Issues in Infrastructure Development in India
Issues in Infrastructure Development in India
Issues in Infrastructure Development in India
WHAT IS INFRASTRUCTURE?
Infrastructure is generally defined as the physical framework of facilities through which goods and services are provided to the public.
A strong correlation exists between per capita GDP and availability of certain services such as telecommunications, power, roads, and access to safe drinking water etc. With the rise in per capita GDP, composition of infrastructure changes significantly. Basic infrastructure such as water and irrigation are more important in less developed countries whereas power and telecommunication play a vital role in highly developed countries.
INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS
World Economic Forum has noted that Indias annual investments in infrastructure between 1998 and 2005 averaged 4% of GDP compared to 8.2% for China Government of India is addressing the infrastructure requirements 11th Five Year Plan (2007-2012) calls for more than doubling the financial outlay for infrastructure
PROGRESS IN INFRASTRUCTURE
Chart Title
Airports
Ports
Electricity
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000
India growth story likely to continue Strong economic growth will fuel further demand on infrastructure India should absorb the large investments in infrastructure sector to sustain growth momentum Indian rupee has appreciated against the dollar by 5% over the past year and 20% in the past five years
2. 3.
The amount of money spent on infrastructure will be raised to 8% of GDP (earlier, infrastructure spending was only 4.6% of GDP) One Half of all new investments in the 11th plan will be in infrastructure The planning Commission has estimated that a total investment of $450 Billion in infrastructure is required over the next 5 years to meet Indias infrastructure needs over 5 years
Passenger traffic is projected to cross 100 million passengers p.a. by 2010 Cargo traffic to grow at over 20% p.a. over the next five years - To cross 3.3 million tonnes by 2010 Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) growing in a big way
India has the second longest road network in the world of 3.3 million KMs
Expressways and highways constitute only 2% of the above US $54 billion earmarked for the sector Cargo traffic expected to grow by 15-18% over the next 5 years
ROADS - POTENTIAL
100% income tax exemption for a period of 10 years Grants/viability gap funding for marginal projects available Model Concession Agreement formulated
Opportunities in construction equipment (earth moving, material handling equipment etc), tolling equipment services and advisory (architecture, structural design, soil investigation etc)
RAILWAYS
India has one of the largest railway networks in the world (63,000 route KMs network) Accounts for 30% of total freight traffic Traffic volumes set to double by 2012
Potential for rolling stock, locomotives, passenger coaches, track equipment, signalling equipment
PORTS
95% of Indias exports & imports moved by sea India expects to double its exports to $150 billion in the next five years
PORTS
100% FDI under the automatic route is permitted for port development projects 100% income tax exemption is available for a period of 10 years
Tariff Authority for Major Ports (TAMP) regulates the ceiling for tariffs charged by Major ports
Investment needed in the next 5 years $18 billion
PORTS - OPPORTUNITY
Opportunities exist in
Development of greenfield ports Development of container and bulk terminals Logistics infrastructure Dredging services Port related equipment Ship building, ship repair, maritime training
ROLE OF IIFCL
Overriding priority to PPP projects Finance projects in sectors like roads, airports, ports, power, urban infrastructure etc Financed 77 projects to the tune of $4.3 billion with a total project cost of $31 billion
CONCLUSION
Need to bridge infrastructure gaps to sustain economic growth Opportunities for international investors significant India can leverage on its vast human capital to successfully adopt the PPP model