Chapter 06
Chapter 06
Chapter 06
FIGURE 6-4 (a) Note the discovery as the air filter housing was opened during service
on a Pontiac Bonneville. The nuts were obviously deposited by squirrels (or some
other animal). (b) Not only was the housing filled with nuts, but also this air filter was
extremely dirty, indicating that this vehicle had not been serviced for a long time.
Automotive Fuel and Emissions Control Systems, 2/e
By James D. Halderman and Jim Linder
FIGURE 6-5 A resonance tube, called a Helmholtz resonator, is used on the intake
duct between the air filter and the throttle body to reduce air intake noise during
engine acceleration.
Automotive Fuel and Emissions Control Systems, 2/e
By James D. Halderman and Jim Linder
FIGURE 6-8 The graph shows the effect of sonic tuning of the intake manifold
runners. The longer runners increase the torque peak and move it to a lower
RPM. The 600-mm-long intake runner is about 24 inches long.
Automotive Fuel and Emissions Control Systems, 2/e
By James D. Halderman and Jim Linder
FIGURE 6-9 Airflow through the large diameter upper intake manifold is
distributed to smaller diameter individual runners in the lower manifold in this
two-piece manifold design.
Automotive Fuel and Emissions Control Systems, 2/e
By James D. Halderman and Jim Linder
VARIABLE INTAKES
Many intake manifolds are
designed to provide both
short runners, best for
higher engine speed power,
and longer runners, best for
lower engine speed torque.
FIGURE 6-12 The exhaust gas recirculation system is more efficient at controlling
NOX emissions if the exhaust gases are cooled. A long metal tube between the
exhaust manifold and the intake manifold allows the exhaust gases to cool before
entering the engine.
Automotive Fuel and Emissions Control Systems, 2/e
By James D. Halderman and Jim Linder
FIGURE 6-18 An exhaust manifold spreader tool is a tool that is absolutely necessary
to use when reinstalling exhaust manifolds. When they are removed from the engine,
they tend to warp slightly even though the engine is allowed to cool before being
removed. The spreader tool allows the technician to line up the bolt holes without doing
any harm to the manifold.
Automotive Fuel and Emissions Control Systems, 2/e
By James D. Halderman and Jim Linder
MUFFLERS
Sound is air vibration.
When the vibrations are large, the sound is loud.
FIGURE 6-19 Exhaust gases expand and cool as they travel through the passages in the muffler.
Automotive Fuel and Emissions Control Systems, 2/e
By James D. Halderman and Jim Linder
FIGURE 6-21 A high-performance aftermarket air filter often can increase airflow
into the engine for more power.
Automotive Fuel and Emissions Control Systems, 2/e
By James D. Halderman and Jim Linder
SUMMARY
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Why is it necessary to have intake charge
velocities of about 50 feet per second?
2. Why can fuel-injected engines use larger (and
longer) intake manifolds and still operate at low
engine speed?
3. What is a tuned runner in an intake manifold?
4. How does a muffler quiet exhaust noise?
CHAPTER QUIZ
1. Intake charge velocity has to be _____ to prevent
fuel droplet separation.
a)
b)
c)
d)
CHAPTER QUIZ
1. Intake charge velocity has to be _____ to prevent
fuel droplet separation.
a)
b)
c)
d)
CHAPTER QUIZ
2. The intake manifold of a port fuel-injected engine
_____.
a) Uses a dual heat riser
b) Contains a leaner airfuel mixture than does the intake
manifold of a TBI system
c) Contains only fuel (gasoline)
d) Contains only air
CHAPTER QUIZ
2. The intake manifold of a port fuel-injected engine
_____.
a) Uses a dual heat riser
b) Contains a leaner airfuel mixture than does the intake
manifold of a TBI system
c) Contains only fuel (gasoline)
d) Contains only air
CHAPTER QUIZ
3. Why are the EGR gases cooled before entering
the engine on some engines?
a) Cool exhaust gas is more effective at controlling NOX
emissions
b) To help prevent the exhaust from slowing down
c) To prevent damage to the intake valve
d) To prevent heating the airfuel mixture in the cylinder
CHAPTER QUIZ
3. Why are the EGR gases cooled before entering
the engine on some engines?
a) Cool exhaust gas is more effective at controlling
NOX emissions
b) To help prevent the exhaust from slowing down
c) To prevent damage to the intake valve
d) To prevent heating the airfuel mixture in the cylinder
CHAPTER QUIZ
4. A heated air intake system is usually necessary
for proper cold-engine driveability on _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)
CHAPTER QUIZ
4. A heated air intake system is usually necessary
for proper cold-engine driveability on _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)
CHAPTER QUIZ
5. Air filters can remove particles and dirt as small as
_____.
a)
b)
c)
d)
5 to 10 microns
10 to 25 microns
30 to 40 microns
40 to 50 microns
CHAPTER QUIZ
5. Air filters can remove particles and dirt as small as
_____.
a)
b)
c)
d)
5 to 10 microns
10 to 25 microns
30 to 40 microns
40 to 50 microns
CHAPTER QUIZ
6. Why do many port fuel-injected engines use long
intake manifold runners?
a)
b)
c)
d)
CHAPTER QUIZ
6. Why do many port fuel-injected engines use long
intake manifold runners?
a)
b)
c)
d)
CHAPTER QUIZ
7. Exhaust passages are included in some intake
manifolds. Technician A says that the exhaust
passages are used for exhaust gas recirculation
(EGR) systems. Technician B says that the
exhaust heat is used to warm the intake charge on
some engines equipped with a throttle-body-type
fuel-injection system. Which technician is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Technician A only
Technician B only
Both Technicians A and B
Neither Technician A nor B
Automotive Fuel and Emissions Control Systems, 2/e
By James D. Halderman and Jim Linder
CHAPTER QUIZ
7. Exhaust passages are included in some intake
manifolds. Technician A says that the exhaust
passages are used for exhaust gas recirculation
(EGR) systems. Technician B says that the
exhaust heat is used to warm the intake charge on
some engines equipped with a throttle-body-type
fuel-injection system. Which technician is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Technician A only
Technician B only
Both Technicians A and B
Neither Technician A nor B
Automotive Fuel and Emissions Control Systems, 2/e
By James D. Halderman and Jim Linder
CHAPTER QUIZ
8. The lower portion of a two-part intake manifold is
often called the _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Housing
Lower part
Plenum
Vacuum chamber
CHAPTER QUIZ
8. The lower portion of a two-part intake manifold is
often called the _____.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Housing
Lower part
Plenum
Vacuum chamber
CHAPTER QUIZ
9. Technician A says that a cracked exhaust manifold
can affect engine operation. Technician B says
that a leaking lower intake manifold gasket could
cause a vacuum leak. Which technician is
correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Technician A only
Technician B only
Both Technicians A and B
Neither Technician A nor B
CHAPTER QUIZ
9. Technician A says that a cracked exhaust manifold
can affect engine operation. Technician B says
that a leaking lower intake manifold gasket could
cause a vacuum leak. Which technician is
correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Technician A only
Technician B only
Both Technicians A and B
Neither Technician A nor B
CHAPTER QUIZ
10. Technician A says that some intake manifolds are
plastic. Technician B says that some intake
manifolds are constructed in two parts or sections:
upper and lower. Which technician is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Technician A only
Technician B only
Both Technicians A and B
Neither Technician A nor B
CHAPTER QUIZ
10. Technician A says that some intake manifolds are
plastic. Technician B says that some intake
manifolds are constructed in two parts or sections:
upper and lower. Which technician is correct?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Technician A only
Technician B only
Both Technicians A and B
Neither Technician A nor B