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    Characteristics of Living Things

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    dbhatt55
    This document discusses the key characteristics of living things and systems of biological classification. It outlines five characteristics shared by all living things: 1) being made of cells, 2) growth and development, 3) obtaining and using energy, 4) reproduction, and 5) response to stimuli in the environment. It then explains taxonomy, the science of classifying living things, and how organisms are grouped into a hierarchical system of seven major taxa from kingdom to species based on their DNA, structures, and other shared attributes.

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    Characteristics of Living Things

    Uploaded by

    dbhatt55
    131 views25 pages
    This document discusses the key characteristics of living things and systems of biological classification. It outlines five characteristics shared by all living things: 1) being made of cells, 2) growth and development, 3) obtaining and using energy, 4) reproduction, and 5) response to stimuli in the environment. It then explains taxonomy, the science of classifying living things, and how organisms are grouped into a hierarchical system of seven major taxa from kingdom to species based on their DNA, structures, and other shared attributes.

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    Characteristics of Living Things

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    This document discusses the key characteristics of living things and systems of biological classification. It outlines five characteristics shared by all living things: 1) being made of cells, 2) growth and development, 3) obtaining and using energy, 4) reproduction, and 5) response to stimuli in the environment. It then explains taxonomy, the science of classifying living things, and how organisms are grouped into a hierarchical system of seven major taxa from kingdom to species based on their DNA, structures, and other shared attributes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    131 views25 pages

    Characteristics of Living Things

    Uploaded by

    dbhatt55
    This document discusses the key characteristics of living things and systems of biological classification. It outlines five characteristics shared by all living things: 1) being made of cells, 2) growth and development, 3) obtaining and using energy, 4) reproduction, and 5) response to stimuli in the environment. It then explains taxonomy, the science of classifying living things, and how organisms are grouped into a hierarchical system of seven major taxa from kingdom to species based on their DNA, structures, and other shared attributes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 25
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are the characteristics that define living things and an introduction to taxonomy, the science of classifying organisms.

    The characteristics of living things are that they are made of cells, grow and develop, obtain and use energy, reproduce, respond to their environment.

    Taxonomy helps classify organisms by assigning them single scientific names to avoid confusion and help understand how organisms are related to each other through evolutionary history.

    Characteristics of Living Things

    1.

    Made of Cells unicellular vs.. multicellular

    Characteristics of Living Things

    Red Blood cells

    Onion skin epidermal cells

    Human cheek cells

    Characteristics of Living Things


    2. Grows and develops
    Increase

    in cell size and/or number development, aging, death

    Includes:

    Differentiation

    cell specialization for a certain job

    Characteristics of Living Things


    3. Obtains & uses Energy

    Metabolism (sum of all chemical reactions) Anabolism- simple to complex (build up rxns.) Catabolism complex to simple (break-down rxns.) Heterotrophic (other feeding) vs. autotrophic (self-feeding)

    Characteristics of Living Things


    4. Reproduces two kinds of reproduction: - asexual takes one to make more

    - sexual takes two

    Characteristics of Living Things


    5. Responds to the Environment a. Movement internal or external b. Irritability - ability to respond to a stimulus Examples of stimuli : sight, sound, touch, pressure, temperature, chemicals, color, light, other? c. Adaptability

    Taxonomy
    A. Definition = science of naming things & assigning them to groups

    Taxonomy
    B. Why have a classification system? 1. Single, universal name 2. Avoid confusion

    3. Understand how living things are related to one another

    Taxonomy
    What are the FIVE common names of this animal?

    Taxonomy
    1.

    2.
    3. 4. 5.

    Mountain Lion Cougar Puma (Florida) Panther Catamount

    Rocky Mountain resident

    Florida resident

    Taxonomy
    Wouldnt it be confusing if we didnt have a scientific name? Felis concolor = scientific name of the mountain lion

    Genus

    species

    Taxonomy
    C. Examples of classification systems: 1. Dewey decimal system library 2. Sections of store music store
    3. Periodic Table of elements Chemistry 4. Others?

    Taxonomy
    D. Binomial nomenclature 1. System of scientific naming 2. Developed by Carolus Linnaeus (Swedish botanist) in 1750s 3. Two part scientific name Genus and species
    4.

    5.

    Must be underlined or in italics In Latin (dead language of scholars)

    Taxonomy
    E. Example :

    Homo sapiens (wise man)


    1. Scientific name for human beings 2. Homo = genus (capitalized & underlined) 3. sapiens = species (underlined, but NOT capitalized)

    Taxonomy
    F. Definition of species = 1. breed successfully viable, fertile offspring 2. unique features similar to others of same species 3. have similar DNA to other species members

    Taxonomy
    G. 7 Taxa of living things ( taxon = group) Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species (kings) (play) (chess) (on) (fine) (green) (silk)

    Taxonomy
    H. Kingdom is least specific, largest group I. Species is most specific, contains only one kind of organism

    Taxonomy
    J. An example: Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Mammalia Order Primates Family Hominidae Genus Homo Species sapiens

    K. Other Systems of Classification


    1.

    Cladograms

    K. Other Systems of Classification


    2. Three Domain System

    Taxonomy
    L. What determines how something is classified? 1. DNA

    2. Structure

    Taxonomy
    3. Embryology & development

    Taxonomy
    L. There are 6 kingdoms of living things 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia

    Taxonomy
    M. Definitions
    Prokaryotic

    = does not have a nucleus to contain its DNA Eukaryotic has a membranebound nucleus

    Taxonomy
    N. Unicellular Prokaryotic 1. Archaebacteria ancient bacteria 2. Eubacteria most bacteria Eukaryotic 3. Protista single-celled O. Multicellular 4. Fungi e.g. mushrooms 5. Plantae - plants 6. Animalia - animals

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