This document provides an overview of human behavior in organizations. It defines human behavior, organizational behavior, and the goals of OB which are to explain, predict, and control behavior. OB studies how individuals and groups behave in organizations and the interaction between people and the organization. Key elements that influence behavior are people, structure, technology, and environment. Understanding OB provides benefits like developing people skills, personal growth, enhancing effectiveness, and refining common sense. It also discusses ethics and ethical issues in organizations. The history of OB is outlined from early civilizations to modern scientists like Taylor, Mayo, Freud, Watson, and Skinner who contributed theories to the field.
This document provides an overview of human behavior in organizations. It defines human behavior, organizational behavior, and the goals of OB which are to explain, predict, and control behavior. OB studies how individuals and groups behave in organizations and the interaction between people and the organization. Key elements that influence behavior are people, structure, technology, and environment. Understanding OB provides benefits like developing people skills, personal growth, enhancing effectiveness, and refining common sense. It also discusses ethics and ethical issues in organizations. The history of OB is outlined from early civilizations to modern scientists like Taylor, Mayo, Freud, Watson, and Skinner who contributed theories to the field.
This document provides an overview of human behavior in organizations. It defines human behavior, organizational behavior, and the goals of OB which are to explain, predict, and control behavior. OB studies how individuals and groups behave in organizations and the interaction between people and the organization. Key elements that influence behavior are people, structure, technology, and environment. Understanding OB provides benefits like developing people skills, personal growth, enhancing effectiveness, and refining common sense. It also discusses ethics and ethical issues in organizations. The history of OB is outlined from early civilizations to modern scientists like Taylor, Mayo, Freud, Watson, and Skinner who contributed theories to the field.
This document provides an overview of human behavior in organizations. It defines human behavior, organizational behavior, and the goals of OB which are to explain, predict, and control behavior. OB studies how individuals and groups behave in organizations and the interaction between people and the organization. Key elements that influence behavior are people, structure, technology, and environment. Understanding OB provides benefits like developing people skills, personal growth, enhancing effectiveness, and refining common sense. It also discusses ethics and ethical issues in organizations. The history of OB is outlined from early civilizations to modern scientists like Taylor, Mayo, Freud, Watson, and Skinner who contributed theories to the field.
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HUMAN BEHAVIOR
ORGANIZATION
It has become clear that the quality
and quantity of the output of the individual, group, or the organization depend heavily on the actions of the person. It follows that those who have knowledge of human behavior are better equipped to interact with individuals, groups, or organization.
WHAT IS HUMAN BEHAVIOR?
Human behavior refers to the
physical actions of a person that can be seen or heard such as smiling or whistling. With his thoughts, feelings, emotions and sentiments, the person exhibits behaviors similar or different when he is in or out of the organization.
WHAT IS ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR?
Organizational behavior or OB may
be defined as the study of human behavior in organization, of the interaction between individuals and the organization and of the organization itself.
The 3 Goals of OB
To explain behavior To predict behavior To control behavior
In explaining behavior as a GOAL, OB
needs to systematically describe how people behave under a variety of conditions, and understand why people behave as they do.
The The person person
BEHAVIOR BEHAVIOR
IN IN THE THE ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION
OUTSIDE OUT THE OUTSIDE OUT OF OF THE THE THE ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION
OB must be used to predict behavior
or support can be provided to productive and dedicated employees, and measures could be instituted to control the disruptive and less productive ones.
OB can offer some means for management
to control the behavior of employees. As control is an important component of effective performance, the usefulness of OB must not be overlooked. ELEMENTS OF OB PEOPLE STRUCTURE TECHNOLOGY ENVIRONMENT
PEOPLE The internal social system of the organization is composed of PEOPLE consisting of individual person and groups. The individual person is inducted as a member of a formal group, but soon, he or she may become a member of an informal group.
STRUCTURE Defines the formal relationship of people in the organization. It describes how job tasks are formally divided, grouped, and coordinated.
TECHNOLOGY Refers to the combination of resources, knowledge and techniques with which people work and affect the task that they perform. It consist of buildings, machines, work, processes, and assembled recourses.
