Jyothi Nandikonda Supervisor: Olav Tirkkonen

Jyothi Nandikonda
Supervisor: Olav Tirkkonen

Agenda

Study and Objectives
Thesis scope
Problem being studied and addressed
Methodology used
What is LTE?
LTE migration path
What LTE brings to Operators / End-users
Voice over LTE Challenges
Lack of Standards
The problem of voice in LTE
Solution for the problem
Alternative Solutions
CSFB
VoLGA
IMS
Other
VoLGA
What is VoLGA and How it works?
Why VoLGA ?
Conclusions
2
Objectives & Scope

To study and elaborate on the problem of bringing the Voice
solution into LTE networks

To study the various alternatives available for the operators to
implement the Voice in LTE networks

As an intermediate alternative, to study in detail the VoLGA
solution and compare the against various other implementation
choices
3
Long Term Evolution (LTE)
LTE is a new radio access technology, next
generation mobile broadband standard,
and obvious successor to the 3G UMTS
technologies
Known as 3.9G, a way forward to 4G

LTE brings improved spectral efficiency at
lower latency and offers high peak data
rates
Almost 100 times imrovement

A key aspect of LTE is its simplified, flat-
network architecture based on all IP
networks
Anywhere, anytime and always-on

Ideal for delivering Real-time services
which require high speed data and high
efficient radio
Multimedia, Streaming, IPTV, VoD

4
Long Term Evolution (LTE)
Operator benefits
Low CAPEX and OPEX + Highly efficient
Maximize Return on Investment
Low cost structure for all mobile services
Support of exisiting / profitable business
models
Smooth migration path
LTE is an Investment safe technology

End-user Benefits
Reasonable costs with high data speeds
Seemless user experiance with always ON
Full interoperability support and
international roaming support

5
PSTN is the largest comms
network ever created
>4 billion active mobile
connections at end-2008; >6
billion by 2014
By 2014, 77% of revenue
globally is voice & SMS (vs.
86% in 2009)
Voice over LTE - Challenges
Lack of Standards
Clarity in standards missing to support the delivery of voice in LTE

The Real Problem
No Native Voice and SMS in LTE
IMS Telephony outside planning timeline
SMS is an essential for LTE data only deployments

Solution
Re-use existing Core Network Systems and mechanisms
Bring the primary revenue services (Voice/SMS) to LTE
Enable Long-Term Service evolution
Counter over the top VoIP Competetion

6
Alternative Solutions
CSFB Circuit Switched Fallback
VoLGA Voice over LTE via Generic Access
IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
Other
One Voice Initiative
Over the top VoIP
7
Circuit Switched Fallback
CS Fallback
LTE handsets reverts or fallback to a
3G or 2G radio network whenever
voice service are required

Costly and Complex
Must require MSC Upgrades
Increased signalling due to network
switching (LTE->3G/2G)

Poor user experiance
Call setup times are high; > 1.5sec
Increased potential for call /network
drops
No Parallel voice and data if legacy
network is 2G

A Step away from IMS
No support for IMS RCS
No support for LTE Femtocells

8
Voice over LTE via Generic Access

A technological approach for
delivering Voice and SMS services
over LTE access networks

Leverages a mobile operators existing
core voice networks and investments

Build upon fully 3GPP compliant Rel-8
LTE/EPC network

Derived from the existing 3GPP GAN
Standard

Supported by industry consortium
known as VoLGA Forum

GERAN LTE UTRAN
Circuit Services

Packet Services
Tel
SMS
VMS
BSC EPC RNC
1
MSC
VANC
9
IP Multimedia Subsystem
IP Multimedia Subsystem
Its not a technology, rather an
architecture framework based on set of
open standards developed by 3GPP
Enables the convergence of data, speech
and mobile network technology over IP-
based infrastructure
One of Key enabler for IMS is SIP
protocol, which is used for establishing,
managing and terminating sessions on IP
networks

IMS is Costly and Complex
Solution availability and stability not
feasible in time
Solution would consists of IMS
platform, various application servers
and requires major upgrade/changes
to MSC servers
No eco-system in place yet for IMS
Voice/SMS roaming and interconnect

10
What is VoLGA?
VoLGA doesnt fallback to 2G /3G network
for Voice/SMS
Voice services are packetized and
delivered natively over LTE

Excellent User Experiance
Same or faster call setup times as 3G
Full support of extended voice services
E.g: E911, prepaid

Minimal cost/complexity
No MSC upgrades
Introduces VANC (VoLGA access network
controller)

A better path to IMS
Supports IMS RCS and Combinational
Voice/Data services today
Supports LTE Femtocells

GERAN LTE UTRAN
Circuit Services

Packet Services
Tel
SMS
VMS
BSC EPC RNC
1
MSC
VANC
11
How VoLGA Works?
The concept is to connect the already
existing MSC to LTE Network via gateway
known as VANC
VANC responsible for connecting the
Packet Switched LTE network to Circuit
Switched Core Network
UE registers with MME over LTE access
network
UE establishes a connection with VANC via
PDN Gateway over SGi interface
UE registers to the MSC through the Secure
tunnel and the VANC.
VANC connects to GSM/UMTS MSC via
A/Iu-cs interface respectively
All signalling and data traffic (UE-VANC) is
transported via SGi interface
In case of handover, E-UTRAN initiates HO,
and informs to UE
VANC triggers intra/inter MSC-Handover
12
Why VoLGA?
VoLGA is Fastest , Low Cost and Low risk approach
Avoids MSC upgrades/changes
Provides IMS RCS services and Combinational of voice and data services
Provides long-term investment protection
Full service transparency with proven service core
For devices, VoLGA is the lowest impact design
Minimizes the impact on UE, especially User Interface
Supported by all major handset manufacturers
VoLGA delivers SMS over LTE
SMS is essential for early LTE data-only deployments
SMS is required for Subscriber Management/EU Roaming
SMS is a key for LTE dongles, datacards and netbooks
VoLGA is very robust and efficient
Based on 3GPP GAN Standard
Relies on many of same underlying technology as IMS for Voice
Uses RFC4867 for VoIP and Robust Header Compression -RoHC (like in IMS)

13
Conclusion
For many operators, the target architecture for voice over LTE is IMS
Sooner or later, operators move to IMS for their initial deployment
However, it is clear that there will be an interim period for other operators,
who are not yet invested in IMS for voice, for those an interim solution is
needed
VoLGA today
offers a less-intrusive, low cost and low risk approach
provides higher quality user experiance than CSFB
offers a better path towards IMS voice networks
supports IMS RCS and combinational voice / data services
provides long-term investment protection as well as short-term service
acceleration designed to deliver profitable voice services
offers by far the best combination of simplicity and functionality

14

Questions?
15

Jyothi Nandikonda Supervisor: Olav Tirkkonen

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