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    Training Methods: H. Louis

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    HazelLouis
    The document discusses various training methods used to teach employees including on-the-job training, lectures, simulated training, and computer-based training. It provides details on specific methods like their key steps and pros and cons. On-the-job training involves learning by doing the actual job while being coached. Lectures involve one-way communication from the trainer but are quick to prepare. Simulated training recreates reality but takes time. Computer-based training is quick and consistent but expensive.

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    Training Methods: H. Louis

    Uploaded by

    HazelLouis
    419 views31 pages
    The document discusses various training methods used to teach employees including on-the-job training, lectures, simulated training, and computer-based training. It provides details on specific methods like their key steps and pros and cons. On-the-job training involves learning by doing the actual job while being coached. Lectures involve one-way communication from the trainer but are quick to prepare. Simulated training recreates reality but takes time. Computer-based training is quick and consistent but expensive.

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    Training Method

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    The document discusses various training methods used to teach employees including on-the-job training, lectures, simulated training, and computer-based training. It provides details on specific methods like their key steps and pros and cons. On-the-job training involves learning by doing the actual job while being coached. Lectures involve one-way communication from the trainer but are quick to prepare. Simulated training recreates reality but takes time. Computer-based training is quick and consistent but expensive.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    419 views31 pages

    Training Methods: H. Louis

    Uploaded by

    HazelLouis
    The document discusses various training methods used to teach employees including on-the-job training, lectures, simulated training, and computer-based training. It provides details on specific methods like their key steps and pros and cons. On-the-job training involves learning by doing the actual job while being coached. Lectures involve one-way communication from the trainer but are quick to prepare. Simulated training recreates reality but takes time. Computer-based training is quick and consistent but expensive.

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    of 31

    TRAINING METHODS

    H. Louis
    Training Methods
     A training method is the process, technique or approach
    which a trainer uses in teaching.
     The method by which training is delivered often varies
    based on the needs of the company, the trainee, and on
    the task being performed.
     The method chosen will motivate employees to learn,
    help them retain and transfer what they have learned
    and enhance performance with other skills and
    knowledge.
    Some Common Training Methods

     On-the-job Training
     Apprenticeship Training
     Lectures
     Informal Learning
     Programmed Learning
     Job Instruction Training
     Audiovisual-Based Training
     Simulated Training
     Computer-Based Training
     Distance and Internet-Based Training
    On-the-Job Training

    On-the-job training (OJT) means having person learn a


    job by actually doing it. It is one of the best training
    methods because it is planned, organized, and
    conducted at the employee's worksite.

     Types of On-the-job training


     Coaching or understudy method – acquiring skills by
    observing the supervisor
     Job rotation – trainee moves from job to job at planned
    intervals
    OJT Steps

     Step 1
     Prepare the worker
     Put the worker at ease
     State the job and find out what the worker already
    know about it
     Stimulate the worker's interest in learning the job
     Place the worker in the correct position
    OJT Steps
     Step 2
     · Present the operations
    · Tell, show and illustrate one important point
    at a time
    · Stress each key point
    · Instruct clearly, completely and patiently,
    but teach no more than the worker can
    master
    OJT Steps
     Step 3
     · Try out the worker's performance
    · Have the worker do the job, and correct
    errors
    · Have the worker explain each key point to
    you as he or she does the job again
    · Make sure the worker understands, and
    continue until you are certain of this
    OJT Steps
     Step 4
     · Follow up
    · Put the worker on his or her own
    · Designate to whom he or she should go for
    help
    · Check frequently
    · Encourage questions
    · Taper off extra coaching and reduce follow-
    up
    Pros and Cons

    Pros
     It is relatively inexpensive
     Trainees learn while producing
     It is highly practical and reality-based.
     It also helps the employee establish important
    relationships with his or her supervisor or mentor.
    Cons
     Training is not standardized for employees.
     There is often a tendency to have a person learn by
    doing the job, providing no real training.
     It can be difficult to find the right person to conduct it
    Apprenticeship Training

     Apprenticeship is a combination of on-the- job


    training and related classroom instruction by
    which people become skilled workers.
     Apprenticeship usually consists of full time on
    the job experience where trainee learn how to
    do the job in the real world.
     Trainee will be working with a skilled trainer
    who will teach him the skills he need.
    Lectures

