections from certifying any candidate who lacks standing as a "natural born citizen" from appearing on the 2012 election ballot. There, as here, plaintiff argued that President Obama is ineligible to appear on the ballot, on the grounds that [he] had at least one parent who was not a citizen of the United States. The District Court firmly rejected this frivolous argument, stating the obvious: It is well settled that those born in the United States are considered natural born citizens. See, e.g., United States v. [Wong Kim] Ark, 169 U.S. 649, 702 (1898) (Every person born in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, becomes at once a citizen of the

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401 et seq. The Selective Service Registration System was created by the Selective Service Act of 1917. See 40 Stat. 76. Mandated registration of births with the various states was not implemented until, at the earliest, the mid-1800s. See AM HETZEL, HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION OF THE VITAL STATISTICS SYSTEM, Appendix II at 58 (National Center for Health Statistics 1997), available at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/misc/usvss.pdf (last visited May 3, 2012) (Motion Exhibit 8). Tisdale v. Obama, No. 3:12-cv-00036-JAG (E.D. Va. Jan. 23, 2012) (dismissing in forma pauperis complaint pursuant to 28 USC 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii), which requires the district court to assess the merits of the paupers tendered complaint), appeal pending, No. 12-1124 (4th Cir. filed Jan. 30, 2012).

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United States.); Perkis v. Elg, 99 F.2d 408, 409 (1938). Moreover, those born in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, . . . have been considered American citizens under American law in effect since the time of the founding . . . and thus eligible for the presidency. Hollander v. McCain, 566 F. Supp. 2d 63, 66 (D.N.H 2008).

Tisdale v. Obama, No. 3:12-cv-00036-JAG (E.D. Va. Jan. 23, 2012), Order at 2. Indeed, a New York state court recently found the argument advanced by Plaintiffs to be frivolous:

Despite plaintiff's assertions, Article II, Section 1, Clause 5 does not state this. No legal authority has ever stated that the natural born citizen clause means what [plaintiff] claims it states. "The phrase 'natural born Citizen' is not defined in the Constitution, see Minor v Happersett, 88 US 162, 167 [1875]), nor does it appear anywhere else in the document . . . [Plaintiff] cannot wish into existence an interpretation that he chooses for the natural born citizen clause. There is no arguable legal basis for the proposition that both parents of the President must have been born on U.S. soil. This assertion is [] frivolous.

Strunk v. NY Bd. of Elections et al, No. 006500/2011 (N.Y. King County Supr. Ct. Apr. 12, 2012), Ord

issuing a show cause order as to why sanctions should not be imposed upon plaintiff), Order at 37. These cases are among several court and administrative hearing cases holding that Barack Obama is a natural born citizen, eligible to serve as President. For example, in 2009 the Indiana Court of Appeals affirmed a lower courts dismissal of a complaint filed during the 2008 election based on the same heritage-based argument advanced by Plaintiffs here for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. See Ankeny v. Daniels, 916 N.E.2d 678, 688 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009) transfer denied 929 N.E.2d 789 (Ind. 2010). The Ankeny plaintiffs like Plaintiffs here argued that because his father was a citizen of the United Kingdom, President Obama is constitutionally ineligible to assume the Office of the President. 916 N.E.2d at 685. The court firmly rejected this argument, recognizing

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based upon the language of Article II, Section 1, Clause 4 and the guidance provided by Wong Kim Ark, we conclude that persons born within the borders of the United States are natural born citizens for Article II, Section 1 purposes, regardless of the citizenship of their parents. Just as a person born within the British dominions was a natural-born British subject at the time of the framing of the U.S. Constitution, so too were those born in the allegiance of the United States natural-born citizens. 13

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(dismissing complaint challenging, among other things, President Obamas eligibility to his office and

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Ankeny v. Daniels, 916 N.E.2d at 688. Similarly, a state court in Arizona earlier this year rejected the identical argument advanced by Plaintiffs here and, like Ankeny and Tisdale, recognized that United States Supreme Court precedent i.e., Wong Kim Ark fully supports that President Obama is a natural born citizen under the Constitution and thus qualified to hold the office of President. Allen v. Obama et al, No. C20121317 (Ariz. Pima County Super. Ct. Mar. 7, 2012), appeal filed (Mar. 8, 2012).

