Basic Machine Processes: Identify The Basic Concepts of The Manufacturing Processes
Basic Machine Processes: Identify The Basic Concepts of The Manufacturing Processes
Basic Machine Processes: Identify The Basic Concepts of The Manufacturing Processes
Competency D403.00
Objective D403.02 Explain the ANSI standards of applying annotations to a drawing that best describes the manufacturing process.
Hole Callouts
Section I
Drilling
Is the process used to cut a cylindrical hole with a drill press and drill bit.
Blind Hole
BORING
Thru Hole
Reaming
To enlarge a hole to a more accurate size and surface quality.
Number of holes
Dimensioning
X = Number of
holes required.
Repeated Holes
4X .50
.50
.875
Blind Hole
Depth Symbol
A blind hole cuts into but does not pass completely through the object.
Depth 30
For blind holes always show a 30 degree bevel end to represent the drilling process.
Counterbore Callouts
.50 1.00 .38
Depth Symbol Counterbor e Symbol
Counterbore To enlarge the end of a drill hole to a specific diameter and depth in order to recess a mating part.
.50
Through Holes
A through hole is one that passes all the way through the object.
Spotface Callouts
.50 1.00
Counterbore Symbol
Countersink Callouts
.50 1.00 X 82
Countersink Symbol
Drawn At 90 Degrees
Countersink To recess a
hole with a conically (cone) shaped tool to provide a seat for flat head screws. (Does not need a depth to be specified.)
Knurls
Section II
Knurling
Common on thumbscrews and handles of to provide a better gripping surface Straight parallel groves.
Knurling Dimensioning
The callouts for a knurl should include the pitch, type, and the diameter.
As Draw n
As Seen
1.89 .82
1.25
96 DP STRAIGHT KNURL
The most commonly used diametrical pitches (DP) are 64 DP (coarse), 96 DP (medium), 128 DP (fine), and 160 DP (extra fine).
Chamfers
Section III
30
4.44
Sharp corners are weak. They are likely to yield cracks and other failures in the part. Fillets are rounded inside corners. Rounds are rounded outside corners.
Fillets and rounds are normally found on cast, forged, or plastic parts.
Rough Cast
Runouts
Conventional Edges
If an edge has a small radius, a line should be shown. If an edge has a large radius, no line should be shown. Draw lines for edges whenever such lines make the drawing clearer.
No Line
Finish Marks
Tells the machinist which surfaces are to be finished or machined.
60
1.5H
3H
Shown on the edge view of a surface to be finished. The vertex of the finish mark should point inward toward the solid metal. Position to read from the bottom of the sheet or from the right side of the sheet.
Machined Casting
Finish marks are not required for drill holes or any other holes where machining operations are clearly illustrated.
If a part is to be finished all over, omit the finish marks. Letter as a general note on the drawing, such as FINISH ALL OVER or FAO.
NOTES: FINISH ALL OVER. FILLETS AND ROUNDS R.125. BREAK SHARP EDGES.