Lecture 5 Qualitative Research Importance in Daily Life

LESSON 5:
QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
IMPORTANCE IN
DAILY LIFE ALEJANDRO A. ABLAO II
INSTRUCTOR- LAGUNA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
At the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
 Have effectively utilized the power of WORDS of great value in qualitative
research
 Have succinctly identified the different characteristics of qualitative

research for a fuller grasp of this type of inquiry.
 Have clearly distinguished the different forms of qualitative research

showing their features.
 Have exhaustively identified various uses of qualitative research
 Have successfully made a comparative chart on strengths and weaknesses

of qualitative research.
“we derived our data by looking into the context or meaning of
interviews, observations, and focus groups”
QUALITATIVE RESAEARCH can obtain some inherent values of

great importance to daily life thru:
 Words and their intended meaning
 Words that are uttered
 Words gives qualities of entity, on process and meanings
 Words involved in social construction and situational context

1. “EMIC” perspective- a research approach on how
people think, how they categorize the world, and put
meaning for them, and how they imagine and explain
things from a genuine view without the researcher
interfering.
2. “ETIC” perspective- in quantitative research which

studies behavior from outside of a particular system
(Pike, 1967) and the researcher ‘s attempt to describe
information gathered is to organize, systematize, and
compare data in terms of a system made by the
investigator.
1. A focus on natural settings
2. An interest in meanings, perspectives and
understandings
3. An emphasis on process
4. An openness of mind
5. A fairly deep involvement in natural inquiry
6. A rapport with participants who gave trust
7. A concern with inductive analysis and grounded
theory
Events in life as lived in real situations
happen in natural settings in order to
gain access to deeper levels with
certain rapport of the researcher with
the participants of the study to win
their trust.
Deeper discovery of meanings that
participants attach to their behavior,
how they interpret situations, and
what their perspectives are on
particular issues.
 The thrust of inquiry is directed towards
unpacking the black box and unraveling
the complex processes that went on
within it, focus on how things happen,
how they develop because everyday
life is an ever-changing picture in
continuous process of meaning
attribution, which is always emerging.
The EMIC (insider) perspective in
qualitative inquiry entails the
researcher’s openness of mind to the
situation without prior judgment.
The listening process with empathy is
as important as the data, when the
researcher gets involved in the
process of inquiry but without getting
affected.
The rules of ethics make the
researcher free of any bias in listening
to the confessions made by the
participants, and guided by the rule
on confidentiality of information given
by the participants in order to gain
their trust
Not concerned with testing a theory
but understanding the quality of
social life through richly detailed
material termed as thick description.
 Approach in Qualitative Research
- To understand the different approaches to qualitative

research there must be a good research-listening
technique to what people have to say by elaborating
during the gathering of data.
- There is no one way of expression as there is no right or

wrong way of conducting qualitative inquiry.
- The detailed exploration of qualitative research takes the
pattern of narrative approaches such as phenomenology,
grounded theory, ethnography, and case studies.
- Holistic description of events, procedures, and philosophies

that is often needed to make accurate situational
decisions.
- This differs from quantitative research in which selected,

pre defined variables are studied.
- Interpretivism (Geertz, 1973)
- Interpretivism in the qualitative approach is

a way to gain insights through discovering
meanings and improving the
comprehension of the whole thru an
exploration of the richness, depth, and
complexity of phenomena.
1. Phenomenology
2. Ethnography
3. Case study
4. Action Research
5. Historical Research
 G’ word “phainomenon” = “that which appears”
“logos” = “study”
 A descriptive study of how individuals share their “live

experience”; a study of phenomena: appearances of things,
or things as they appear in our experience, or the ways we
experience things , thus the meanings of things have in our
experience
 The purpose of the phenomenological approach is to

illuminate the specific, to identify phenomena through how
they are viewed by the actors in a situation.
CONCIEVE, BELIEVE AND ACHIEVE!
A Phenomenology of Student’s Outstanding Academic
Performance
THE GOALS OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH IS TO DESCRIBE

EXPERIENCES AS THEY ARE LIVED, AND TO EXAMINE THE UNIQUENESS
OF INDIVIDUAL’S LIVED SITUATIONS AS EACH PERSON HAS OWN
REALITY THAT CAN BECOME SUBJECTIVE.
1. Bracketing – the process of identifying but refraining from
any preconceived biases, beliefs and opinions that the
researcher may have about the phenomenon and the
participants.
2. Intuiting- a requirement for the researcher to be creative in

digging about the data until such an understanding
emerges based on meanings attributed by people who
experience it.
3. Analyzing – the process of coding and
categorizing, and making sense of the
essential meanings of the phenomenon.
4. Describing – the process of understanding

