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    Seismic Refraction Method Used in Mining Exploration

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    nilton
    Seismic refraction is a geophysical method that uses the refraction of seismic waves to characterize subsurface geological conditions. It involves using an energy source like an explosive charge at the surface to generate seismic waves. Geophones detect refracted waves that travel through subsurface layers at different velocities. Analysis of the travel times of refracted waves provides information about the depth and structure of geological layers like bedrock. The primary uses of seismic refraction are determining depth to bedrock and mapping bedrock structure.

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    Seismic Refraction Method Used in Mining Exploration

    Uploaded by

    nilton
    524 views7 pages
    Seismic refraction is a geophysical method that uses the refraction of seismic waves to characterize subsurface geological conditions. It involves using an energy source like an explosive charge at the surface to generate seismic waves. Geophones detect refracted waves that travel through subsurface layers at different velocities. Analysis of the travel times of refracted waves provides information about the depth and structure of geological layers like bedrock. The primary uses of seismic refraction are determining depth to bedrock and mapping bedrock structure.

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    Seismic Refraction Method Used in Mining Exploration

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    Seismic refraction is a geophysical method that uses the refraction of seismic waves to characterize subsurface geological conditions. It involves using an energy source like an explosive charge at the surface to generate seismic waves. Geophones detect refracted waves that travel through subsurface layers at different velocities. Analysis of the travel times of refracted waves provides information about the depth and structure of geological layers like bedrock. The primary uses of seismic refraction are determining depth to bedrock and mapping bedrock structure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    524 views7 pages

    Seismic Refraction Method Used in Mining Exploration

    Uploaded by

    nilton
    Seismic refraction is a geophysical method that uses the refraction of seismic waves to characterize subsurface geological conditions. It involves using an energy source like an explosive charge at the surface to generate seismic waves. Geophones detect refracted waves that travel through subsurface layers at different velocities. Analysis of the travel times of refracted waves provides information about the depth and structure of geological layers like bedrock. The primary uses of seismic refraction are determining depth to bedrock and mapping bedrock structure.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    Seismic refraction utilizes the refraction of seismic waves to characterize subsurface geologic conditions and structure. It is used in fields like engineering geology, geotechnical engineering, and exploration geophysics.

    Seismic refraction is a geophysical principle governed by Snell's law. It uses the refraction of seismic waves on geologic layers to characterize subsurface conditions. It is performed using a seismograph, geophones, and an energy source along arrays (seismic lines).

    Seismic refraction surveys use a linear array of geophones spaced at regular intervals to detect seismic energy from a shot point source like a hammer, weight drop, or small explosive charge. Data is recorded on a seismograph.

    SEISMIC REFRACTION

    METHOD USED IN
    MINING EXPLORATION
    Course: English Technical
    Engineer: Edgar Alcntara Trujillo
    Student: Giancarlo Ayala Dorregaray
    What is Seismic Reflection?
    Seismic refraction is a geophysical principle
    governed by Snell's Law. Used in the fields of
    engineering geology, geotechnical
    engineering and exploration geophysics,
    seismic refraction traverses (seismic lines)
    are performed using a seismograph and/or
    geophone, in an array and an energy source.
    The seismic refraction method utilizes the
    refraction of seismic waves on geologic
    layers and rock/soil units in order to
    characterize the subsurface geologic
    conditions and geologic structure.
    SEISMIC REFLECTION
    The seismic refraction method is based on the
    measurement of the travel time of seismic
    waves refracted at the interfaces between
    subsurface layers of different velocity. Seismic
    energy is provided by a source ('shot') located
    on the surface. For shallow applications this
    normally comprises a hammer and plate,
    weight drop or small explosive charge (blank
    shotgun cartridge). Energy radiates out from
    the shot point, either travelling directly
    through the upper layer (direct arrivals), or
    travelling down to and then laterally along
    higher velocity layers (refracted arrivals)
    before returning to the surface.
    SEISMIC REFLECTION
    This energy is detected on surface using a
    linear array (or spread) of geophones spaced
    at regular intervals. Beyond a certain
    distance from the shot point, known as the
    cross-over distance, the refracted signal is
    observed as a first-arrival signal at the
    geophones (arriving before the direct
    arrival). Observation of the travel-times of
    the direct and refracted signals provides
    information on the depth profile of the
    refractor.
    SEISMIC REFLECTION
    Shots are deployed at and beyond both
    ends of the geophone spread in order to
    acquire refracted energy as first arrivals
    at each geophone position. Data are
    recorded on a seismograph and later
    downloaded to computer for analysis of
    the first-arrival times to the geophones
    from each shot position.
    SEISMIC REFLECTION
    The primary applications of seismic
    refraction are for determining depth to
    bedrock and bedrock structure. Seismic
    refraction surveys provide a measure of
    material strengths and can consequently be
    used as an aid in assessing rip pability and
    rock quality. The technique has been
    successfully applied to mapping depth to
    base of backfilled quarries, depth of
    landfills, thickness of overburden and the
    topography of groundwater.

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