Motors
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Power Supply An adequate power supply is absolutely essential to both motor and compressor operation. The
electrical supply must provide sufficient voltage and ampere rating for the total electrical load,
Phase including motor and other connected devices. An under-rated electrical supply can cause low
Type-30 Motors voltage and high starting-amp conditions which can lead to failure of the motor or magnetic
starter. (Use the Navigation Bar at left of screen for additional information on motor “Installation”.)
Environment
The AC power should be within ±10% of rated voltage with rated frequency (see motor name plate
ODP Motors
for ratings), or within ±5% of rated frequency with rated voltage. If the actual voltage supplied by
TEFC Motors the power company is lower than the “published” value for the area, an alternate motor and/or
X-Proof Motors power supply may need to be installed to provide satisfactory performance. If the rating of the
power supply is not adequate, do not connect the motor.
Motor Definitions
EPAct
WIRE SIZE
Cross Reference
Ensure the power supply wires to the compressor are of proper gauge. The electrical wiring
MAINTENANCE between the power supply and the electric motor will vary according to the motor horsepower (See
INSTALL V-BELTS Wire Selection Chart below).
Using the proper size wire is important to the safety and operation of the air compressor.
INSTALLATION Connections must also be mechanically and electrically secure. Information for selecting the
PAGE VII A-1 proper wire size, and securing connections, should be provided with the motor.
Continued
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ELECTRIC MOTORS
NEXT If wire size information is not available, the wire sizes shown in the Wire Selection Chart can be
used as a safe guide, if the distance from the electrical supply does not exceed 50 feet (15.3m). If
PREVIOUS the distance is more than 50 feet, the electrical contractor or local electric company should be
BEGINNING consulted for recommendations.
NEXT For example, many open drip-proof motors have "venetian blind" type louvers in the end housings
to deflect falling water away from the inside of the motor. This works fine except for motors
PREVIOUS mounted to a wall or with feet up (ceiling mounting). In the ceiling mounted case, unless the
BEGINNING position of the end housings is changed relative to the base of the motor, the louvers will have a
funnel effect directing rain, snow and other debris into the windings to shorten the life of the motor.
END In these cases, end housings should be rotated to put the louvers in the proper position to fend off
RETURN rain rather than funneling it inside. (NOTE: Type-30 motors must be mounted within 15 degrees of
horizontal.)
Power Supply The use of open drip-proof motors outdoors or in wet areas is not ideal. In the event of a failure,
Phase the motor should be replaced by a motor more suitable for an outdoor or wet environment.
Type-30 Motors
TOTALLY ENCLOSED FAN COOLED MOTORS
Environment
ODP Motors Totally enclosed fan cooled motors (TEFC) are more adaptable to outdoor and high moisture areas
and with a bit of caution, they will work well. The following suggestions will help extend the life of
TEFC Motors totally enclosed motors.
X-Proof Motors Totally enclosed fan cooled motors have "weep holes" at the bottom of the end housings. Weep
Motor Definitions holes or fittings are put there to allow condensation or other accumulations of moisture to drain. At
times, motors are mounted in unusual positions such as with the
EPAct
shaft horizontal but with the base mounted on a vertical wall. In
Cross Reference this case the weep holes are out of position by 90 degrees and
the only time they could do their job would be when the motor is
MAINTENANCE
half full of water. This, of course, is unacceptable.
INSTALL V-BELTS When motors are going to be used in different positions, care
should be taken to reposition the end brackets so the weep
INSTALLATION
holes are at the lowest point of the motor.
PAGE VII A-6
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ELECTRIC MOTORS
NEXT This is especially important in applications such as the brush drives used in car washes and similar
situations where water is apt to be falling on the motors continuously. In this situation some water
PREVIOUS can always be expected to enter the motor. The key to extending motor life is to give it an easy
BEGINNING way out. On motors that are mounted at odd angles where the weep holes cannot be properly
repositioned to the lowest point, the problem can be remedied by carefully drilling a small hole at
END the lowest point. Caution must be taken to be sure power to the motor is disconnected and the drill
RETURN bit does not touch or damage the windings or motor bearings.
Motors such as the "Wash Down", "Dirty Duty" and "Chemical Service" are designed to seal the
Power Supply motor and prevent the entrance of moisture. However, try as we might, it is nearly impossible to
Phase keep all water out. Thus, it is vitally important that the weep holes be positioned so that water
entering the motor either by direct impingement or by exchange of air saturated with dampness,
Type-30 Motors
can drain away freely rather than accumulating.
Environment
One other source of water in a motor is condensation that can occur as a result of repeated
ODP Motors heating and cooling cycles. For example, when the motor gets hot, the air within the motor
TEFC Motors expands and pushes out. Later, when the motor cools, fresh moisture laden air will be drawn in
as the air contracts. As this cycle repeats again and again, substantial quantities of water can
X-Proof Motors accumulate. If left unchecked, it will lead to insulation failure.
