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    Stress: Hans Selye

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    Alex Olivar
    Hans Selye first introduced the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model of stress in 1936 based on his research on rats. The GAS describes the body's three stage reaction to stress: 1) alarm stage, where the body prepares for fight or flight, 2) resistance stage, where the body tries to adapt to the stressor, and 3) exhaustion stage, where prolonged stress depletes the body's resources and leaves it vulnerable to illness. Stress management techniques can be practiced at the individual, family, and community levels to help people cope with stressors and avoid reaching the exhaustion stage.

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    Stress: Hans Selye

    Uploaded by

    Alex Olivar
    53 views31 pages
    Hans Selye first introduced the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model of stress in 1936 based on his research on rats. The GAS describes the body's three stage reaction to stress: 1) alarm stage, where the body prepares for fight or flight, 2) resistance stage, where the body tries to adapt to the stressor, and 3) exhaustion stage, where prolonged stress depletes the body's resources and leaves it vulnerable to illness. Stress management techniques can be practiced at the individual, family, and community levels to help people cope with stressors and avoid reaching the exhaustion stage.

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    Stress management

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    Stress

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    Hans Selye first introduced the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model of stress in 1936 based on his research on rats. The GAS describes the body's three stage reaction to stress: 1) alarm stage, where the body prepares for fight or flight, 2) resistance stage, where the body tries to adapt to the stressor, and 3) exhaustion stage, where prolonged stress depletes the body's resources and leaves it vulnerable to illness. Stress management techniques can be practiced at the individual, family, and community levels to help people cope with stressors and avoid reaching the exhaustion stage.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    53 views31 pages

    Stress: Hans Selye

    Uploaded by

    Alex Olivar
    Hans Selye first introduced the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model of stress in 1936 based on his research on rats. The GAS describes the body's three stage reaction to stress: 1) alarm stage, where the body prepares for fight or flight, 2) resistance stage, where the body tries to adapt to the stressor, and 3) exhaustion stage, where prolonged stress depletes the body's resources and leaves it vulnerable to illness. Stress management techniques can be practiced at the individual, family, and community levels to help people cope with stressors and avoid reaching the exhaustion stage.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 31

    STRESS

    HANS SELYE
    Stress is the spice of life.who
    would enjoy a life of no runs, no
    hits and no errors?
    -Hans Selye, M.D.
    Definition
    Types of stressors
    Types of stress
    Body response to stress
    Stress and illness
    Occupational stress
    Post traumatic stress disorders
    Scales to measure stress
    Stress management
    Summary


    Stress is the process by
    which we perceive and
    respond to certain
    events that we see as
    threatening or
    challenging.
    Any event or circumstance that causes stress is called
    stressor.
    Stressor as such does not cause stress but our
    perception of that event, the meaning we attach to it and
    the way we react to it leads to symptoms or diseases of
    stress.

    STRESSOR

    Types of stressors
    Biological stressors
    Any illness or disease
    Disabilities
    Injuries


    Environmental stressors
    Poverty
    Overcrowding
    Natural disasters
    Inability to solve a problem
    Coming up with creative projects

    Cognitive stressors

    Life change stressors
    Death of loved ones
    Divorce
    Trouble among family and friends
    Types of stress
    Acute Stress
    Acute stress is the reaction to an immediate threat,
    commonly known as the fight or flight response. The threat
    can be any situation that is experienced, even
    subconsciously or falsely, as a danger.
    Common acute stressors include:
    noise
    crowding
    hunger







    Chronic stress
    Frequently, however, modern life poses on-going stressful
    situations that are not short-lived and the urge to act (to fight or to
    flee) must be suppressed. Stress, then, becomes chronic.
    Common chronic stressors include:
    on-going highly pressured work,
    long-term relationship problems,
    loneliness, and
    persistent financial worries.



    Eustress
    It is the good kind of stress
    Something pleasing will result at the
    end of the stressful situation
    Examples:
    Planning a wedding
    Planning a party
    Completing your last semester before
    graduation


    Distress
    It is a displeasing kind of stress
    It is the bad kind of stress
    It causes the most harm to the body
    Examples:
    Death of a loved one
    Natural disasters like earthquakes, floods
    Financial problems

    General Adaptation
    Syndrome
    What is the General Adaptation
    Syndrome?
    The General Adaptation Syndrome (or GAS)
    describes the body's short and long-term
    emotional and physical effects of stress.
    GAS: A Brief History
    Introduced by Hans Selye in 1936. Hans Selye is
    considered as the founding father of stress
    research.
    He conducted a research involving rats in which he
    injected various extracts from the glands of the
    body.
    The rats exhibited the same symptoms.
    He believed at first that he discovered a new
    hormone.
    GAS: A Brief History
    However, after further tests using other substances
    and methods such as injecting formaldehyde,
    cutting the rats spinal cord, exposure to cold and
    forced exercise, the results were still the same.
    The predictable sequence he observed on the rats
    is now what we call the General Adaptation
    Syndrome.
    Three Stage
    Reaction
    Alarm phase
    Stage of resistance
    Exhaustion stage.

    The alarm phase of the general
    adaptation syndrome
    In the alarm phase you enter a heightened
    psychological and physiological arousal, known as the
    fight or flight response.
    Stress hormones are released into the bloodstream.
    Adrenaline increases muscle tension, heart rate, and
    causes a number of other physical effects of stress.
    You are now immediately equipped with enough
    energy to handle it.
    You are more focused and alert!
    The resistance phase of the general
    adaptation syndrome
    The mind and the body attempt to adapt to the
    cause of stress.
    Also known as the adaptation phase.
    Homeostasis begins restoring balance and a period
    of recovery for repair and renewal takes place.
    Body remains alert (at a lower level) but continues
    the normal functions.
    Stress hormone levels may return to normal but
    you may have reduced defenses and adaptive
    energy left.
    The exhaustion phase of the general
    adaptation syndrome
    Exhaustion sets in.
    Stress has generally occurred for some time and at
    this point, resistance can drop off and the activity
    returns to the point before the emergency.
    Characterized by issues such as burnout and
    exhaustion.
    Bodys immune system that fights off disease and
    infection is weakened.
    The exhaustion phase of the general
    adaptation syndrome
    Chronic stress can damage nerve cells in tissues
    and organs. Particularly vulnerable is the
    hippocampus section of the brain. Thinking and
    memory are likely to become impaired, with
    tendency toward anxiety and depression.
    Responses to stress
    Seyles general adaptation syndrome

    There are 3 stages:
    1. Alarm stage :- occurs when person recognizes threat
    and mobilizes resources.
    2. Resistance :- occurs when the stress is prolonged
    3. Exhaustion :- occurs when bodys resources are
    depleted.
    Individual level
    Family level
    Community level

    Stress management
    Learn decision making techniques
    Developing time management skills
    Undertaking regular
    physical exercise
    Progressive muscular relaxation
    Yoga and meditation
    Individual level

    Family acts as the first support system for an
    individual.
    Children model their parents behaviours, including
    those related to managing stress.
    Having regular conversations can help
    a family work together to better
    understanding and address any stress.
    Family level


    Focus has been more on work related stress.
    Sakhi/saheli programme under Rajiv Gandhi
    scheme for empowerment of adolescent girls.
    Stress management programme in colleges.
    Community level
    1. WHO AFMCs Textbook of Public health and
    community medicine .
    2. T Bhaskar Rao s Textbook of Community
    Medicine
    3. Dr. B Sridhar Rao Principles of Community
    Medicine.
    4. WHO India work related stress.
    6. Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for empowerment of
    Adolescent (Sabla) Handbook.




    References

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