Fidel Ramos and Joseph Estrada: Joeriz Apuada Simbillo

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Fidel Ramos and Joseph Estrada

Joeriz Apuada Simbillo


• Gen. Fidel Valdez Ramos, AFP CCLH GCMG,
popularly known as FVR and Eddie, is a retired
Filipino general and politician who served as
the 12th President of the Philippines from
1992 to 1998.
• He was born on March 18, 1928, Lingayen,
Philippines. Military leader and politician who
was president of the Philippines from 1992 to
1998. He was generally regarded as one of the
most effective presidents in that nation’s
history.
• Ramos was educated at the U.S. Military
Academy at West Point, N.Y., and at the
University of Illinois, U.S. He then entered the
Philippine army, serving in Korea and Vietnam.
In 1972 President Ferdinand Marcos (who was
Ramos’ second cousin) appointed him chief of
the Philippine Constabulary, and when Marcos
imposed martial law later that year Ramos
was responsible for enforcing it; the
Constabulary arrested thousands of political
dissidents. In 1981 Ramos became deputy
• After the presidential elections of 1986, in
which Marcos claimed victory despite
allegations of large-scale electoral fraud,
Ramos and defense minister Juan Ponce Enrile
supported Marcos’ opponent, Corazon
Aquino. Their defection sparked the civilian
“People Power” movement that forced
Marcos into exile. During Aquino’s presidency
Ramos served as military chief of staff (1986–
88) and secretary of national defense (1988–
• Ramos was elected to succeed Aquino in May
1992. As president he purged the national
police force of corrupt officers; encouraged
family-planning practices to curb the growth
of the country’s population; and liberalized
the Philippines’ heavily protected economy in
order to spur economic growth. Ramos’
governing coalition won a decisive victory in
congressional elections held in 1995, midway
through his six-year term as president.
• His administration reached peace agreements
with two long-active guerrilla insurgencies,
the communist New People’s Army and the
Muslim separatists of the Moro National
Liberation Front.
• He meanwhile continued his efforts to
deregulate major industries that were
dominated by a handful of large companies
and to improve the government’s inefficient
tax-collection system.
• These reforms helped revitalize the
Philippines’ economy, which emerged from
years of stagnation to grow at a rapid rate in
1994–97. The country was thus able to
weather a severe business downturn that
crippled national economies across Southeast
Asia in 1998. Ramos was constitutionally
restricted to one term as president, which
ended in June 1998.
• Joseph E. Estrada or also known as "Erap" won
the presidency overwhelming victory in 1998.
Unlike Ramos who was elected as minority
president, Estrada garnered almost 40 percent
of the total votes.
• However, Estrada's presidency was cut short in
2001 while he was on impeachment trial for
charges of bribery and graft and corruption.
He was known for his title as the "jueteng
lord" .
• The impeachment trial was never concluded
with a final verdict by the senate.
• The aborted impeachment case and the
walkout were seen to be the final cues for
huge public protests that led to the People
Power 2 uprising in January 2001 that
consequently ousted him from his position
and succeeded by Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo.
• Also in the same year, he was charged and
tried with plunder, arrested, and detained at
his rest house in Tanay, Rizal.
• The following month, Estrada was pardoned
by President Arroyo.
• He won the presidency capitalizing on his
popularity as a movie actor and with strong
populist rhetoric that was captured by his
campaign slogan, "Erap para sa "Masa" or
"Erap for the poor"
• Erap is his famous nickname.

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