Chapter 6 Module Algebraic Expressions III
Chapter 6 Module Algebraic Expressions III
Chapter 6 Module Algebraic Expressions III
UNGKAPAN ALGEBRA II
.
02/20/16
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Permudahkan ungkapan
algebra yang berikut
a.) 2g 5a + 3g
= 2g + 3g 5a
= 5g 5a
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Sebutan serupa
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Sebutan tak
serupa
b.) w + 2u 5w 3u
= w 5w + 2u 3u
= - 4w
u
c.) 5h + 1 + h + 9
= 5h + h + 1 + 9
= 6h + 10
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CUBA
1.)7X 3Y 2X 2Y
= 7X 2X 3Y 2Y
= 5X 5Y
2.) 3a 2b + 5a 6b
= 3a + 5a 2b 6b
= 8a 8b
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a.) 2 ( - 3b )
= 2 X -3b
=-6b
b.) 2a ( - 4b )
= - 2a X -4b
= 8 ab
c.) 3 a ( 3 b )
= 3a X 3b
= 9 ab
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d.) 4 c ( 3 c )
= - 4 c X 3c
= - 12 c
5
Try u best
1.) 5 ( - 4 w )
= - 20 w
3.) 4w ( - 3 w )
= - 12 w
2.) 8b ( 3c )
= 24 bc
3.) - 5a ( - 2 a )
= 10 a
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BAB 6
4
1
7y
3x 15
3
(3x + 2)(5x
1)
x y
x+y
2
)
y
5
+
- (x
)
y
3
8x +
(
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X 2 + 1 2x + 8
2x 5y
3 6
a) -3x ( 3x 4y)
= - 9x2 + 12xy
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a) - 3 ( 3x 4y)
= - 9x + 12y
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Contoh :
3x X 3x a) 3x ( 3x 4y)
= 9x
3x
- 4y
3x
- 12xy
9 x
3x X - 4y
= - 12xy
a) 3x ( 3x 4y) = 9x - 12xy
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SOALAN 1 : 2 ( 3x 5 )
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SOALAN 2 : d ( e + 4d )
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SOALAN 3 : - 4m ( 2 m )
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SOALAN 4 : - 3p ( p 5q )
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SOALAN 5 :- 5x ( 2z y 3x )
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SOALAN 6 : 2e ( 3e f + 2g )
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SOALAN :
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Mendarab setiap
sebutan dalam tanda
kurung pertama
dengan tiap-tiap
sebutan dalam tanda
kurung kedua.
17
Contoh 3 :
(x y) (3x + 5y)
x
-y
3x
+ 5y
3 x
+5xy
- 3 xy
- 5y
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SOALAN 1 : ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 )
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SOALAN 2 : ( x 3 ) ( x 4 )
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SOALAN 3 : ( 2x 5 ) ( 3x + 2 )
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SOALAN 4 : ( 3x 4 ) ( 2x 3 )
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SOALAN 5 : ( 8 e ) ( 2 + e )
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SOALAN 6 : ( 5h 3k ) ( 2h k )
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SOALAN 7 : ( 2x 5y ) ( 2x + 3y )
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SOALAN 8 : ( x + 5 ) =
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SOALAN 9 : ( 2x 3 ) =
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SOALAN 10 : ( 3x y ) =
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SOALAN :
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( 2a b) m
( a 3b) m
Hitung luas, dalam m, ruang tamu rumah
Encik Maniam
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6.1
Expanding Brackets
Method 1:
(a + b)2
(a + b) means
the square of
(a + b)
2
= (a + b) (a +b)
= a2 + ab + ba + b2
Like terms can be simplified
= a2 + 2ab + b2
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Method 2:
Square the first term a, in the
bracket
+
Multiply all the terms, 2, a and b
+
square the second term b, in the
bracket
(a + b)2
= a2 + (2 x a x b) + b2
= a2 + 2ab + b2
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6.1
Expanding Brackets
Method 1:
(a - b)2
(a - b) means
the square of
(a - b)
2
= (a - b) (a - b)
= a2 - ab - ba + b2
Like terms can be simplified
= a2 - 2ab + b2
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Method 2:
Square the first term a, in the
bracket
+
Multiply all the terms, 2, a and -b
+
square the second term -b, in the
bracket
(a - b)2
= a2 + (2 x a x -b) + -b2
= a2 - 2ab + b2
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6.1
Expanding Brackets
Method 1:
(2r + 3s)2
Method 2:
Square the first term 2r, in the
bracket
+
Multiply the terms, 2, 2r and 3s
+
square the second term 3s, in
the bracket
(2r + 3s)2
= (2r)2+ (2x2rx3s)+ (3s)2
= 4r2 +12rs + 9s2
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6.1
Expanding Brackets
Method 1:
(m 2n)2
(m 2n) means
the square of
(m 2n)
2
= (m 2n) (m 2n)