24. Notwithstanding this clearly-established precedent, Plaintiff Taitz and those who share her views have parroted these arguments to various courts and regulatory agencies around the country. Not surprisingly given the clearly-established precedent, in each and every instance where their

heritage-based argument has been considered, Plaintiffs argument has been soundly and firmly rejected including one instance involving a lengthy evidentiary hearing at which Taitz offered most of the same exhibits attached to the FAC as evidence, put several of the same witnesses on the stand whose affidavits are attached to the FAC, and even personally testified with no opposition present to

-MALIHI (Ga. Office of St. Admin. Hrg. Feb. 3, 2012) (rejecting challenge to President Obamas eligibility to appear on 2012 ballot in Georgia after holding an evidentiary hearing; finding that President Obama is a natural born citizen). In total, the MDEC has identified eight written decisions issued in seven different states to date, in which Plaintiffs heritage-based argument has been squarely considered and flatly rejected. 7

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25. In their FAC, Plaintiffs simply ignore the controlling authority of Wong Kim Ark, and instead cite to an earlier U.S. Supreme Court decision, Minor v. Happersett, 88 U.S. 162 (1874). See FAC at page 24 (incorrectly referring to Minor as an 1875 decision). However, as even a cursory reading of

See Exhibit B for copies of these decisions.

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represent the Presidents interests. See Farrar v. Obama, No. OSAH-SECSTATE-CE-1215136-60

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Minor confirms and as every court to consider the argument advanced by Plaintiffs has held Minor does not come close to supporting Plaintiffs argument. See, e.g., Allen v. Obama et al, Order at 2 ([c]ontrary to Plaintiffs assertion, Minor v. Happersett, 88 U.S. 162 (1874), does not hold

otherwise); Ankeny v. Daniels, 916 N.E.2d at 686 (the [Minor] Court left open the issue of whether a person who is born within the United States of alien parents is considered a natural born citizen); Farrar v. Obama, Decision at 8 (same); Purpura v Obama, No. STE 04588-12 (N.J. Office of Admin Law Apr. 10, 2012), Decision at 6 n.2 (recognizing that Minor Court discussion of term was dicta). 26. In short, Plaintiffs argument which is at the core of Taitzs Sisyphean quest8 to unseat President Obama is founded upon their inability to accept the obvious:

Jack Maskell, Cong. Research Srv., No. R42097, Qualifications for President and the "Natural Born" Citizenship Eligibility Requirement (2011) (Exhibit C) at 50. 27. As another U.S. District Court judge observed in passing on Taitzs frivolous eligibility claims,

heritage-based citizenship theory has no support in the U.S. Constitution or the holdings of the U.S.

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Supreme Court, and it has been rejected by each and every court to consider it. As a matter of law,

See Taitz v. Ruemmler, No. 1:11-CV-01421, 2011 WL 4916936, *1 (D.D.C. Oct. 17, 2011) (characterizing the twelfth case filed and/or participated in by Taitz as part of her Sisyphean quest to prove that President Barack Obama is using a fake Social Security number and a forged birth certificate). Rhodes v. MacDonald, No. 409-CV-106CDL, 2009 WL 2997605, *4 (M.D. Ga. Sept. 16, 2009) (rejecting claim brought by Taitz on behalf of military servicewoman as frivolous), subsequent order, 670 F. Supp.2d 1363 (M.D. Ga. 2009) (imposing $20,000 sanction for violating Rule 11 by filing frivolous motions), affd, 368 Fed. Appx 949, (11th Cir. 2010), rehg denied, No. 09-15418-BB (11th Cir. May 14, 2010), app. for stay denied, 131 S. Ct. 44 (2010), cert. denied, 131 S. Ct. 918 (2011).

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The constitutional history, the nearly unanimous consensus of legal and constitutional scholars, and the consistent, relevant case law thus indicate that every child born in and subject to the jurisdiction of the United States (that is, not children of diplomatic personnel representing a foreign nation or military troops in hostile occupation), is a native born U.S. citizen and thus a "natural born Citizen" eligible to be President under the qualifications clause of the Constitution, regardless of the nationality or citizenship of ones parents. The legal issues regarding "natural born" citizenship and birth within the United States, without regard to lineage or ancestral bloodline, have been well settled in this country for more than a century, and such concepts date back to, and even pre-date, the founding of the nation.