Motor Definitions Again, this highlights the importance of having the weep holes properly positioned so that water
EPAct can drain before it accumulates in sufficient quantities to damage the motor.
Cross Reference Where motors run continuously, the heat generated in the motor by normal operation can keep
windings dry. But when a motor is used infrequently and is subject to large swings in temperature,
MAINTENANCE there are two methods which can be used to reduce the susceptibility to failure caused by
INSTALL V-BELTS accumulated moisture.
The first and most popular method is the use of heaters installed within the motor. In this case,
INSTALLATION cartridge heaters or silicon rubber strip heaters, are placed within the motor and are turned on
PAGE VII A-7 during the non-operating periods.
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NEXT The object of this method is to maintain the temperature inside the motor approximately five to ten
degrees warmer than the surrounding air. When this is done, condensation inside the motor is
PREVIOUS prevented and the motor will stay dry. The heater method is similar to the way light bulbs are used
BEGINNING in closets where the climate is humid to prevent mildew on clothing and leather goods. When
internal heaters are used, they are interconnected with the motor starter to turn on when the motor
END is not running and off when the motor is running.
RETURN The second method of accomplishing the same result is a system called "trickle heating". In this
case, a source of low voltage single phase power is applied to the three phase motor windings
Power Supply when the motor is at rest. This results in a low energy,, single phasing condition that produces
Phase heat in the windings, rotor, and indirectly the shaft and the bearings of the motor. This system is a
good one for preventing condensation in motors that are at rest. Trickle heating is particularly
Type-30 Motors
good where there are groups of identical motors such as those used on aerators in pollution
Environment control lagoons.
ODP Motors
TEFC Motors EXPLOSION PROOF MOTORS
X-Proof Motors One of the most difficult motors to protect in wet and damp environments is hazardous location or
Motor Definitions explosion proof. The difficulty in protecting these motors arises from several factors. First, due to
explosion proof design requirements, gaskets cannot be used.
EPAct
Similarly, the joints between the end housings and the frame
Cross Reference and the conduit box and frame cannot be gasketed or sealed.
MAINTENANCE There must be metal-to-metal contact along these joints. This
metal-to-metal contact is close fitting but nonetheless, it cannot
INSTALL V-BELTS
seal completely. Also, in explosion proof designs, it is not
INSTALLATION possible to use normal weep holes.
NEXT Thus, when explosion proof motors get used in wet environments, moisture that gets inside the
motor can accumulate and stay there for extended periods of time. There are breather drain
PREVIOUS devices that are used in some motors such as the 1.15 service factor Class 1, Group D explosion
BEGINNING proof motors. These specially designed breather drains allow moisture to drain from the motor
while still retaining the explosion proof integrity. Again as in the case of other motors with weep
END holes, care must be taken to make sure that the breather drains are at the lowest point on the
RETURN motor.
Some of the options that are available to control moisture in explosion proof motors are the same
Power Supply as those used in totally enclosed motors. Space heaters can be installed in the motors to keep the
Phase internal temperature of the motor above the outside temperature during idle periods. This is an
effective way to control the build-up of condensation.
Type-30 Motors
One further key to protecting explosion proof motors, especially in outdoor situations, is to shelter
Environment
them from direct rain fall in such a way that the air flow around the motor is not restricted.
ODP Motors
TEFC Motors
V-BELTS
X-Proof Motors
It is important that motor drive V-belts be properly installed and adjusted. A belt that is too loose
Motor Definitions will slip and cause overheating and wear. A belt that is too tight may overload the motor or
EPAct crankshaft bearings. (Use the Navigation Bar at left of screen for additional information on v-belt
installation and maintenance.)
Cross Reference
MAINTENANCE
INSTALL V-BELTS
INSTALLATION
PAGE VII A-9
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NEXT Frequency: This is the frequency for which the motor is designed. The most commonly occurring
frequency in this country is 60 cycles but, on an international basis, other frequencies such
PREVIOUS as 25, 40, and 50 cycles can be found.
BEGINNING Insulation: The insulation class is a measure of the resistance of the insulating components of a
END motor Class to degradation from heat. Four major classifications of insulation are used in
motors. They are, in order of increasing thermal capabilities, A, B, F, and E.
RETURN
Phase: Phase is the indication of the type of power supply for which the motor is designed. Two
Power Supply major categories exist; single phase and three phase. There are some very spotty areas
Phase where two phase power is available but this is very insignificant.
Type-30 Motors Poles: This is the number of magnetic poles that appear within the motor when power is applied.
