The Challenges and Opportunities Facing The Ganga River Basin/ India's River Basins
The Challenges and Opportunities Facing The Ganga River Basin/ India's River Basins
The Challenges and Opportunities Facing The Ganga River Basin/ India's River Basins
By:
Puskal Upadhyay
Director (Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation) &
Additional Mission Director (National Mission for Clean Ganga)
Ganga
Basin
Growing
Population
&
Increasing Water Demand
Energy; 3% Industries; 6%
Domestic; 6%
Irrigation; 85%
contd.
Drain discharging
into river Ganga
contd.
contd.
contd.
Fragmented Management
: 8,61,404 km2
: 1000 km
Sharing length
km
( UP Bihar)
Bihar
: 450 km
: 110
: 405 km
Jharkhand : 40 km
West Bengal
: 520 km
Jharkhand; 50389; 6%
West Bengal; 71489; 8%
Bihar; 93580; 11%
Haryana; 34343; 4%
Rajasthan; 112496; 13%
Chattisgarh; 17907; 2%
M.P.; 181066; 21%
H.P. ; 4317; 1%
Uttarakhand; 52988; 6%
Upper Stretch
Gangotri to
Haridwar
Length : 294 km
Characteristics:
River flows on steep
bed
Turbulent flow with
high velocities
Centre for pilgrim
tourism & spiritual
activities
Mahaseer and Trout
key species
Challenges:
Disruption of natural
flow due to several
HEPs/ dams
Deforestation
Loss of native
medicinal and herbal
plants
Highly sensitive and
fragile ecosystem and
Middle Stretch
Haridwar to
Varanasi
Length : 1082 km
Characteristics:
River enters into
plains
Wide river bed and
flood plain
Active breeding sites
of turtles, crocodiles,
ghariyals, gangetic
dolphins, etc.
Narora Atomic Power
Plant
Challenges:
Huge quantities of
water abstraction and
diversion
High degree of
pollutant loads from
domestic, industrial
and agricultural
activities
Lower Stretch
Varanasi to Ganga
Sagar
Length : 1134 km
Characteristics:
Heavy sediment
transport and
deposition
Meandering river and
frequent change in
channel path
Active breeding sites of
Gangetic Dolphins, etc.
Sunderbans - a
UNESCO World
Heritage Site & home
to Bengal Tiger
Challenges:
Encroachment of river
bed, sand mining, etc.
Frequent floods and
droughts
Large point and nonpoint pollution load
08/09/2014
15
GAP II
NRCP
Extended
Extended from GAP I
in
in 1993
Merged
Merged with NRCP
in
in 1996
Taken
Taken up
up works on
four
four tributaries
Yamuna,
Yamuna, Gomti,
Damodar
Damodar &
Mahananda
Mahananda
Launched in 1995
1995
Covered 41 major
Rivers of the country
8 Ganga
Ganga basin rivers
taken up viz Betwa,
Betwa,
Chambal, Gang.a,
Mahananda,
Mandakini,
Ramganga, Yamuna
Namami Gange
NGRBA
Separate
Separate Authority
for
for Ganga
Ganga created
created
in
in 2009
2009
Chaired
Chaired by
by Prime
Prime
Minister
Minister of
of India
India
NMCG
NMCG as an
implementing
implementing body
body
at
at center
center and
SPMGs
SPMGs at states
Project
Project under
under
Separate
Separate Ministry
Ministry for
for
Ganga
Ganga Rejuvenation
Rejuvenation
All
All 11
11 Basin
Basin states
states
covered
covered
Conservation
Conservation
measures
measures for all
all
tributaries
of
Ganga
tributaries Ganga
Wholesome
River
River Front
Development
Flood-plain
protection &
Sand-Mining
Conservation
of biodiversity
Capacity
Building and
States
participation
Peoples
participation
and creating
awareness
Research and
Monitoring
contd.
Municipal Sewage
Management
River Surface Cleaning
Industrial Pollution
Rural Sanitation
Crematoria
Connecting People with
River
Water Quality Monitoring
Biodiversity Conservation
Aviral Ganga
100% sewerage
treatment
infrastructure for
118 Towns
River Front
Development
Strict
enforcement for
Industrial
pollution
Improved wood-based
crematoria
Massive
Afforestation Drive
River Surface
Cleaning
Treatment of drains
National Commitment
and Priority
Existing Institutions
Sharing of international
experience
Thank
You