Cargo Supervision - Loading
Cargo Supervision - Loading
Cargo Supervision - Loading
Hold Inspection.
Provisional Stowage Plan
Draft Survey
Sampling
Monitoring during loading
Final Stowage Plan
Sealing of Holds
CARGO SUPERVISIONLOADING
CARGO SUPERVISIONLOADING
WET DAMAGE
WEATHER-TIGHT COVERS
Regulation 3.12 of the International
Load Line Convention 1966 which
states:
Weather-tight. Weather-tight means
that in any sea conditions water will
not penetrate into the ship.
Regulation 16 of the convention
concerns hatches closed by
weather-tight covers.
CHALK TEST
This is the oldest or most traditional method for
testing hold cover compression, but it cannot
test the water tight integrity of the hold.
A layer of chalk powder is applied all over the
steel back of the hatch and then the hatch
cover is closed and tightened to its normal
values.
The impression of chalk on the rubber packing
is then studied to check lack of compression
point shown by gap in the chalk marks.
LIGHT TEST
The simplest means of establishing if a defect exists
and its location is by means of the light test.
The hatches are battened down fully and properly
for seagoing, the surveyor/observer entering the
hold and
viewing the underside of the covers from below. In
strong sunlight defects will/should readily be visible
with daylight shining through any gaps in the
packaging.
If the test is being undertaken during poor light
conditions strong torchlight properly directed from
above will serve the same purpose.
HOSE TEST
The most commonly used of the traditional tests is the
hose or water test whereby a strong jet of pressurised
water is directed at the seams and joints of the hatch
covers.
Hatch covers are battened down fully in the proper
manner and with the surveyor stationed in the hold a
survey assistant must be stationed on deck/top of the
hatch covers to ensure that the water, usually supplied
from the vessels fire main is directed at a constant and
sufficient pressure in the proper direction.
Ideally the hose must be held at a distance no more
than one metre from the joint under test with a
pressure, not less than 200Kn/m2.
HOSE TEST
ULTRASONIC TEST
U/S TESTING
HOLD CLEANLINESS
Suitability of hold compartments for
intended cargo to be loaded.
For edible cargoes care should be taken.
Holds should be free of loose rust or scales
and free of infestation.
Should be hospital clean
Previous cargoes carried and claim
experience
Bilges should be dry and clean. Their suction
test verified
HOLD CLEANING
HOLD STRUCTURALSLADDERS
CLEAN HOLD
CLEAN HOLD
BILGE SUCTION TO BE
VERIFIED
BILGEWELL
PROVISIONAL STOWAGE
PLAN
It gives hatch wise break up of cargo to be
loaded.
Thomas Hand Book of Stowage gives
Stowage Factors of various cargoes.
Stowage Factor indicates how many Cub.
Meters space requires to load one M.T of
cargo( even Cu.ft per Long Ton)
Based on volumes of holds, we can
estimate how much cargo can be loaded
using SF.
DRAFT SURVEY
Draft survey is a method to
determine quantity of bulk cargo
loaded on board, by reading vessels
drafts, calculating displacement
using Hydrostatic Data of vessel,
calculating known weights on board
like Fuel, Lubes, Water and Ballast.
If need be , interim survey to be
conducted.
SAMPLING
Depending of clients requirement,
sampling to be conducted.
Draft survey quantity indicates only
Wet Metric Tonnes.
So based on the continuous sampling
and analysis gives moisture level in
the cargo.
LOADING MONITORING
Any incidents of rain and hatch covers
opened or closed etc to be recorded.
Any damage due to cargo to be isolated
Any foreign matter or dust /dirt in the cargo
to be rejected and removed from holds.
Normally when loading maize, they bleed
the gunny bags and by mistake leave empty
bags in ships holds. Will be problematic at
disport, if they discharge through chute or
evacuators, as bags tend to choke line.
SEALING OF HATCHES
After completion of loading, holds to
be sealed with seals.
This will help ship owner to prove to
cargo interests that whatever cargo
loaded arrived at disport, if seals are
intact and untampered with at
disport.
CONCLUSION
I have covered only major areas of concern.
Survey plan and exercise varies from cargo
to cargo.
A prudent surveyor should keep his eyes
and ears always open.
Bulk cargo supervision like an ocean is
quite vast and I have shared my little
knowledge with you.
Hope this is useful.