Sociology
Sociology
Sociology
Societal Needs
Irrespective of numerous types, all societies possess certain needs.
Need for population (nutrition, nourishment, protection) Need for specialization Need for solidarity Need for perpetuation
1. Society
Society is a complex of individuals united by certain relations or mode of behavior which mark them off from others.
Characteristics of Society
Society consists of people Mutual interaction and Mutual awareness Society depends on certain Likeness Society depends on certain Differences Cooperation and division of work Society implies interdependence Society is Dynamic Society has control Society depends upon gregarious nature of man
2. Community
Community is a social group with degree of we-feeling and living in a given area. It is the smallest territorial group that can embrace all aspects of social life.
Elements of Community
The main bases of community can be
Locality Sentiments
3. Association
An organization that is formed deliberately for collective quest for some interest, which its members share. Examples are: Political associations, religious associations, students association etc.
Characteristics of Association
Human group Organization Common interest Cooperative spirit Regulation of relations Association as agency Durability issues
4. Institution
Institutions are habitual ways of living together which have been sanctioned, systematized, and established by the authority of communities.
Characteristics of Institution
Social in nature It is formed for collective activities.
Characteristics of Institution
Institutions are standardized norms It has prescribed ways of doing things. Eg. Family, Religion Institutions are means of satisfying needs It tells humans how to preserve, perpetuate and express themselves. Eg. Marriage, War
Characteristics of Institution
Institutions are Controlling mechanism It has prescribed ways of doing things. Eg. State, Religion, Courts Relatively Permanent Changes come slowly and gradually. Many institutions are rigid and enduring. Eg. Caste, Religion.
Characteristics of Institution
Institutions are abstract in nature Institutions are not external, or tangible in nature. They neither can be stored nor can be quantified. Oral or Written traditions Institutes are primarily oral, specially in case of primitive society. Some times they are written too.
Characteristics of Institution
Synthesizing Symbols Institutions have synthesizing symbols, material or non-material. As a religion may have a crescent symbol, a school may have a distinct anthem. Interrelation Institutes cant be understood as a single entity. For analyzing one institute, we may need to study another institute.
Functions of Institution
Institution caters need satisfaction It controls human behavior It assigns roles and statuses It simplifies actions for individuals It contributes to unity and uniformity
Association Vs Institution
Purpose
Association is organized group of people, fulfilling a need Institution is organized way of doing things with prescribed procedures.
Association Vs Institution
Association denotes membership While Institution signifies belongingness.
Association Vs Institution
Association denotes membership While Institution signifies belongingness.
Association Vs Institution
Individuals are building blocks in Association Laws, rules & regulations are building blocks of an institution.
Association Vs Institution
Association are established Institutions are evolved.
Association Vs Institution
Association can be temporary or permanent Institutions are relatively permanent.