and full definition of phenomenon.
 The study of people in a community that shows how
actions in one world make sense from the point of view
of another.
 G’ word: ethnos = “a company, a people, a

nation”
graphy = “field of study”
 What is culture?
 REALIST ETHNOGRAPHY- a traditional approach used by
cutural anthropologists in reflecting objectively a
particular instance taken by the researcher toward the
individual being studied.
 CRITICAL ETHNOGRAPHY- a kind of research in which

the researchers advocate for the liberation of groups
which are marginalized in society
Life Transformation In A Remote Village In
Mindanao- Traditions and Values for
Education
The ethnographic study is field-based in a setting where real

people actually live, rather than in laboratories where the
researcher controls the elements of the behaviors to be observed
and measured.
 Can be any one problem, one phenomenon, and one
group or entity existing in a specific place and time.
 A case is a story about something unique, special or

interesting in any individuals, organizations, processes,
programs, neighborhoods, institutions, and even events.
 Has long and prominent place in many disciplines and

professions, ranging from psychology, anthropology,
sociology, and political science to education.
 Thomas (2011) defined a case study as a
kind of analysis o persons, events,
decisions, periods, projects, policies,
institutions, or other systems that are
holistically by one or more method; and
the case is the subject of the inquiry and
the reason for its conduct, an object for
enlightenment.
FILIPINO YUTH AS ADDICTED “TITANS” OF THE
GAME CLASH OF CLANS (CoC)
The case study on this phenomenon may look into the reporte
adolescent behavior to shed light on the issue of whether the
addiction is good or bad.
A practical
approach
to an
inquiry in
any social
situation.
1. It brings an objective self-assessment on some
weaknesses and strengths of an activity or in the
“absence” of a tool such as determining the needs of a
craft.
2. In pursuing the action research, some progress can be
made to introduce some interventions on what needs to
be done.
3. It is the construction of the instruction that makes an
outcome-based research possible.
Research-based Manual on Science News
Writing For DepED Student-Journalists
Action research is known by many other names, including

participatory research, collaborative inquiry, action learning, and
contextual (combination of context and structure) action research,
but all are variations on a theme.
A procedure that is
supplementary to observation in
which the researcher seeks to
test the authenticity of the
reports or observations made by
others.
1. Archival data- include official documents and other items found in
archives and museums and other repositories of historical data and
annals;
2. Secondary sources- the works of other historians who have written

history in the form of books, monographs or other second-hand
publications;
3. Running records- current data that are ongoing series of statistical

records like census and present registers; and
4. Recollections- include sources such as autobiographies, memoirs, diaries

which are often derived from oral history or narratives of living person.
Quoting directly
Paraphrasing
Summarizing
Analyzing
1. The effect of family income on grades of students in public high school.
2. How many students are good in math subject against those with high level of anxiety?
3. The views of high school students on the concept of brotherhood in joining fraternities.
4. What are the standpoints of secondary students regarding crimes committed by minors?
5. Is there a relationship between reading the lessons and score in examination in English
subject?
6. How effective is the teaching method using group activity versus plain lecture in a science
class?
7. Female high school students’ concept of beauty anchored on aesthetic values engaged in
a discussion.
8. What is phobia? What is the social world like, to those who experienced great fears learned
from life experiences?
9. Interest in Facebook may reveal there is a correlation between using the social platform
and information sharing.
10.High school males with impressions on the true meaning of manhood and on men
frequenting the gyms work out.

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LESSON 5:

 Have succinctly identified the different characteristics of qualitative

 Have clearly distinguished the different forms of qualitative research

 Have exhaustively identified various uses of qualitative research

 Have successfully made a comparative chart on strengths and weaknesses

QUALITATIVE RESAEARCH can obtain some inherent values of

 Words and their intended meaning

 Words that are uttered

 Words gives qualities of entity, on process and meanings

 Words involved in social construction and situational context

2. “ETIC” perspective- in quantitative research which

- To understand the different approaches to qualitative

- There is no one way of expression as there is no right or

- Holistic description of events, procedures, and philosophies

- This differs from quantitative research in which selected,

- Interpretivism in the qualitative approach is

 A descriptive study of how individuals share their “live

 The purpose of the phenomenological approach is to

THE GOALS OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH IS TO DESCRIBE

2. Intuiting- a requirement for the researcher to be creative in

4. Describing – the process of understanding

 G’ word: ethnos = “a company, a people, a

 CRITICAL ETHNOGRAPHY- a kind of research in which

The ethnographic study is field-based in a setting where real

 A case is a story about something unique, special or

 Has long and prominent place in many disciplines and

Action research is known by many other names, including

2. Secondary sources- the works of other historians who have written

3. Running records- current data that are ongoing series of statistical

4. Recollections- include sources such as autobiographies, memoirs, diaries

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