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Plaintiffs claims that President Obama has to provide them with satisfactory papers of his status and, alternatively, that he cannot do so because his Father was not a U.S. citizen when President Obama was born, fail to state claims for declaratory relief or injunction, and invalidate any other claim premised on their desired interpretation of the presidential qualifications clause.

B. Plaintiffs claim that President Obama is ineligible because of purportedly invalid identification papers is frivolous.

28. Plaintiffs expressly reference the short form Certificate of Live Birth issued by the Obama For America campaign in 2008 (hereafter COLB) as well as the long form Certificate of Live Birth published by the White House in 2011 (hereafter LFBC),10 and spend the bulk of their FAC (and more than one hundred pages of often unintelligible and illegible exhibits) alleging that experts have

Plaintiffs were able to prove such spuriously baseless claims, their requested relief would still be unavailable as a matter of law for the reasons set forth below. 29. First, as noted above, Plaintiffs demand for President Obamas papers is wholly without merit because identification papers are not a requirement for eligibility in the Constitution and Plaintiffs heritage-based argument is equally frivolous because, under clearly established precedent, a person born in the United States is a natural born citizen without regard to his heritage. Here, Plaintiffs have failed to even claim much less provide any factual allegations to support such a claim that President Obama was born anywhere other than the United States. As such, Plaintiffs have not

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See FAC at page 12 1 and page 36 b. Although Plaintiffs do attach a couple copies of the LFBC to their FAC, it like many of Plaintiffs exhibits is barely legible. While Plaintiffs reference the COLB in their Complaint (at page 36 b), the MDEC was unable to find a copy of that document contained in Plaintiffs voluminous and disorganized exhibits. Therefore, the MDEC has attached to its Motion a legible a copy of the LFBC (Motion Exhibit 1) and COLB (Motion Exhibit 2). It is worth noting that in a substantively identical case adjudicated by Plaintiff Taitz in Georgia, the same evidence upon which she relies in this case by attaching it as exhibits to her FAC was deemed to be of little, if any, probative value, and the same witnesses whose affidavits she attaches to the FAC were deemed not qualified to testify as experts. See Farrar v. Obama, No. OSAH-SECSTATE-CE-1215136-60-MALlHI (Ga. Office of St. Admin. Hrg. Feb. 3, 2012), Decision at page 4. Inexplicably, Plaintiffs have attached as an exhibit to their complaint, a copy of the hearing transcript upon which the order rejecting all of Taitzs so-called evidence was based. See Doc. #1-1 at 112-157.

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determined that these documents and other identification papers are invalid.11 However, even if

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adequately alleged nor could they within the constraints of Rule 11 that President Obama is not a natural born citizen as required by the Constitution.

30. Second, irrespective of the contents of President Obamas birth records, the Hawai`i Department of Health has independently verified that President Obama was born in Hawai`i. In reviewing a motion for judgment on the pleadings, the Court may consider (1) the complaint, (2) documents attached to the complaint, (3) documents incorporated into the complaint by reference, and (4) matters of which a court may take judicial notice. See Funk v. Stryker Corp., 631 F.3d 777, 783 (5th Cir. 2011) (internal quotation marks omitted) (finding that district court appropriately took judicial notice of

publicly-available documents and transcripts produced by the FDA, which were matters of public record directly relevant to the issue at hand in ruling on a 12(b)(6) motion).12 Great Plains Trust Co. v. Morgan Stanley Dean Witter & Co., 313 F.3d 305, 313 n. 8 (5th Cir. 2002) (same standard for Rule 12(c) motions as is used for Rule 12(b)(6) motions.) As such, the Court may take judicial notice of the fact that the State of Hawai`i has independently verified that President Obama was born in Hawaii:

See State of Hawaii Department of Health News Release, Statement By Health Director Chiyome Fukino, M.D. (July 27, 2009) (Motion Exhibit 7).13

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See also Maloney Gaming Management, L.L.C. v. St. Tammany Parish, 456 Fed. Appx 336, 340-41 (5th Cir. 2011) (district court properly considered items attached to motion to dismiss 1983 complaint, including prohibiting ordinance, documents indicating that parish's department of planning had no objection to property owner receiving occupational licenses with handwritten notation assembly hall, and occupational business licenses issued to property owner, and all those documents were referenced in property owner's complaint and were thus central to the claims) citing In re Katrina Canal Breaches Litig., 495 F.3d 191, 205 (5th Cir. 2007) (consideration of insurance contracts referred to, but not attached to, complaint was permissible where they were attached to motions to dismiss and were central to plaintiffs' claims); Tellabs, Inc. v. Makor Issues & Rights, Ltd., 551 U.S. 308, 322 (2008) (directing courts to consider the complaint in its entirety, as well as other sources courts ordinarily examine when ruling on Rule 12(b)(6) motions to dismiss, in particular, documents incorporated into the complaint by reference, and matters of which a court may take judicial notice). This document is available on the official Hawai`i state government website at http://hawaii.gov/health/about/pr/2009/09-063.pdf (last visited May 2, 2012);see also Hawai`i State Department of Health

