Warm Up Lesson Presentation Lesson Quiz: Holt Algebra 2 Holt Algebra2
Warm Up Lesson Presentation Lesson Quiz: Holt Algebra 2 Holt Algebra2
Warm Up Lesson Presentation Lesson Quiz: Holt Algebra 2 Holt Algebra2
Radical Expressions and Rational Exponents Radical Expressions and Rational Exponents
Warm Up
Lesson Presentation
Lesson Quiz
8-6
Warm Up
Simplify each expression.
1. 73 72 2. 118 116
75 121 729 or 36
5 3
2 35 7
3. (32)3
4. 75 5.
20 7
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Objectives
Rewrite radical expressions by using rational exponents.
Simplify and evaluate radical expressions and expressions containing rational exponents.
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Vocabulary
rational exponent
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
You are probably familiar with finding the square root of a number. These two operations are inverses of each other. Similarly, there are roots that correspond to larger powers.
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
A. sixth roots of 64
A positive number has two real sixth roots. Because 26 = 64 and (2)6 = 64, the roots are 2 and 2. B. cube roots of 216 A negative number has one real cube root. Because (6)3 = 216, the root is 6. C. fourth roots of 1024 A negative number has no real fourth roots.
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Find all real roots. a. fourth roots of 256 A negative number has no real fourth roots. b. sixth roots of 1 A positive number has two real sixth roots. Because 16 = 1 and (1)6 = 1, the roots are 1 and 1. c. cube roots of 125 A positive number has one real cube root. Because (5)3 = 125, the root is 5.
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
The properties of square roots in Lesson 1-3 also apply to nth roots.
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Product Property.
3xxx 3x3
Holt Algebra 2
Simplify.
8-6
Quotient Property. Simplify the numerator. Rationalize the numerator. Product Property. Simplify.
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
16 x 4
4
24 x4
4
24 x4
2x 2x
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Check It Out! Example 2b Simplify the expression. Assume that all variables are positive.
x8 4 3
27 2 x 3
Simplify.
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Check It Out! Example 2c Simplify the expression. Assume that all variables are positive.
3
x 7 i3 x 2
x9
x3
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
A rational exponent is an exponent that can be expressed as m , where m and n are integers and n n 0. Radical expressions can be written by using rational exponents.
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Writing Math
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Example 3: Writing Expressions in Radical Form Write the expression (32) in radical form and simplify. Method 1 Evaluate the root first. Method 2 Evaluate the power first. Write with a radical.
5
3 5
( -32 )
5
(2)3 8
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Write the expression 64 in radical form, and simplify. Method 1 Evaluate the root first.
1 3
( 64 )
3
(4)1
4
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
5 2
( 4)
2
(2)5 32
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Write the expression 625 simplify. Method 1 Evaluate the root first.
3 4
( 625 )
4
(5)3 125
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
B.
n
=a
m n
15 5
=a
m n
13
1 2
Simplify.
Simplify.
27
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
b. 10
9 3
c. 5 Simplify.
2 4
103 1000
1 2
Simplify.
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Rational exponents have the same properties as integer exponents (See Lesson 1-5)
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Example 5B: Simplifying Expressions with Rational Exponents Simplify each expression.
Quotient of Powers.
Simplify.
Negative Exponent Property.
1 4
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
Quotient of Powers.
52 Simplify.
25
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
1 3
1 3
Holt Algebra 2
8-6
To find the distance a fret should be place from the bridge on a guitar, multiply the length of the string by , where n is the number of notes higher that the strings root note. Where should the fret be placed to produce the E note that is one octave higher on the E string (12 notes higher)? (Note: this string length is 64 cm)
= 64(21)
Use 64 cm for the length of the string, and substitute 12 for n. Simplify.
8-6
Find all real roots. 1. fourth roots of 625 2. fifth roots of 243 5, 5 3
4.
256 y 8
4y2
5. Write (216)
Holt Algebra 2