ENVIRONMENT Refers to the institutions of forces outside the organization that potentially affect the organizations performance. It includes suppliers, customers, competitors, government regulatory, agencies,public pressure groups.
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF
STUDYING ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR?
1. 2. 3.
4.
Development of people skills;
Personal growth; Enhancement of organizational and individual effectiveness; and Sharpening and refinement of common sense.
Development of people skills
THERE ARE 2 TYPES OF SKILLS THAT A PERSON WILL NEED TO SUCCEED IN HIS CHOSEN CAREER: 1. the skill in doing his work; and 2. The skill in relating with people.
A person who is much adept in the
performance of his work may be successful up to a certain extent, but he will require another skill to make other people believe that he should be more successful than his current achievement.
PERSONAL GROWTH Personal growth makes a person highly competitive in the workplace. The chance to achieve personal growth is enhanced by the knowledge of OB will help the person understand his own behavior. A person who strives to know him/herself better is entering the realm of intrapersonal intelligence, which is a very useful type of intelligence for one who wants to achieve his personal goals. Intrapersonal thinking maybe described briefly as one possessed by a person with highly accurate understanding of himself/herself.
ENHANCEMENT OF ORGANIZARIONAL AND INDIVIDUAL EFFECTIVENESS Effectiveness is a major attribute of successful organizations, as well as individuals. When the right decisions are made, effectiveness follows. In decision making, knowledge of OB can be very useful.
SHARPENING AND REFINEMENT
OF COMMON SENSE People differ in the degree of common sense they posses. Improvements in this type of ability, however, it can be still be made and great benefits can be derived if this is done.
WHAT IS ETHICS? Ethics refers to the set of moral choices a person makes based on what he or ought to do. ORGANIZATIONAL ETHICS These are moral principles that define right or wrong behavior in organizations. ETHICAL BEHAVIOR This refers to behavior that is accepted as morally good and right as opposed to bad and wrong.
What constitutes right and wrong
behavior in organization is determined by: 1. 2. 3. 4.
The public Interest groups Organizations The individuals' personal moral and values
ETHICAL ISSUES There are important ethical issues that confront organizations. They consist of the following: 1. Conflict of interest 2. Fairness and honesty 3. Communication 4. Relationship within the organization
A conflict of interest exist when a person
is in the position of having to decide whether to advance the interests of the organization or to operate in his or her own personal interest. People in organizations are expected to be fair and honest . Ethical behavior demands that, beyond obeying the law, they should not knowingly harm customers, clients, and competitors through deception, coercion, or misinterpretation.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF OB History tells us that behind every major accomplishments of man is some sort of organization. Thousands of years ago, the pyramids and the temples in central and south America were built by workers recruited from among the populace. Whether or not there were attempts to make this types of workers perform better can be subject of inquiry. What we seen in the movies is the whip, which as we understand was designed to make the workers do their assigned tasks.
It is modern history, however, that provide
us with records of how concerned scientists and experts made studies which have direct or indirect bearing to OB. FREDERICK W. TAYLOR Was well known disciple of the scientific management movement. Taylor, used scientific analysis and experiment to increase worker output.
ELTON MAYO and his research team
conducted the HAWTHORNE STUDIES in 1920 to determine what effect hours of work, periods of rests and lighting might have on worker fatigue and productivity.
A psychologist SIGMUND FREUD who
brought the idea that people are motivated by far more than conscious logical reasoning. Freud believed that irrational motives make up the hidden subconscious mind, which determines the major part of peoples behavior.
Through an approach called BEHAVIORISM,
another eminent psychologist, J.B. Watson, formulated the theory about learned behavior. This theory indicates that a person can be trained to behave according to the wish of the trainer. B.F. SKINNER extended Watson's theory with his own theory of behavior modification. Skinner concluded that when people receive a positive stimulus like money or praise for what they have done, they will tend to repeat their behavior. When they are ignored and receive no response to the action, they will not be inclined to repeat it.
OB is not an instant invention of man.
Instead, it is a product of several stages of inquiry into how people behave and how they can be managed to be more productive. Personalities, great and small. The development of OB has not stopped, however, and the process is still ongoing. If the organization is expected to survive, its actions must be in consonance with ethical behavior.