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I, Dr. Chiyome Fukino, Director of the Hawaii State Department of Health, have seen the original vital records maintained on file by the Hawai`i State Department of Health verifying Barack Hussein Obama was born in Hawai`i and is a natural-born American citizen.

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31. Third, the Court may take judicial notice of the fact that Hawai`i Department of Health has verified the authenticity of the LFBC published by the White House in 2011 (hereafter LFBC). In 2011, Loretta Fuddy, Director of the Hawai`i State Department of Health stated in publicly released documents as follows:

We hope that issuing certified copies of the original Certificate of Live Birth to President Obama will end the numerous inquiries related to his birth in Hawai`i, . . . I have seen the original records filed at the Department of Health and attest to the authenticity of the certified copies the department provided to the President that further prove the fact that he was born in Hawai`i.

See State of Hawaii Governor Neil Abercrombie, Hawaii Health Department Grants President Obamas Request For Certified Copies Of Long Form Birth Certificate (April 27, 2011) (Motion Exhibit 4) (emphasis supplied).14 Additionally, the Hawai`i Department of Health has verified that the LFBC posted online by the White House is a copy of the certified LFBC that was provided by the Hawai`i Department of Health:

See Motion Exhibit 3.15

32. Fourth, the United States Supreme Court has held that a candidate who meets the qualifications set forth in the text of the Constitution for a federal office and is elected to that office, may not be denied

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Press Release No. 08-93 (October 31, 2008) (Motion Exhibit 6), available at http://hawaii.gov/health/about/pr/2008/08-93.pdf (last visited May 2, 2012) (I have personally seen and verified that the Hawai`i State Department of Health has Sen. Obamas original birth certificate on record in accordance with state policies and procedures.). In January 2011, Dr. Fuddy was appointed as Director of the Hawai`i Department of Health, replacing former Director Fukino. See http://hawaii.gov/gov/newsroom/in-the-news/loretta-fuddy-appointed-health-director-5 (last visited May 3, 2012). This document is available on the official Hawai`i state government website at http://hawaii.gov/health/vital-records/News_Release_Birth_Certificate_042711.pdf (last visited May 2, 2012). See also April 25, 2011 Letter from Director Loretta Fuddy to President Obama (Motion Exhibit 5), available at http://hawaii.gov/health/vital-records/obama.html (last visited May 2, 2012) (Enclosed please find two certified copies of your original Certificate of Live Birth. I have witnessed the copying of the certificate and attest to the authenticity of these copies.) (emphasis added). This information is available on the official on the official Hawai`i state government website at http://Hawaii.gov/health/vital-records/obama.html.

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On April 27, 2011 President Barack Obama posted a certified copy of his original Certificate of Live Birth. For information go to []www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2011/04/27/president-obamas-long-form-birth-certificate.

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the office on the basis of alleged wrongdoing. Powell v. McCormack, 395 U.S. 486 (1969). Indeed, such an extra-Constitutional restriction is contrary to the fundamental principle of our representative democracy, embodied in the Constitution, that the people should choose whom they please to govern them. 395 U.S. at 547; see also U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton, 514 U.S. 779, 827 (1995) (the available historical and textual evidence, read in light of the basic principles of democracy underlying the Constitution and recognized by this Court in Powell, reveal the Framers' intent that neither Congress nor the States should possess the power to supplement the exclusive qualifications set forth in the text of the Constitution). As such, even if Plaintiffs spurious and baseless

allegations of wrongdoing were true (which they are not), the Constitution would still preclude Plaintiffs from obtaining the relief they seek. (Under Powell, Plaintiffs RICO claim, addressed in more detail below, similarly does not provide a basis for holding that President Obama is disqualified from the 2012 ballot).

