Hfss

HFSS (HIGH FREQUENCY STRUCTURAL
SIMULATOR ) TUTORIAL
BY
Dr. Ravi Kumar Gangwar
Asst. Prof.
Department of Electronics Engineering
I.S.M.Dhanbad, Jharkhand
1
Flow Of Presentation
Introduction Of HFSS.
Flow Chart for Design in HFSS.
Algorithm for Design in HFSS.
Design Example For HFSS.
DRA(Dielectric Resonator Antenna) with coaxial feed.
DRA with microstrip feed.
What is HFSS ?
HFSS is an interactive software package for
calculating the electromagnetic behavior of a
structure.
Using HFSS we can compute: Basic electromagnetic field quantities and, for open
boundary problems, radiated near and far fields.
Characteristic port impedances and propagation
constants.
Generalized S-parameters and S-parameters
renormalized to specific port impedances.
How to proceed for a project in HFSS?

We are expected to draw the structure, specify
material characteristics for each object, and
identify
ports
and
special
surface
characteristics. HFSS then generates the
necessary field solutions and associated port
characteristics and S-parameters.
As we set up the problem, HFSS allows us to
specify whether to solve the problem at one
specific frequency or at several frequencies
within a range.
System Requirement for HFSS

o Supported Platforms: Windows XP Professional (32-bit and 64-bit)
Windows Server 2003 (32-bit and 64-bit)
Windows Vista Service Pack 1 (32-bit and 64-bit)
o Minimum System Requirements: Processor: All fully compatible 686 (or later)
instruction set processors, 500 MHz
Hard Drive Space (for HFSS software): 200 MB
RAM: 512 MB
Flow Chart for Design a Project in HFSS

Start
Design geometrical structure of our project and assign related
material for each shaped element according to our project
Assign boundary, excitation (lumped port, wave port)
Go for Analysis setup(Assign the frequency
sweep range and solution frequency)
Run the designed structure and analyze the results
End
Algorithm for Design a Project in HFSS

Start.
Open HFSS software .
Insert Geometrical Project design.
Assign material for each element of the project.
Assign radiation boundary for the Designed structure .
Give the excitation(lumped port and wave port) to the
designed structure.
7. Go for the analysis setup (assign frequency sweep
range and solution frequency).
8. Run the project and analyzed the results.
9. Stop.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Design Example For HFSS

o DRA(dielectric Resonator Antenna)
Open the software :It will open the new window which looks like this.
Elements of HFSS Window:-
Open new project:When we will open the software it will automatically open a
new project window, just rename as per our requirement(rdra) .
Save the project:Go to file click on save as it will save the project
where ever we want depend upon our requirement .
Set the drawing unit before we start design

Go to modeler in menu and click on units
it will one unit window select our required
unit normally we select mm
Take ground plane: For taking ground plane select Draw Box
from the toolbar, if it is not available in
toolbar than bring cursor to toolbar and
by right click on mouse at anywhere in
toolbar it will give us list in that click tick
on 3D Draw solid. Or go to menu in that
click on draw and then click box.
Our aim is draw 50x50x3 ground plane .
We want it should look in center.
Ground plane of 50x50x3
Change the name of box.

For that go to history tree in that double click on
box1 and change the name as ground
change the dimension of box as 50x50x3

For that go to the history tree and expand ground in that double
click on create box .Now we will get one small window in that
change position ,x size , y size and z size as shown in below.
Assign the material for ground.

For assigning the material right click on grnd
and select pec material.
Draw rectangular DRA with dimension

of 10x10x10(Length x Width x Height).
Do same as ground for rename and dimensions
Assign material for rdra.
For that repeat same but select rdra from history tree
and select add new material (dielectric constant is 20)
Designing of Coaxial probe for feeding

Rectangular DRA.
For designing of Coaxial feed first we will calculate Coaxial
parameter.
Inner Diameter-D1
Outer Diameter-D2
Dielectric material- Teflon
Conductor material- Pec
Calculation of Coaxial Probe parameter:Go to the below link and enter the data as impedance
50 and dielectric material constant 2.1(teflon).
http://www1.sphere.ne.jp/i-lab/ilab/tool/cx_line_e.htm
Designing of dielectric part for coaxial probe:Select cylinder dimension of 2 mm radius with 3 mm height
and subtract with ground which will create hole of taken
cylinder , now again take same dimension cylinder.
How to do subtraction from one shape to other

shape:Select both shape from the history tree and perform
subtract operation .
Designing of conductor part for coaxial probe:-
Select one cylinder dimension of 0.6 mm radius and

