This document discusses key terminology and concepts in nursing theory, including concepts, propositions, paradigms, conceptual models, and theories. It explains that nursing knowledge is organized in a hierarchy from most abstract (metaparadigm) to most concrete (empirical indicators). The nursing metaparadigm encompasses four concepts: nursing, human beings, environment, and health. Conceptual models and theories further develop these concepts and their relationships.
This document discusses key terminology and concepts in nursing theory, including concepts, propositions, paradigms, conceptual models, and theories. It explains that nursing knowledge is organized in a hierarchy from most abstract (metaparadigm) to most concrete (empirical indicators). The nursing metaparadigm encompasses four concepts: nursing, human beings, environment, and health. Conceptual models and theories further develop these concepts and their relationships.
This document discusses key terminology and concepts in nursing theory, including concepts, propositions, paradigms, conceptual models, and theories. It explains that nursing knowledge is organized in a hierarchy from most abstract (metaparadigm) to most concrete (empirical indicators). The nursing metaparadigm encompasses four concepts: nursing, human beings, environment, and health. Conceptual models and theories further develop these concepts and their relationships.
This document discusses key terminology and concepts in nursing theory, including concepts, propositions, paradigms, conceptual models, and theories. It explains that nursing knowledge is organized in a hierarchy from most abstract (metaparadigm) to most concrete (empirical indicators). The nursing metaparadigm encompasses four concepts: nursing, human beings, environment, and health. Conceptual models and theories further develop these concepts and their relationships.
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Nursing Theory
Theresa Tarrant, PhD, RN
Terminology Concepts Propositions Metaparadigm Philosophy Conceptual Models Theories Empirical Indicators What separates nursing knowledge from that of other healthcare disciplines? HOLARCHY (hierarchy) Components of nursing knowledge
Based on level of abstraction Metaparadigm Most Abstract Philosophy Conceptual model Theory Empirical indicators Most Concrete Concepts Word or phrase that summarizes ideas, observations or experiences.
A word that creates mental images
I.e. bicycle or Graduation
Building blocks of theory
Propositions Statement about a concept or the relationship between one or more concepts.
Non relational proposition describes or defines a concept Vacations are fun! Relational proposition asserts there is a relationship. Parents teach their children how to ride bicycles
Paradigm Thomas Kuhn set of practices that define a scientific discipline at any particular time period of time. Thomas Kuhn (1962) accepted model of or pattern. (1970) what the members of a scientific community, and they alone share. (1977) Paradigm
The functions of a paradigm are to supply puzzles for scientists to solve and to provide the tools for their solution. A crisis in science arises when confidence is lost in the ability of the paradigm to solve particularly worrying puzzles called anomalies. Crisis is followed by a scientific revolution if the existing paradigm is superseded by a rival.
Metaparadigm Statement or group of statements identifying its relevant phenomena (Fawcett, 1984) Most abstract Concise Global concepts that define the areas of central issue of discipline
map that guides the discipline (Hardy, 1978)
Brings unity to a discipline Encourages communication Metaparadigm Four functions 1. Identify a domain distinctive from domain of other disciplines 2. Encompass all phenomena of interest to the discipline 3. Perspective Neutral 4. International in scope and substance Metaparadigm of Nursing Nursing Human beings (Person, patient, man) Environment Health Philosophy Statement encompassing ontological claims about the phenomena of central interest to a discipline Statements of beliefs and values
Directed at discovery of knowledge Identify what is important and valuable to nurses Communicate what the members of the discipline know to be true in relation to the phenomena of interest to that discipline. Philosophy What is believed about nursing, human beings, environment and health Conceptual Models Set of relatively abstract and general concepts that address the phenomena of central interest to a discipline , proposition that broadly describe those concepts, and the propositions that state relatively abstract and general relations between two or more concepts. Conceptual Models A distinctive frame of reference Alternative ways of how to observe and interpret phenomena Certain aspects of phenomena are emphasized other maybe ignored
Some models focus more on one or more of the metaparadigm concepts. Theory One or more relatively concrete and specific concepts that are derived from a conceptual model , the propositions that narrowly describe these concepts and the propositions that state relatively concrete, and specific relations between two or more of the concepts Levels of Theories Grand - broad
Middle Range more concrete and narrower. Addresses more concrete and specific phenomena Describes, explains, or predicts
Prescriptive theory most narrow provides specific direction
Unique vs. borrowed Empirical Indicator An actual instrument, experiential condition, or procedure that is used to observe or measure a middle range theory concept.
Used to generate or test a middle range theory
Approaches to Theory Building Derivation shift or redefining a concept used in one field to another field .
Synthesis: combining isolated bits of information gathered through observation to construct a new concept.
Analysis : Clarify or redesign by dissecting a whole into its component parts to enhance understanding . Concept Analysis Taking a concept normally used in nursing: Analyze so it is clearly defined Identifies what makes them unique from other concepts
What is true about the concept today. Examine the basic element of the concept Eliminating ambiguity Developing standardized language and empirical indicators for the concept Steps of Concept Analysis Select a concept Determine the Aims or purposes Identify all the use f the concept you can discover Determine defining attributes Identify a case model Identify borderline, related, contrary , invented and illegitimate cases Identify ancedents and consequences Define empirical referents. Categories of Knowledge From Other Disciplines:
Developmental psychology
Systems Biology and physics
Interaction Sociology
Nursing Categories of Knowledge
Nursing Categories of Knowledge Needs and outcomes Client focused Person focused Nursing therapeutics focused Energy fields Conservation Substance support Enhancement