33. In short, President Obama was born in the United States of America. Plaintiffs have neither claimed he was born anywhere else nor provided any factual allegations to support such a claim. With respect to Plaintiffs claims of forged documents, the Court need not accept such allegations as true where, as here, documents referenced in the complaint of which the Court may take judicial notice prove the falsity of such claims and, the United States Supreme Court has clearly held that such allegations may not form the basis of a candidates disqualification under the Constitution. Therefore, Plaintiffs claim that Obama is ineligible to be placed on the 2012 election ballot based on their various and

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sundry (and baseless) allegations of wrongdoing fail as a matter of law. PLAINTIFFS RICO CLAIM FAILS AS A MATTER OF LAW

34. Plaintiffs base their purported RICO claim on the supposed fraud being perpetrated on the American people by an allegedly ineligible candidate serving in or running for the office of President of the United States. While the RICO claim is infirm precisely because Plaintiffs have not and cannot plead 19

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fraud based on ineligibility because President Obama is eligible the RICO claim is also frivolous since it does not allege an economic injury, any enterprise comprised of the Defendants (who now include not only the Mississippi Democratic Party but also Hawaii health officials, the former Speaker of the House, the President and the Commissioner of Social Security), or any of the other requirements of the RICO statute.

35. This is not the first time RICO pleadings from Taitz relating to the eligibility of President Obama have been found deficient. In Taitz v. Obama, 707 F.Supp.2d. 1 (D.D.C. 2010), a purported "quo

warranto" case that Taitz attempted to amend in order to plead a RICO claim, the court explained what Taitz needed to allege, and how she fell woefully short, not merely for pleading a RICO claim but for pleading a fraud claim:

Ms. Taitz's claims under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act (RICO) are also defective. In order to bring a claim under 18 U.S.C. 1962 a civil plaintiff must allege: (1) That the defendant (2) through the commission of two or more acts (3) constituting a pattern (4) of racketeering activity (5) directly or indirectly invests in, or maintains an interest in, or participates in (6) an enterprise (7) the activities of which affect interstate or foreign commerce.... [P]laintiff must [also] allege that he was injured in his business or property by reason of [the] violation of 1962. Moss v. Morgan Stanley, Inc., 719 F.2d 5, 17 (2d Cir.1983). The Court first addresses the predicate acts Ms. Taitz has alleged. First of all, neither violations of 42 U.S.C. 1983 nor 42 U.S.C. 1985 are racketeering activities which could be the basis for Ms. Taitz's RICO claim. See 18 U.S.C. 1961(a) (defining which offenses are racketeering activities). They thus are not actionable as violations of section 1962. With respect to the various allegations of fraud-and fraud indeed is a predicate act for purposes of RICO liability- Ms. Taitz has failed to sufficiently plead her claims. To the degree a RICO complaint sounds in fraud, the plaintiff must meet Rule 9(b)'s particularity requirements. See Farlow v. Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co., 956 F.2d 982, 989 (10th Cir.1992). As the Court observed earlier, Ms. Taitz's fraud claims fail to even meet the standards of Rule 8, much less the heightened requirements of Rule 9(b). Iqbal, 129 S.Ct. at 1954. As such, she has failed to state a claim upon which relief may be granted and her RICO claims will be dismissed. FED.R.CIV.P. 12(b)(6).

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Taitz v. Obama, supra, 707 F. Supp.2d. at 5. What Taitz has done here is to add more defendants (none of whom had been served as of the date of removal) to Taitzs expanded election challenge, add a number of additional Plaintiffs, and aver the alleged conduct discussed above which is, nevertheless, not actionable under the RICO statute.

36. Plaintiffs allege a conspiracy among a disparate group of defendants, including Hawaii Health

Department officials, the Commissioner of Social Security, the President of the United States and the former Speaker of the House of Representatives for alleged acts that occurred over a five-year period, from 2007 to the present, purportedly as a massive cover up of President Obamas supposed

ineligibility. As to MDEC, Plaintiffs only plead that Taitz who is neither a registered Mississippi voter nor even a resident of our state and who did not purport to represent any citizen of Mississippi advised MDEC of President Obamas alleged ineligibility and MDEC did nothing about it. See FAC page 14-15, 5-6 and pages 29-30 (unnumbered paragraph) (referring to MDEC as an aider and abetter). There are no allegations that MDEC acted in concert with anyone, conspired with anyone, or did anything. The sole factual allegation upon which Plaintiffs base their RICO claim against MDEC is that it ignored Taitzs preposterous claims. 37. Setting aside the fact that Plaintiffs have not alleged any actionable predicate acts (ignoring Orly Taitz is not among the crimes listed in 18 U.S.C. 1962), two additional and fatal infirmities in the RICO pleading are these:

