Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 19 views

    Principles and Practices of Management

    Uploaded by

    Vanessa Gardner
    This document defines management and its key functions. It provides 3 definitions of management that emphasize planning, organizing resources to achieve goals, and maintaining an environment where people can work together efficiently. The 4 main management functions are identified as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Planning involves setting goals and courses of action, organizing is creating the structure and assigning roles, leading is motivating employees, and controlling checks that plans are being followed. These functions interact and differ in importance at 3 management levels - first-line managers focus more on leading, middle managers balance functions, and top managers emphasize planning and controlling. Overall management aims to efficiently and effectively achieve organizational surplus and goals.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Principles and Practices of Management

    Uploaded by

    Vanessa Gardner
    19 views21 pages
    This document defines management and its key functions. It provides 3 definitions of management that emphasize planning, organizing resources to achieve goals, and maintaining an environment where people can work together efficiently. The 4 main management functions are identified as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Planning involves setting goals and courses of action, organizing is creating the structure and assigning roles, leading is motivating employees, and controlling checks that plans are being followed. These functions interact and differ in importance at 3 management levels - first-line managers focus more on leading, middle managers balance functions, and top managers emphasize planning and controlling. Overall management aims to efficiently and effectively achieve organizational surplus and goals.

    Original Description:

    principles and practices of management

    Original Title

    Session 1

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document defines management and its key functions. It provides 3 definitions of management that emphasize planning, organizing resources to achieve goals, and maintaining an environment where people can work together efficiently. The 4 main management functions are identified as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Planning involves setting goals and courses of action, organizing is creating the structure and assigning roles, leading is motivating employees, and controlling checks that plans are being followed. These functions interact and differ in importance at 3 management levels - first-line managers focus more on leading, middle managers balance functions, and top managers emphasize planning and controlling. Overall management aims to efficiently and effectively achieve organizational surplus and goals.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    19 views21 pages

    Principles and Practices of Management

    Uploaded by

    Vanessa Gardner
    This document defines management and its key functions. It provides 3 definitions of management that emphasize planning, organizing resources to achieve goals, and maintaining an environment where people can work together efficiently. The 4 main management functions are identified as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Planning involves setting goals and courses of action, organizing is creating the structure and assigning roles, leading is motivating employees, and controlling checks that plans are being followed. These functions interact and differ in importance at 3 management levels - first-line managers focus more on leading, middle managers balance functions, and top managers emphasize planning and controlling. Overall management aims to efficiently and effectively achieve organizational surplus and goals.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 21

    BASIC CONCEPTS OF MANAGEMENT

    INTRODUCTION
    Why study Organisations and Management ?
    Members of one organisation or another
    A college
    A Sports team
    a business, etc.
    Basic element of any organisation-GOAL OR
    PURPOSE.
    Some programs or methods for achieving goals - a
    PLAN.
    Allocate and acquire the resources necessary to achieve
    goals.
    Need people responsible for helping in achieving the
    goals-
    MANAGERS



    WHAT IS MANAGEMENT?
    DEFINITION I
    For the purpose of study-
    Management is the process of planning,
    organizing, leading, and controlling the
    resources of an organisation in the efficient
    and effective pursuit of specified
    organisational goals.
    - Burton & Thakur
    EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS
    EFFICIENCY- Ability to maximize the use of
    resources in achieving organisational
    objectives- doing things right
    Input- output concept.
    EFFECTIVENESS- Ability to determine
    appropriate objectives: doing the right
    things
    Involves choosing right goals.

    PRODUCTIVITY

    Surplus is created through productive
    operations.
    Definition:
    Productivity is the output-input ratio
    within a time period with due consideration
    for quality.
    Productivity = output
    inputs
    (within a time period and quality
    considered)
    DEFINITION II

    Management is the process of designing
    and maintaining an environment in
    which individuals , working together in
    groups, efficiently accomplish selected
    aims.