= m2 - 2mn - 2mn + 4n2
Like terms can be simplified
= m2 4mn + 4n2
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Method 2:
Square the first term m, in the
bracket
+
Multiply the terms, 2, m and -2n
+
square the second term -2n, in
the bracket
(m 2n)2
= m2 + (2xmx-2n)+(-2n)2
= m2 - 4mn + 4n2
35
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3pq = 1 x 3pq
= 3 x pq
Thus, the
factors of 3pq =
1, 3, p, q, 3p,
3q, pq, and 3pq
= p x 3q
= q x 3p
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Number 3 must be
multiplied
each term
Factors
of ato term
is the
in the bracket,
divided by 3. So, 3
number
termsfactor
that
is aor
common
of
9a + 3b
can
Factorise:
= 9a + 3b
= 3(3a + b)
Expand
3(3a + b)
9a + 3b
Factorise
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= 3(xy2 + 4x2y)
= 3xy(y + 4x)
= 3x(y2 + 4xy)
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x2 y2
4a2 b2
p2q2 16
9 25m2
1 m2
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x2
32 x2y4
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6.2
x 2 y2
= (x y) (x + y)
Example 1: Factorise of the following.
4a2 b2
4a2 = (2a)2
= (2a)2 b2
= (2a b ) (2a + b)
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x 2 y2
= (x y) (x + y)
Example 2: Factorise of the following.
1 = 12
1 m2
= 12 m2
= (1 m ) (1 + m)
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x 2 y2
= (x y) (x + y)
Example 3: Factorise of the following.
16 = 42
p2q2 = (pq)2
p2q2 16
= (pq)2 42
= (pq 4 ) (pq + 4)
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x 2 y2
= (x
y) (x
y)
Example
4: +
Factorise
of the following.
= ( )2
x2
= x2 ( ) 2
= (x ) ( x + )
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6.2
x 2 y2
= Example
(x y) 5:
(x Factorise
+ y) of the following.
9 = 32
25m2 = (5m)2
9 25m2
= 32 (5m)2
= (3 5m ) (3 + 5m)
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6.2
x 2 y2
= (x y) (x + y)
32 x2y4
x2y4 = (xy2)2
= 32 (xy2)2
= (3 xy2 ) (3 + xy2)
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6.2
x2 y2
= (x y) (x + y)
36x2 = (6x)2
121y2 = (11y)2
36x2 121y2
= (6x)2 (11y)2
= (6x 11y ) (6x + 11y)
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x 2 y2
Example
2 2 (x y) (x
+ y) 8:
a4 = (a=
)
4
4
a
b
4
2 2
b = (b )
= (a2)2 (b2)2
= (a2 b2 ) (a2 + b2)
= (a b) (a + b) (a2 + b2)
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6.2
x y
y) (x
Example =
9: (x
Factorise
of +
they)
following.
18 50y2
2
= 2(9 25y2)
= 2[32 (5y)2]
= 2(3 5y) (3 + 5y)
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x 2 y2
= (x 10:y)Factorise
(x + y)of the following.
Example
16 = 42
a 16
4
a4 = (a2)2
= (a2)2 (22)2
= (a2 22 ) (a2 + 22)
= (a 2) (a + 2) (a2 + 4)
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6.2
x2 + 2xy + y2
= (x + y) (x + y)
= (x + y)2
x2 - 2xy + y2
= (x - y) (x - y)
= (x - y)2
a) x2 + 10x + 25
b) x2 - 14x + 49
= x2 + 2(5x) + 52
= x2 - 2(7x) + 72
= (x + 5 )2
= (x - 7)2
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6.2
x2 + 2xy + y2
= (x + y) (x + y)
= (x + y)2
x2 - 2xy + y2
= (x - y) (x - y)
= (x - y)2
a) 9p2 + 6pq + q2
b) x2 - 4xy + 4y2
= (3p)2 + 2(3pq) + q2
= x2 - 2(2xy) + (2y)2
= (3p + q)2
= (x 2y)2
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6.2
ax + ay + bx + by
= (ax + ay) + (bx + by)
= a(x + y) + b(x + y)
= (a + b) (x + y)
Taking out the
common factor
(x + y)
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6.2
4m + 3n - mn - 12
= (4m - mn) + (3n - 12)
= m(4 - n) + 3(n - 4)
= m(4 n) 3(-n + 4)
Taking out the
common factor
(4 n)
= (4 - n) (m - 3)
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6.2
pq + qr - ps - rs
= (pq + qr) - (ps + rs)
= q(p + r) - s(p + r)
= (p + r) (q - s)
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6.2
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6.2
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Change the
expression into
four terms
x2 + 7x + 12
= x2 + 4x + 3x + 12
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Change the
expression into
four terms
x2 + 10x - 39
= x2 + 13x - 3x - 39
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Change the
expression into
four terms
a2 5a - 6
= a2 + 1a 6a - 6
= (a2 + a) - (6a + 6)
= a(a + 1) - 6(a + 1)
= (a - 6) (a + 1)
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Change the
expression into
four terms
m2 11m + 24
= m2 8m 3m + 24
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Tips:
8+1=9
8x1=8
Change the
expression into
four terms
2x2 + 9x + 4
= 2x2 + 8x + 1x + 4
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6.2
x2
y
3x 2
y
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numerator
numerator
Good job!