38. First, in order to have RICO standing, a plaintiff must have been injured in his business or property.

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18 U.S.C. 1964(c). Non-economic harms, such as defamation, personal injury and similar non-monetary injuries, do not constitute sufficient injury to business or property. See, e.g., Price v. Pinnacle Brands, Inc., 138 F.3d 602, 606-607 (5th Cir. 1998 ) (no tangible loss alleged); Gaines v. Texas Tech Univ., 965 F. Supp. 886, 890-891 (N.D. Tex. 1997) (personal injury and loss of

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educational opportunities insufficient). By parity of reasoning, injury to ones political rights is also not sufficient. Nor may the Plaintiffs base their standing on injury to others. See Crawford Arms, Inc. v. Waste Management, 23 F. Supp. 2d 676, 678-79 (S.D. Miss. 1998). Thus, Plaintiffs do not have RICO standing.

39. Second, Plaintiffs have failed to plead an enterprise, and have failed to plead that the Defendants conducted the enterprise as is required for a RICO claim. See Parker & Parsley Petroleum Co. v. Dresser Indus., 972 F.2d 580, 584 (5th Cir. 1992); Terrell v. Hancock Bank, 7 F. Supp. 2d 812, 818-819 (S.D. Miss. 1998). Instead, Plaintiffs allege only that there were a number of disparate acts conducted by a number of people over a period of time relating to maintaining President Obamas birth records, social security records and support for campaigns for President. This is insufficient. A RICO enterprise requires an ongoing organization with some sort of framework, formal or informal, for carrying out its objectives and that the various members and associates of the association function[ed] as a continuing unit to achieve a common purpose. See Boyle v. United States, 556 U.S. 939, 951 (2009). No such allegations appear here. Nor does the complaint allege that any of the defendants conducted the affairs of the enterprise. See Reves v. Ernst & Young, 507 U.S. 170, 183-185 (1993). Needless to say, the complaint falls woefully short of the allegations required to show that Defendants operated an enterprise that caused economic injury to Plaintiffs. 40. Simply put, Plaintiffs cannot plead a viable RICO claim. What they have pleaded is frivolous. Defendants are entitled to a judgment on the pleadings with respect to the RICO claim.

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WHEREFORE, PREMISES CONSIDERED, the Mississippi Democratic Party Executive Committee

hereby moves the Court to grant its Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings and assess all costs of this action to the Plaintiffs.

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THIS the 4th day of May, 2012.

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SCOTT J. TEPPER GARFIELD & TEPPER 1801 Century Park East, Suite 2400 Los Angeles, CA 90067-2326 (310) 277-1981 (310) 277-1980 [email protected]

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OF COUNSEL: BEGLEY LAW FIRM, PLLC P. O. Box 287 Jackson, MS 39205 (601)969-5545 (Telephone) (601)969-5547 (Facsimile) Email: [email protected]

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Respectfully submitted, THE MISSISSIPPI DEMOCRATIC PARTY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE By: /s/ Samuel L. Begley Samuel L. Begley (MSB No. 2315) By: /s/ Scott J. Tepper Scott J. Tepper (Admitted pro hac vice)

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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

The undersigned hereby certifies that on the date set forth hereinafter, a true and correct copy of the above and foregoing document was electronically filed with the Clerk of the Court using the ECF system which sent notification of such filing to the following: Harold E. Pizzetta, Esq. Justin L. Matheny, Esq. Office of the Attorney General 550 High Street, Suite 1200 P.O. Box 220 Jackson, MS 39205 Scott J. Tepper Garfield & Tepper 1801 Century Park East, Suite 2400 Los Angeles, CA 90067-2326 [email protected]

And to the following persons by email: Brian Fedorka [email protected] Laurie Roth [email protected]

Leah Lax [email protected] Tom MacLeran [email protected]

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THIS the 4th day of May, 2012. /s/ Samuel L. Begley_________ SAMUEL L. BEGLEY

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Orly Taitz, Esq. 29839 Santa Margarita Parkway, Suite 100 Rancho Santa Margarita, CA 92688

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