7 mm height and subtract from dielectric part which
will create hole of required dimension ,
now again select one cylinder of the same dimension.
Designing of radiation box:Take one box dimension of 50 mm x 50 mm x 50 mm

which will a vacuum .
Radiation box :-
Cont
Assigning of port for excitation of coaxial probe:Take one circle to cover the coaxial feed point so
that we can assign the port.
Cont
Assign wave port as excitation, select circle form history
tree and right click on that select assign excitation in that
again select Wave port .
Cont
Now we need to define integration line as new line
manually we need to define the line from center to
circumference.
Cont
After define integration line, it will be defined
which is showing in below figure.
Cont
It will give the impedance of 50 .
Cont
Wave port will looks like that after assigning.
Analysis setup:Go to HFSS and click on that and select analysis

setup in that click on add solution setup.
Cont...
After clicking on add solution setup we will
get above window in that we need to specify
following:Maximum number of passes- 5 to 20(depends
upon how much fine result we want)
Maximum delta S- 0.02
Cont
Add frequency sweep:Go to HFSS and click on that and select analysis
setup in that click on add frequency sweep.
Cont
After getting the above window we need to do
following changes depends upon our requirement :Sweep name sweep
Sweep type- fast
Type linear count
Cont
Validation
check:Click on validate.
Analysis of
structure:Click on analysis all.
Result:Go to HFSS and click on results tab.
S11 versus frequency curve :It will show the return loss versus frequency curve.
Calculation of Resonant frequency

and Bandwidth:Bandwidth= (m2-m1) Hz
Resonant frequency=m3 Hz
Calculation of far field pattern:For far field calculation we need to define

radiation .
Go to project tree select radiation and right click
on that than we will get some option in that select
insert far field setup , and select infinite sphere.
Cont
3-D radiation pattern :For getting the 3-D radiation patter ,

go to HFSS then select results then select create far
field report than select 3-D polar plot.
Designing of rectangular DRA with

microstrip feeding
Selection of ground
Select ground of given parameter as
box from the tool bar
Cont
Ground material will be copper or pec.
Substrate selection
Substrate is going to keep on ground it can be select
depend upon market availability, here we are keeping
0.8mm thick.
Cont
For substrate we will FR4 material,
which dielectric constant is 4.4
Rectangular DRA
Rectangular DRA dimension is 10mmx10mmx10mm
is selected and kept on substrate .
Cont
Here we are choosing dielectric constant of 20

for Rectangular DRA.
Microstrip feed line

For the calculation of width of microstrip line
we will follow below slide.
How to calculate parameter of microstrip

line.
We know that
Substrate thickness (h)=0.8mm
Substrate dielectric constant( r)=4.4
Microstrip line thickness=0.035mm
Resonant frequency=4.5 GHz
Impedance = 50
By substituting these value in online
calculator we can get the width of microstrip
line.
Designing of Microstrip feed for

Rectangular DRA.
Calculation of parameter :http://www1.sphere.ne.jp/i-lab/ilab/tool/ms_line_e.htm
Cont
Microstrip line material will be same as ground
and thickness will be also same as ground.
Designing of feed point for microstrip line:Feed point will be design by one rectangular sheet
which dimension will be decided by below formula.
Dimension of sheet
Cont
Sheet will be used for assigning of wave port.
Assigning of wave port: Assign wave port as excitation, select sheet in that
rectangular form history tree and right click on that
select assign excitation in that again select Wave
port .
Do the same as coaxial probe feed.
Cont
It will give the 50 impedance.
Radiation box:-
Radiation box dimension will be 50mmx50mmx50mm.
Cont
This radiation box will be assign as radiation boundary.
Radiation boundary:-
Analysis setup:Go to HFSS and click on that and select analysis

setup in that click on add solution setup.
Cont...
After clicking on add solution setup we will
get above window in that we need to specify
following:Maximum number of passes- 5 to 20(depends
upon how much fine result we want)
Maximum delta S- 0.02
Cont
Add frequency sweep:Go to HFSS and click on that and select analysis
setup in that click on add frequency sweep.
Cont
After getting the above window we need to do
following changes depends upon our requirement :Sweep name sweep
Sweep type- fast
Type linear count
Validation
check:Click on validate.
Analysis of
structure:Click on analysis all.
Result:Go to HFSS and click on results tab.
Return loss versus frequency curve:-
Results Calculation
Bandwidth =m2-m1=(4.7-4.4) GHz = 0.3 GHz
Resonant frequency=m3=4.5 GHz
Thank
you

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HFSS (HIGH FREQUENCY STRUCTURAL

How to proceed for a project in HFSS?

System Requirement for HFSS

Flow Chart for Design a Project in HFSS

Algorithm for Design a Project in HFSS

Design Example For HFSS

Elements of HFSS Window:-

Set the drawing unit before we start design

Ground plane of 50x50x3

Change the name of box.

change the dimension of box as 50x50x3

Assign the material for ground.

Draw rectangular DRA with dimension

Assign material for rdra.

Designing of Coaxial probe for feeding

How to do subtraction from one shape to other

Designing of conductor part for coaxial probe:-

Select one cylinder dimension of 0.6 mm radius and

Designing of radiation box:Take one box dimension of 50 mm x 50 mm x 50 mm

Wave port will looks like that after assigning.

Analysis setup:Go to HFSS and click on that and select analysis

Result:Go to HFSS and click on results tab.

Calculation of Resonant frequency

Calculation of far field pattern:For far field calculation we need to define

3-D radiation pattern :For getting the 3-D radiation patter ,

Designing of rectangular DRA with

Here we are choosing dielectric constant of 20

Microstrip feed line

How to calculate parameter of microstrip

Designing of Microstrip feed for

Calculation of parameter :http://www1.sphere.ne.jp/i-lab/ilab/tool/ms_line_e.htm

Radiation box dimension will be 50mmx50mmx50mm.

This radiation box will be assign as radiation boundary.

Analysis setup:Go to HFSS and click on that and select analysis

Result:Go to HFSS and click on results tab.

Return loss versus frequency curve:-

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