numerator
numerator
numerator
denominator
denominator
denominator
denominator
denominator
y2 4y + 4
y-2
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4a2 b2
a+b
x2 9
(x3)(x-1)
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6.2
9ab2
3b
Congratulations!
=9xaxbxb
1
1
3xb
=3xaxb
1
= 3ab
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6.2
x 9
x+3
Factorise the
numerator first.
= (x 3) (x 1+ 3)
x+3
=x-3
1
=x-3
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6.2
8 32m
2 - 8m
Factorise the
numerator and the
denominator first.
= 8 1(1 - 4m)
2 (1 - 4m)
Good Job!
= 4(1 4m)
1
1 - 4m
=4
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6.2
3p
6p 9q
Factorise the
denominator first.
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3p____
3(2p 3q)
p
2p 3q
___
1
___ ____
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x + 5x + 6
(x + 3)2
Factorise the
numerator and the
denominator first.
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(x + 3) (x + 3)
= x+2
x+3
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6.3
x + 4x
3
3
Good!
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Solution:
= x + 4x
3
= 5x
3
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Maintain the
denominator
Add the
numerator
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2x + y + 4x 3y
2
2
= 2x + y + (4x-3y)
2
Maintain the
denominator
= 2x + 4x + y 3y
2
Well done!
= 6x 2y
2
1
= 2 (3x 1y)
2
Add or
subtract the
numerators
Simplify
= 3x - y
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3x - 5 - 9x 7
x+2
x+2
= 3x - 5 - (9x - 7)
x+2
= 3x - 9x - 5 + 7
x+2
= - 6x + 2
x+2
The positive
term is always
written in front
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Maintain the
denominator
Add or
subtract the
numerators
= 2 - 6x
x+2
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5a - 3a
7
14
= 5a x 2 3a
7x2
14
= 10a 3a
14
= 7a
14
Well Done!
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= a
2
Let the
denominators
same.
Subtract the
numerators
Simplify
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= mn + n + 4m - 5mn
mn
2
Very
Good!
= 4m2 4mn + n2
mn
numerator and
the
denominator
Add or
subtract the
numerators
= (2m n) (2m n)
mn
= (2m n)2
mn
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Simplify
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6.4
Example 2:
3 ( 4a 5b)
4 ( 3m + 7n)
y
One term
One term
Solution:
Solution:
= 3 x 4a 3 x 5b
= 12a 15b
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Multiply the
numerator
separately
= 4 x 3m + 4 x 7n
y
y
= 12m 28n
y
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Multiply the
numerator
separately
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6.4
4x 8x2 x 15
5
4x
X2 y2 x x
2x
x+y
Two terms
Two terms
Solution:
= (x y)(x + y) x x
1
1
2x
(x+y)
=xy
2
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Solution:
3
1
= 4x (1 2x) x 15
1
1
4x
= 3(1 2x)
= 3 6x
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6.4
r 7
s 2s
(a + b) 3(a + b)
a2 b2
a-b
One term
Solution:
Two terms
= r x 2s
s 7
Solution:
1
= (a + b) x
1
1
= 2r
7
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(a-b)
(a-b)(a+b) 3(a + b)
1
3(a + b)
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6.4
3y2 y
2x
4x
Two terms
Two terms
Solution:
2
2 y
= 3y x 4x
2x 1 y 1
= 6y = 6y
1
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Solution:
= 4(x x2) x 5
5
x-1
-1
1
= 4x(1 x) x 5 1
5 1 x-1
= - 4x
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Thank
You
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