Presentation On Piperack
Presentation On Piperack
Presentation On Piperack
28-August-2013
Prepared by
Eng. Abdussalam Al-Zahrani
Outline
Introduction
Concept for Design
Steps for Design
Loading
Analysis & Design
Pipe Rack Design Flow Chart
Introduction
Pipe Racks typically support pipes, power cables
and instrument cable trays in petrochemical,
chemical and power plants. Occasionally, pipe
racks may also support mechanical equipment.
Cont.
Pipe rack is a structure made of steel, concrete or
both, i.e. hybrid structure that supporting :Layer or layers of piping.
Electrical and instrument cable tray.
Mechanical Equipment if any.
Concept of Design
Structural components of the pipe rack must be capable
of resisting the axial loads, shears, moments, and torsion
produced by the load combinations given in Section 5.0
of SABP-M-007.
The pipe support framing system is designed as rigid
frame bents with fixed or pinned bases in the transverse
Geometry
The main components of the Pipe Rack are
Transverse
beams
Longitudinal
beam
Columns
Vertical
bracing
Loading
Types of load can be classified as follows:
Dead Load (Ds, De, Do and Dt)
Wind Load (W, Wp)
2.1
Loading Tree
Self-Weight
Operation
Dead
Types of Loads
Empty
Live
Test
Wind
Operation
Earthquake
Empty
Temperature
Thermal
Anchor
Friction
2.2
Piping Loads
Operating dead load (Do): A uniformly distributed load
of 40 psf (1.9 kPa, kN/m2) for piping, product, and
insulation.
Empty dead load (De): 60% of the estimated piping
operating loads shall be used. (To check uplift with Wind or Earthquake)
Test Load Dt: The test load shall be defined as the gravity
2.2
Piping Loads
For any pipe larger than
12-inch (304-mm) nominal
diameter, a concentrated
load, including the weight
uniformly
distributed
2.3
Empty
dead load
and
2.4
Wind load
F = qz G Cf Ae
Wind Load
2.4
Velocity Pressure qz
qz = 0.613 Kz Kzt KdV I (N/m2)
Wind Load
2.4
Wind Load
2.4
2.5
Thermal Loads
Ff = Friction Forces: 10% of total piping loads on
local supporting beam, 5% of total piping loads
acting on struts, braced, anchor frame, column and
foundation.
Af = Anchor Forces: Anchor and guide forces and
locations shall be obtained from the piping stress
analysis.
T = Temperature Force:
Design tem. = Highest Temp. Lowest Temp. + Metal Temp
*Highest & Lowest Mean Temp can be taken from SAES-A-112.
*Metal Temp can be estimated at 20Co
2.6
Earthquake
V = Cs x W
Cs : The Earthquake Response Coefficient
W : The Effective Earthquake Weight.
Determination of Cs
CS
=SDS / ( R / I )
CS
=SD1 / { Ta x ( R / I ) }
Earthquake
2.6
Earthquake Data
Short Period Acceleration Ss
(Ref. SAES-A-112_Appendix)
(Ref. SABP-M-007_4.4.4)
= 2/3x Fa x Ss
SD1
= 2/3x Fv x S1
Load Combination
Multiplier
Description
Ds + Do + Ff + T + Af
1.00
Ds + Do + Af + (W or 0.7 Eo)
1.00
Ds + Dec + W
1.00
4a
1.00
4b
1.00
Ds + Dt + Wp
1.20
Notes:
a. Wind forces normally need not be considered in the longitudinal direction because friction
and anchor loads will normally govern.
b. Earthquake forces shall be applied in both transverse and longitudinal directions, but need not
be applied simultaneously.
c. 0.6Do is used as a good approximation of the empty pipe condition De.
d. Full Ds + Do value shall be used for the calculation of E in Load Comb. 4a.
e. Test Weight + Partial Wind normally is required only for local member design because hydrotest
is not normally done on all pipes simultaneously.
SABP-M-007 Page 15
Load Combination
Description
4a
4b
Test Weight
Notes:
a. Wind forces normally need not be considered in the longitudinal direction because friction
and anchor loads will normally govern.
b. Earthquake forces shall be applied in both transverse and longitudinal directions, but need not
be applied simultaneously.
c. 0.6Do is used as a good approximation of the empty pipe condition De.
d. Full Ds + Do value shall be used for the calculation of E in Load Comb. 4a.
e. Test Weight + Partial Wind normally is required only for local member design because hydrotest
is not normally done on all pipes simultaneously.
SABP-M-007 Page 16
PIPING
2D Sketch by
piping (x-section
of pipe rack)
Preliminary 3D
modeling for pipe
rack in study zone
Support markup
or anchor bay
identification
Routing
change or loop
requirement in
layout
NO
Piping load
input to
structural
Is this layout
acceptable?
PIPING
STRUCTURAL
Preliminary stress
analysis of critical
lines
STRUCTURAL
Structural design
(member size /
spacing based
on piping load
input
NO
Check if
member
span& design
by structural is
acceptable &
clash free?
Is there
any
change
in piping
load?
Re- arrange
support & system
if required
YES
3D modeling for
pipe rack / Bridge
by structural
(StaadPro)
Communicate revised
piping load to structural
Pipe Rack
layout
finalization
Any
structure
pipe support
/ Additional
member
required?
NO
Information to
designers for DWGs
Loading
Spread Sheet
Wind
StaadPro
Spread Sheet
Types
Seismic
StaadPro
Spread Sheet
Thermal
StaadPro
References
SAES-A-112
SABP-M-007
SABP-M-006
ASCE 7
Thank You