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    Groundwater Contamination

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    anita
    This document discusses groundwater contamination. It explains that groundwater pollution occurs when pollutants enter the ground and make their way into groundwater. The pollutant often creates a contaminant plume that spreads through the aquifer, potentially intersecting wells or surfacing. Groundwater is found in unsaturated and saturated zones. Causes of contamination include natural sources, septic systems, sewage, fertilizers, industrial leaks, fracking, and landfill leachate. Methods to prevent contamination include guidelines to prevent chemical leaks at facilities and wastewater treatment improvements.

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    Groundwater Contamination

    Uploaded by

    anita
    85 views15 pages
    This document discusses groundwater contamination. It explains that groundwater pollution occurs when pollutants enter the ground and make their way into groundwater. The pollutant often creates a contaminant plume that spreads through the aquifer, potentially intersecting wells or surfacing. Groundwater is found in unsaturated and saturated zones. Causes of contamination include natural sources, septic systems, sewage, fertilizers, industrial leaks, fracking, and landfill leachate. Methods to prevent contamination include guidelines to prevent chemical leaks at facilities and wastewater treatment improvements.

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    #SAVE WATER SAVE LIFE

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    This document discusses groundwater contamination. It explains that groundwater pollution occurs when pollutants enter the ground and make their way into groundwater. The pollutant often creates a contaminant plume that spreads through the aquifer, potentially intersecting wells or surfacing. Groundwater is found in unsaturated and saturated zones. Causes of contamination include natural sources, septic systems, sewage, fertilizers, industrial leaks, fracking, and landfill leachate. Methods to prevent contamination include guidelines to prevent chemical leaks at facilities and wastewater treatment improvements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    85 views15 pages

    Groundwater Contamination

    Uploaded by

    anita
    This document discusses groundwater contamination. It explains that groundwater pollution occurs when pollutants enter the ground and make their way into groundwater. The pollutant often creates a contaminant plume that spreads through the aquifer, potentially intersecting wells or surfacing. Groundwater is found in unsaturated and saturated zones. Causes of contamination include natural sources, septic systems, sewage, fertilizers, industrial leaks, fracking, and landfill leachate. Methods to prevent contamination include guidelines to prevent chemical leaks at facilities and wastewater treatment improvements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    GROUNDWATER

    CONTAMINATION
     Groundwater pollution (also called
    groundwater contamination) occurs when
    pollutants are released to the ground and
    make their way down into groundwater.
    This type of water pollution can also
    occur naturally due to the presence of a
    minor and unwanted constituent,
    contaminant or impurity in the
    groundwater, in which case it is more
    likely referred to as contamination rather
     The pollutant often creates a
    contaminant plume within an acqifer.
    Movement of water and dispersion
    within the aquifer spreads the
    pollutant over a wider area. Its
    boundary, often called a plume edge,
    can intersect with groundwater wells
    or daylight into surface water such as
    seeps and springs, making the water
    supplies unsafe for humans and
    wildlife. The movement of the plume,
    called a plume front, may be
     Groundwater is found in two zones.
    The unsaturated zone and the
    saturated zone .The unsaturated zone
    lies just below the ground and
    contains water and air in open spaces
    while the saturated zone underlies the
    unsaturated zone and its rock
    fractures are filled with water .
    CAUSES OF GROUNDWATER
    CONTAMINATION
     Naturally-occurring (geogenic)
     On-site sanitation systems
     Sewage (treated and untreated)
     Fertilizers and pesticides
     Commercial and industrial leaks
     Hydraulic fracturing
     Landfill leachate
    NATURAL OCCURING
     The natural arsenic pollution occurs
    because aquifer sediments contain organic
    matter that generates anaerobic
    conditions in the aquifer. These conditions
    result in the microbial dissolution of iron
    oxides in the sediment and, thus, the
    release of the arsenic, normally strongly
    bound to iron oxides, into the water.
    ON SIDE SANITATION
     Groundwater pollution with pathogens
    and nitrate can also occur from the
    liquids infiltrating into the ground from
    on-site sanitation systems such as septic
    tanks , depending on the population
    density and the hydrogeological
    conditions.
    SEWAGE
     Groundwater pollution can be caused by
    untreated waste discharge leading to
    diseases like skin lesions, bloody diarrhea
    and dermatitis. This is more common in
    locations having limited wastewater
    treatment infrastructure, or where there
    are systematic failures of the on-site
    sewage disposal system.
    FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES
     Nitrate can also enter the groundwater via
    excessive use of fertilizers, including manure
    spreading. This is because only a fraction of
    the nitrogen-based fertilizers is converted to
    produce and other plant matter. The
    remainder accumulates in the soil or lost as
    run-off. High application rates of nitrogen-
    containing fertilizers combined with the high
    water-solubility of nitrate.
    COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL
    LAKES
     A wide variety of both inorganic and
    organic pollutants have been found in
    aquifers underlying commercial and
    industrial activities.
     Ore mining and metal processing facilities
    are the primary responsible of the
    presence of metals in groundwater of
    anthropogenic origin, including arsenic.
    HYDRAULIC FRACTURING
     The recent growth of hydraulic fracturing
    ("Fracking") wells in the United States has
    raised concerns regarding its potential
    risks of contaminating groundwater
    resources. EPA, along with many other
    researchers, has been delegated to study
    the relationship between hydraulic
    fracturing and drinking water resources.
    LANDFILL LECHATE
     Leachate from sanitary landfills can lead
    to groundwater pollution.
     This was eventually traced to organic
    solvents and dioxins from an industrial
    landfill that the neighborhood had been
    built over and around, which had then
    infiltrated into the water supply and
    evaporated in basements to further
    contaminate the air.
    METHODS OF PREVENTING
    GROUNWATER
    CONTAMINATION
     In order to prevent contamination with
    chemical substances and reduce
    contamination risks, Toshiba Group
    independently established the Structural
    Design Guidelines to prevent leaks of
    chemicals at its related facilities
    (including wastewater treatment plants),
    and its overseas sites are promoting
    continuous improvements in this area. In
    THANKS
    MADE BY:-
    AKSHARA PANDEY

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