Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 29 views

    Chain Survey2

    Uploaded by

    RajanRanjan
    Chain surveying is the simplest surveying method that involves measuring distances without taking angular measurements. The area is divided into a network of triangles defined by the measured sides. Main survey stations are located at triangle vertices and tie stations are intermediate points. Common equipment includes measuring chains, tapes, arrows and a cross-staff. Chains are typically 20 or 30 meters long with links every 20 cm and tallies every 5 meters. Tapes are reinforced linen or metallic. Triangles should be well-conditioned with no angle less than 30 degrees or greater than 120 degrees.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Chain Survey2

    Uploaded by

    RajanRanjan
    29 views11 pages
    Chain surveying is the simplest surveying method that involves measuring distances without taking angular measurements. The area is divided into a network of triangles defined by the measured sides. Main survey stations are located at triangle vertices and tie stations are intermediate points. Common equipment includes measuring chains, tapes, arrows and a cross-staff. Chains are typically 20 or 30 meters long with links every 20 cm and tallies every 5 meters. Tapes are reinforced linen or metallic. Triangles should be well-conditioned with no angle less than 30 degrees or greater than 120 degrees.

    Original Description:

    Chain Survey2

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Chain surveying is the simplest surveying method that involves measuring distances without taking angular measurements. The area is divided into a network of triangles defined by the measured sides. Main survey stations are located at triangle vertices and tie stations are intermediate points. Common equipment includes measuring chains, tapes, arrows and a cross-staff. Chains are typically 20 or 30 meters long with links every 20 cm and tallies every 5 meters. Tapes are reinforced linen or metallic. Triangles should be well-conditioned with no angle less than 30 degrees or greater than 120 degrees.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    29 views11 pages

    Chain Survey2

    Uploaded by

    RajanRanjan
    Chain surveying is the simplest surveying method that involves measuring distances without taking angular measurements. The area is divided into a network of triangles defined by the measured sides. Main survey stations are located at triangle vertices and tie stations are intermediate points. Common equipment includes measuring chains, tapes, arrows and a cross-staff. Chains are typically 20 or 30 meters long with links every 20 cm and tallies every 5 meters. Tapes are reinforced linen or metallic. Triangles should be well-conditioned with no angle less than 30 degrees or greater than 120 degrees.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    Measuring Wheels

    Tape and Chain

    Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) Systems

    EDMs are very useful in measuring distances that


    are difficult to access or long distances

    Chain Surveying
    Chain surveying the simplest method of surveying in which only linear
    measurements are made and no angular measurements are taken.
    The area to be surveyed is divided into a number of triangles and the sides
    of the triangles are directly measured in the field.
    Since the triangle is a simple plane geometrical figure, it can be plotted
    from the measured length of its sides alone.
    In chain surveying, a NETWORK of TRIANGLES is preferred.
    Preferably all the sides of a triangle should be nearly equal having each
    angle nearly 60o to ensure minimum distortion due to errors in
    measurement of sides and plotting.
    Generally such an ideal condition is not practical always.
    Usually attempt should be made to have WELL CONDITIONED TRIANGLES
    in which no angle is smaller than 30 o and no angle is greater than 120o.

    Chain Surveying
    The arrangement of triangles to be adopted in the field depends
    on the shape, topography and the natural or artificial
    OBSTACLES met with.
    Chain surveying is suitable for the following cases:
    1. Ground fairly level and open with simple details
    2. Large scale plans (1 cm = 10 m)
    3. Extent of the area comparatively small
    Chain surveying is unsuitable for the following cases:
    4. Area crowded with many details
    5. Wooded countries
    6. Undulating areas
    7. Extent of large area

    Chain Surveying
    Definitions:
    Main survey stations
    - Is a point where TWO SIDES OF A
    TRIANGLE MEET.
    - THESE ARE THE POINTS AT THE
    BEGINNING AND AT THE END OF THE
    CHAIN LINE.
    Tie stations (or) subsidiary stations:
    - These are the points selected on the main
    survey lines for running auxiliary lines.
    Main survey lines:
    - These are chain lines joining the main

    Chain Surveying
    Definitions:
    Base Line
    - the longest of the main survey line
    - various survey stations are plotted w.r.t. this
    line.
    Check Lines:
    - Those lines which are run to check the accuracy
    of the field work are called as check lines or
    proof lines.
    - The length of the check line in the plan must
    agree with its measured length in the field.
    - each triangle must be provided with a check

    Chain Surveying

    Tape and Chain

    Chain Surveying
    Metric surveying chains:
    Length of chain: 20 m or 30 m
    Number of links per meter length : 5
    Length of each link : 20 cm
    Tallies are provided at every 5 m
    Small brass rings are provided at every meter except where
    tallies are provided.
    Metallic tape:
    Length of tape: 20 m or 30 m
    The linen tape is reinforced with fine brass or copper wires
    to prevent stretching or twisting of fibres and is then called
    as a metallic tape.

    Chain Surveying
    Arrows:
    These are also called as marking or chaining pins
    10 arrows are provided along with each chain.
    Used to mark end of the chain during the process of
    chaining.
    Cross Staff: - used to make perpendicular lines

    Basic Trignometry
    A2 + B2 = C 2

    B
    b

    a+ b+ c = 180o

    sin b B / C
    cos b A / C
    tan b B / A

    You might also like