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    GSM Overview: by B Pavan Kumar

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    u2bpavankumar
    This presentation gives an overview on architecture of GSM along with evolution of wireless communication

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    GSM Overview: by B Pavan Kumar

    Uploaded by

    u2bpavankumar
    90 views21 pages
    This presentation gives an overview on architecture of GSM along with evolution of wireless communication

    Original Title

    Introduction to GSM

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    This presentation gives an overview on architecture of GSM along with evolution of wireless communication

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    90 views21 pages

    GSM Overview: by B Pavan Kumar

    Uploaded by

    u2bpavankumar
    This presentation gives an overview on architecture of GSM along with evolution of wireless communication

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    GSM Overview

    By
    B Pavan Kumar
    It all started like this
     First telephone (photophone) –
    Alexander Bell, 1880
     The first car mounted radio
    telephone – 1921
    Going further
     1946 – First commercial mobile radio-
    telephone service by Bell and AT&T in
    Saint Louis, USA. Half duplex(PTT)
     1973 – First handheld cellular phone
    – Motorola.
     First cellular net
    Bahrein 1978
    But what’s cellular?
    MSC

    BS

    PSTN HLR, VLR,


    AC, EIR
    Cellular principles
     Frequency reuse – same frequency in
    many cell sites
     Cellular expansion – easy to add new
    cells
     Handover – moving between cells
     Roaming between networks
    Generation Gap
     1G – Analog [routines for sending
    voice]
     All systems are incompatible
     No international roaming
     Little capacity – cannot accommodate
    masses of subscribers
    Generation Gap(2)
     2G – digital [voice encoding]
     Increased capacity
     More security
     Compatibility
     Can use TDMA or CDMA for
    increasing capacity
    TDMA
     Time Division Multiple Access
     Each channel is divided into timeslots,
    each conversation uses one timeslot.
     Many conversations are multiplexed
    into a single channel.
     Used in GSM
    CDMA
     Code Division Multiple Access
     All users share the same frequency all
    the time!
     To pick out the signal of specific user,
    this signal is modulated with a unique
    code sequence.
    Back to Generations
     2.5 G – packet-switching
     Connection to the internet is paid by
    packets and not by connection time.
     Connection to internet is cheaper and
    faster [up to 56KBps]
     The service name is GPRS – General
    Packet Radio Services
    The future is now
     3G
     Permanent web connection at 2Mbps
     Internet, phone and media: 3 in 1
     The standard based on GSM is called
    UMTS.
     The EDGE standard is the
    development of GSM towards 3G.
    GSM
     More than 800 million end users in 190
    countries and representing over 70% of
    today's digital wireless market.
     source: GSM Association
     Israel
     Orange uses GSM
     Pelephone and Cellcom are about to use
    GSM
    GSM Overview
    Introduction the architecture
     Mobile phone is identified by SIM
    card.
     Key feature of the GSM
     Has the “secret” for authentication
    Introduction the architecture contd..,
     BTS – houses the radiotransceivers of
    the cell and handles the radio-link
    protocols with the mobile
     BSC – manages radio resources
    (channel setup, handover) for one or
    more BTSs
    Introduction the architecture
    contd..,
     MSC – Mobile Switching Center
     The central component of the network
     Like a telephony switch plus everything
    for a mobile subscriber: registration,
    authentication, handovers, call routing,
    connection to fixed networks.
     Each switch handles many cells
    Introduction the architecture contd..,
     HLR – database of all users + current
    location. One per network
     VLR – database of users + roamers
    in some geographic area. Caches the
    HLR
     EIR – database of valid equipment
     AuC – Database of users’ secret keys
    More GSM
     GSM comes in three flavors(frequency
    bands): 900, 1800, 1900 MHz. 900 is
    the Orange flavour in Israel.
     Voice is digitized using Full-Rate
    coding.
     20 ms sample => 260 bits . 13 Kbps
    bitrate
    Sharing
     GSM uses TDMA and FDMA to let
    everybody talk.
     FDMA: 25MHz freq. is divided into
    124 carrier frequencies. Each base
    station gets few of those.
     TDMA: Each carrier frequency is
    divided into bursts [0.577 ms]. 8
    bursts are a frame.
    Channels
     The physical channel in GSM is the
    timeslot.
     The logical channel is the information
    which goes through the physical ch.
     Both user data and signaling are
    logical channels.
    Channels contd.,
     User data is carried on the traffic
    channel (TCH) , which is defined as
    26 TDMA frames.
     There are lots of control channels for
    signaling, base station to mobile,
    mobile to base station

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