Environment Poles always come in sets of two (a north and a south). Thus, the number of poles within a
motor is always an even number such as 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, etc. In an AC motor, the number of
ODP Motors poles work in conjunction with- the frequency to determine the synchronous speed of the
TEFC Motors motor. At 50 and 60 cycles, the common arrangements are:
X-Proof Motors
Motor Definitions
Poles Synchronous Speed
EPAct 60 Cycles 50 Cycles
Cross Reference 2 3600 3000
MAINTENANCE 4 1800 1500
6 1200 1000
INSTALL V-BELTS
8 900 750
INSTALLATION 10 720 600
PAGE VII A-11
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NEXT Service Factor: The service factor is a multiplier that indicates the amount of overload a motor
can be expected to handle. For example, a motor with a 1.0 service factor cannot be
PREVIOUS expected to handle more than its nameplate horsepower on a continuous basis. Similarly, a
BEGINNING motor with a 1.15 service factor can be expected to safely handle intermittent loads
amounting to 152 beyond its nameplate horsepower.
END
Synchronous Speed: This is the speed at which the magnetic field within the motor is rotating, It
RETURN is also approximately the speed that the motor will run under no load condition. For example,
a 4 pole motor running on 60 cycles would have a magnetic field speed of 1800 RPM. The
Power Supply
no load speed of that motor shaft would be very close to 1800, probably 1798 or 1799 RPM.
Phase The full load speed of the same motor might be 1745 RPM. The difference between the
Type-30 Motors synchronous speed and the full load speed is called the slip RPM of the motor.
Environment Ambient Temperature: The maximum safe room temperature surrounding the motor if it is going
ODP Motors to be operated continuously at full load. In most cases, the standardized ambient
temperature rating is 40' C (104' F). This is a very warm room. Certain types of applications
TEFC Motors such as on board ships and in boiler rooms, may require motors with a higher ambient
X-Proof Motors temperature capability such as 50' C or 60' C.
Motor Definitions Torque: Torque is the twisting force exerted by the shaft of a motor. Torque is measured in inch
EPAct pounds, foot pounds. and on small motors, in terms of inch ounces.
Cross Reference Full Load Torque is the rated continuous torque that the motor can support without overheating
within its time rating.
MAINTENANCE
Starting Torque is the amount of torque the motor produces when it is energized at full voltage
INSTALL V-BELTS and with the shaft locked in place is called starting torque.
INSTALLATION
PAGE VII A-12
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NEXT EPAC
PREVIOUS
The Energy Policy Act (EPAct) was passed by Congress and signed into law on October 24,
BEGINNING 1992. This law mandates energy efficiency standards for general purpose, three-phase AC
industrial motors from 1 to 200 horsepower that are manufactured for sale in the United States. In
END
addition, EPAct also establishes new testing procedures and labeling requirements for electric
RETURN motors. EPAct requires that an electric motor’s nameplate include the nominal full-load efficiency
for that motor rating.
Power Supply
EPAct does not apply to rebuilt, repaired or rewound motors, only to new motors manufactured
Phase after the effective date.
Type-30 Motors The following types of electric motors are presently excluded under EPAct:
Environment Single-phase
ODP Motors NEMA Design C
U-Frame Motors
TEFC Motors 48 and 56 Frame Motors
X-Proof Motors 200 volt and 575 volt
Motor Definitions
EPAct
Cross Reference
MAINTENANCE
INSTALL V-BELTS
INSTALLATION
PAGE VII A-13
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32037210 1 HP 230/460-3-60 1750 TEFC 35A001T589H1 M3546T EPACT -- BALDOR STOCK REPLACEMENT
NOT OPERATIONAL @ 208 VOLT ON IR
COMPRESSOR
32036733 1-1/2 HP 115/230-1-60 1750 ODP 35D01-371 L1319T
36036725 1-1/2 HP 200-3-60 1750 ODP 35Q185-1267 M3154T-8
32036758 1-1/2 HP 230/460-3-60 1750 ODP 35B001-0372G1 DESIGN-C
32037966 1-1/2 HP 230/460-3-60 1750 TEFC 35A001W206G8 DESIGN-C
32036279 2 HP 115/230-1-60 1750 ODP 35E02X966 L1322T
32037533 2 HP 115/230-1-60 1750 TEFC 36E004Y546G1 EL3605T
32036253 2 HP 200-3-60 1750 ODP 35Q185-1342 M3157T-8
32037517 2 HP 200-3-60 1750 TEFC 35Q183-2416 M3558T-8
32036295 2 HP 230/460-3-60 1750 ODP 35B001-0872G1 DESIGN-C
32037566 2 HP 230/460-3-60 1750 TEFC 35A001-0872G14 M3558T-9 DESIGN-C
32036303 2 HP 575-3-60 1750 ODP 35B101S003H1 M3157T-5 EPACT
32036568 3 HP 115/230-1-60 1750 ODP 36E02-2759 L1408T
32036543 3 HP 200-3-60 1750 ODP 35Q189T729 M3211T-8
32036592 3 HP 230/460-3-60 1750 ODP 35K843-2112G1 DESIGN-C
32037871 3 HP 230/460-3-60 1750 TEFC 36A001-1868G2 M3611T-9 DESIGN-C
32036600 3 HP 575-3-60 1750 ODP 35L411R083H1 M3211T-5 EPACT
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