    - Harold Koontz & Heinz Weihrich

    EXPLANATION
    Following managerial functions are carried out
    Planning
    Organizing
    Staffing
    Leading
    Controlling
    Applies to any kind of organisation.
    Aim of all managers is the same- TO CREATE
    SURPLUS.
    Applies to managers at all organisational levels.
    Concerned with productivity (effectiveness and
    efficiency).

    DEFINITION III
    Management is the process of functions,
    and there are five major functions
    To forecast and plan
    To organize
    To command
    To co-ordinate
    To control
    - Henri Fayol

    Management As A Science
    Systematized body of knowledge covering
    general truths or the operation of general
    laws.
    Better work by using the organized
    knowledge about management.
    Organized knowledge underlying the
    practice.

    MANAGEMENT AS AN ART
    Managing as practice.
    Learning from mistakes and polishing
    managing art.

    Science and art are not mutually exclusive;
    they are complementary.
    MANAGEMENT AS A PROFESSION
    Occupation for which specialized knowledge,
    skills, and training are required.
    Use of these skills for larger interests of the
    society not for self- satisfaction.
    Success is measured not in terms of money
    alone.
    Certain Characteristics of Profession
    Missing in Management
    1. No formal education requirements for entry into
    management.
    2. No system of accreditation or licensing for
    managers.
    3. Managers do not have specific clients.
    4. No clear code of managerial ethics.
    5. No common body of knowledge required for
    understanding someone to be a manager.

    Thus, Management is moving closer to the state of
    professionalism.
    Management Functions at Different
    Organisational Levels
    Management Levels
    1. First- Line Managers:
    Responsible for the work of operating
    employees only and do not supervise other
    managers.
    First or lowest level managers in the
    organisational hierarchy.


    2. Middle Managers:
    Managers in the midrange of the
    organisational levels.

    Responsible for other managers and
    sometimes for some operating employees.

    Report to more senior managers.


    3. Top Managers:

    Responsible for the overall management of
    the organisation.

    Establish operating policies.

    Guide the organization's interaction with its
    environment.

    Management Functions
    1. PLANNING
    Process of establishing goals and a
    suitable course of action for achieving
    those goals.
    Actions are based on some method, plan or
    logic.
    Plans are the guides by which
    The organisation obtains and commits
    the resources.
    Members of the organisation carry on
    activities consistent with the chosen
    objectives and procedures.
    Progress toward the objectives is
    monitored and measured to take
    corrective actions.

    2. ORGANIZING
    Process of engaging two or more people
    in working together in a structured way to
    achieve a specific goal or set of goals.
    Different goals require different
    structures.
    Bridge connecting the conceptual idea
    in creating and planning to the specific
    means for accomplishing ideas.
    3. LEADING
    Process of directing and influencing the task-
    related activities of group members or an entire
    organisation.
    Management of human resources.
    Interpersonal task of motivating the individual
    employee.
    Motivate the work unit, work group or
    department as a complexity of individuals.
    Management of organizational power, political
    forces and organizational culture.
    Management of organizational communication
    processes.
    4. CONTROLLING
    Process of ensuring that actual activities
    conform to planned activities.
    Main Elements:
    Establishing standards of performance.
    Measuring current performance.
    Comparing this performance to the established
    standards.
    Taking corrective actions if deviations are
    detected.
    PLANNING
    Managers use logic &
    methods to think
    through goals and
    actions.
    ORGANIZNG
    Managers arrange &
    allocate work, authority,
    and resources to achieve
    organizational goals.
    LEADING
    Managers direct,
    influence and motivate
    employees to perform
    essential tasks.
    CONTROLLING
    Managers make sure
    an organisation is
    moving towards
    organizational
    objectives.
    THE INTERACTIVE NATURE OF THE MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
    0
    10
    20
    30
    40
    50
    60
    70
    80
    90
    Planning Organizing Leading Controlling
    First line
    Managers
    Middle
    managers
    Top
    managers
    IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS

    You might also like