Super

Power
Consumption
Limiter
 Introduction
Background of the Study

Power consumption limiter is founded by engineers who

worked in the field of electronic, mechanical and industrial
design for over 10 several years; Reletek is a professional
manufacturer of electronic modular devices, which bring
new possibilities for home and office controlling,
monitoring and security, as well as for industrial process
control. Power consumption limiter is used to restrict the
flow of electricity. It allows a small amount of power to
flow through the meter to maintain minimal service at a
location, instead of completely shutting off the power.
Power consumption refers to the electrical energy per
unit time, supplied to operate something, such as a home
appliance. Power consumption is usually measured in units
of watts (W) or kilowatts (kW). The energy used by
equipment is always more than the energy really needed.
This is because no equipment is 100% efficient. Power is
wasted as heat, vibrations and/or electromagnetic
radiation. For example, a light bulb does not only convert
electric power into light; it also makes some heat.
Power limiter that allows the limitation of active power
consumed by subscribers of a company that provides
electrical power. It allows the National Company of Electricity
(SNEL) to fix a power in kW subscribers, after determining
their consumption. If a subscriber exceeds the subscribed or
contracted power, electric power is cut off for five minutes.
Upon resumption, if the subscriber has not decreased its
consumption in less than a second, electric power is
interrupted again; interruptions will not cease until the
subscriber will not reduce consumption.
A limiter is used to restrict the flow of electricity. It allows a
small amount of power to flow through the meter to
maintain minimal service at a location, instead of
completely shutting off the power.

With a limiter, you'll have enough power to run heat, a few

lights and a major appliance such as a fridge. As long as you
stay within the limit, your power will stay on. If you use
power that exceeds the limit allowed, the limiter will shut
off your electricity.
Current limiting is the practice in electrical
or electronic circuits of imposing an upper limit on
the current that may be delivered to a load with the purpose
of protecting the circuit generating or transmitting the
current from harmful effects due to a short-circuit or similar
problem in the load.
Due to energy consumption of amount of energy
consumed by an individual or organization, or to the
process or system of such consumption. In this device,
namely the super power consumption limiter, users can
present the power consumption in their household. It is a
system that limits the level of power consumption in every
household. It is a power limiter that is set at every
household through a manual power input in the system.
A wattmeter is an instrument which gives a visual
indication of the amount of electrical energy being
supplied to a circuit. This indication is expressed in watts
which is the standard unit of measure for electrical energy
supply or consumption.
In this generation of technology, power consumption
device is introduced. It aims to develop an electronic
device to estimate their paying bills. This study will
introduce a new innovation that will address the
underlying problem. An electronic power controlled
system interrupts the flow of currents on some electrical
circuits like lights and electrical outlet when the level of
current flow exceeds a predetermined maximum level.
Statement of Hypothesis

Ho 1 : There is no significant difference on this device to operate

at 220 to 240 volts.?

Ho 2 : There is no significant difference between high electricity

bills and power consumption?

Ho 3 : There is no significant relationship between 5A sensors and

remote device?

Ho 4 : There is no significant difference between this generation

technologies to old technologies?

Ho 5 : There is no significant difference between an AC and DC

current?
Statement of the Problem

The main objective of this study will to develop a device

that will limit the power consumption in each household with
the specific input power. Using microcontroller in controlling
each sensors and relays to transmit data to create a safety
circuit system that will prevent household from overloading.

Specifically, this study will seek to answer the following

questions:

1. How do people manage this electrical device in their homes?

2. What are the issues and development on this power
consumption limiter?
3. What improvement plan is developed to achieve this Power
consumption limiter?
Significance of the Study

The result of this study will be very useful to the following:

consumers & family. The outcome of this study will serve as
a basis for estimate the monthly electric bill or estimate of
their max monthly energy consumption. It will help the
consumer to conserve and use lesser energy.
The findings of this study are to benefit lower class people
to less expense on their high electricity bills.
Framework of the Study
Scope and Limitation

The scope of this study focused on the device that can only
hold 1200 watts per outlet, in which changing the current
sensor must be considered otherwise. So it grants the
device to perform its potential even more efficient. Also,
due to research purposes only, this device has only four
outlets. However, adding some outlets is also possible.
Based on the findings of the study, the following are scope for
future development of the Power Consumption Limiter:

 Add a program that will show how much is the electricity bill
being consume in that of a daily or monthly basis.
 Increase the voltage and current rate. Thus, changing its
sensors and relays.
 Use different set of colour LEDs to be able to know which is
functioning and which is not.
 Additions of outlets are possible.
 Casing or protection for the said microcontroller for
preventing it from damaging or resetting its program.
Definition of terms

For the readers to grasp fully the content of this study, some
important terms are hereby defined:

Wattmeter. This refers to an instrument used to give visual

reading of the power output.
Arduino UNO. This refers to the brain of the circuit which
controls the operation of the outlets.
Circuit Breaker. This refers to stopping the flow of current in
an electric circuit as a safety measure.
Voltage Sensor. This refers to determine and monitor and
measure the voltage supply.
Current Sensor. This refers to detects electric current
(AC or DC) in a wire, and generates a signal
proportion to it.
C Language. This refers to the language used on this study
for programming.
LCD. This refers to a small monitor that can show or indicate
the input or output values.
 Methodology
Research Design

Power source is directly connected to the device that

provides electricity. Power limiter is composed of voltage
sensor, LCD and keypad in which the consumer can set the
power input desired. Inputted data will be interpreted by
the microcontroller Arduino UNO. Corresponding data
yields different number of desired power requirement.
Current sensor is proportional to the amount of current
flowing through the outlets. The sensor signal may be
amplified and/or consumed into a direct current signal, or
otherwise processed as desired, before sending data to
microcontroller.

When the power input reach to its limit, the power relay
switch will cut-off the current flowing through its branch.
Super Power Consumption Limiter Diagram
Research Location
Research Respondent

Barangay Sta. Cruz

Population: 1,211 latest from PSA 2015

Households: 259 Households

From the latest update of Philippine Statistics Authority

Brgy. Sta. Cruz, San Juan, Southern Leyte has a population
of 1,211 people and 259 households.
Sampling Procedure

Flow Diagram
Research Instruments

The Power Consumption Limiter is consists of both

electronic and electrically operated system. It concerns
designing, layouts of components and programming. A
further discussion for each component and its functions
is in the following topics.
 Structure of the power consumption limiter

A device constructed like rectangular shape form with a

dimension of 11.5in x 12.5in x 4.5in. Its base is made out of
wood, thickness approximately 2cm and bolted properly to
stabilize its structure.
Adding fiber glass to its side so the components inside is
easy to see when troubleshooting may occur. It is also
bolted properly so its structure is stable.
Components of the device

LCD and (0-9) Keypad

The microcontroller is attached inside in the upper middle
part. It is then mounted with 2-gang outlet for its source 5V
power supply.
Using Arduino Uno as the main part of the device
controlling the whole system which provide sets of digital
and analog (I/O) pins of which 6 pins can be used as analog
inputs. Easy connection to computer through its USB port
and supports also C and C++ languages.

Its role is to send signal to each outlets attached outside.

The power consumption of each load consumed is being
measured by the voltage and current sensors. And allowing
it to send feedback signal to the microcontroller for each
load they received. Microcontroller then transmits signal to
each relay and closes its contact to the outlet when power
reaches its load limit.
 Current Sensors

Voltage Sensors
By further securing the safety of this device, a circuit breaker is
connected to the main power source in case of emergency
purposes.
Research Procedure

The process begins by setting a power limit for the four outlets
through the power limiter. It controls the entire circuit using a
keypad with LCD monitor.

Power limiter composes of voltage sensor which is connected to

microcontroller that will send signal to the current sensors. Both
voltage and current sensors measure the power consumption.
Each current sensor sends feedback signal to the microcontroller
for each power they consume. The microcontroller transmits back
a signal to each relay for the remaining power. Each outlet has
ascending number from 1 – 4 as bases for priority and non-priority
system.

First and foremost our project will automatically compute the

power rating amount of each appliances that are connected into
the outlets before it will give the said amount of the power
needed.
System Flow
Program Flow
Operation Flow
Thank You for Listening
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