     A lecture is the method learners often most


    commonly associate with college and
    secondary education.
     In this method, the trainer does all of the
    talking. He or she may use handouts, visual
    aids, question/answer, or posters to support
    the lecture.
     Communication is primarily one-way: from the
    instructor to the learner.
    Pros and Cons

    Pros
     Less time is needed for the trainer to prepare than other
    methods.
     It is a quick and simple way to present knowledge to
    large groups of trainees
    Cons
     Does not actively involve trainees in training process.
     The trainees forget much information if it is presented
    only orally.
    Informal Learning

     Most learning doesn't occur during formal training


    programs. It happens through processes not structured or
    sponsored by an employer.
     Informal learning is the term which describes what
    happens the rest of the time.
     Informal learning describes a process by which trainees
    acquire values, skills and knowledge from daily
    experience and the resources in their environment. For
    example, by performing their jobs in collaboration with
    their colleagues
    Programmed Learning

     A systematic method for teaching job skills that


    consists of three parts
    1) Presenting questions, facts or problems to the learner
    2) Allowing the person to respond
    3) Providing feedback on the accuracy of answers
     Programmed learning is based on the principles of
    small steps, self-pacing, and immediate feedback.
    Pros and Cons

    Pros
     It reduces training time
     It also facilitates learning because it lets trainees learn at
    their own pace
     Provides immediate feedback and reduces the learner’s
    risk of error
    Cons
     Trainees can easily get side-tracked and may move
    slower than the trainer desires.
     It is also more difficult to measure the employee’s
    progress.
    Job Instruction Training (JIT)

     Job Instruction Training (JIT) teaches


    employees how to do their jobs correctly,
    safely and with maximum efficiency.
     In this method, the trainer list all necessary
    steps in the job, each in its proper sequence
    along with key points of each step, in order to
    provide step-by-step training for employees
    Audiovisual-based Training

     Audiovisual-based training techniques


    includes DVDs, films, PowerPoints,
    audiotapes and videotapes are widely used
    because of their effectiveness
     These techniques are more effective then
    lectures in situations which are not easily
    demonstrable in live lectures, such as open
    heart surgery, visual tour of a factory
    Pros and Cons

    Pros
     It is easy to provide this training and the trainer
    can follow-up with questions and discussion.
     It is also easy to assure that the same
    information is presented to each trainee.
    Cons
     It is expensive to develop
    Simulated Training

     Simulated training is a method in which trainees learn on


    the actual or simulated equipment they will use in the
    job, but are actually trained off the job
     Trainees participate in a reality-based, interactive activity
    where they imitate actions required on the job.
     It is necessary when it is too costly or dangerous to train
    employees on-the-job such as in airplane pilot training
    Pros and Cons

    Pros
     It is a useful technique for skills development.
     Training becomes more reality-based, as trainees are
    actively involved in the learning process.
     It directly applies to jobs performed after training.
    Cons
     Simulations are time-consuming.
     The trainer must be very skilled and make sure that
    trainees practice the skills correctly. Only perfect practice
    makes perfect.
    Computer-Based Training

     CBT is a method in which a trainee learns


    by executing special training programs on
    a computer relating to his/her job
     Trainee uses interactive computer based
    systems to increase his or her knowledge
    or skills
    Some Computer-based training
    techniques
    Computer-based Programmed Instruction (CPI)

     Computer-based Programmed Instruction (CPI)


    programs consist of text, graphics and multimedia
    enhancements that are stored in memory.
     The CPI program presents the trainees with information
    in the chunk, and then tests them on their retention of
    the information.
    Some Computer-based training
    techniques

    Computer-Managed Instruction (CMI)

     Computer-managed instruction (CMI) uses


    a computer to manage the administrative
    functions of training, such as registration,
    record keeping, scoring and grading.
    Some Computer-based training
    techniques

    Intelligent Computer-Assisted Instruction (ICAI)

     When the CBT system is able to provide some of the


    primary characteristics of a human tutor, it referred to an
    ICAI system.
     Expert systems are used to run the tutoring aspect of the
    training, monitor trainee knowledge within a programmed
    knowledge model and provide adaptive tutoring based
    on trainee responses.
    Some Computer-based training
    techniques

    Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS)

     Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) make use of artificial


    intelligence to provide tutoring that is more advanced
    then ICAI type tutoring.
     ITS learns through trainee responses the best methods
    of facilitating the trainee’s learning.
    Some Computer-based training
    techniques

    Simulations

     Computer simulations provide a representation of


    a situation and the tasks to be performed in the
    situation.
     Trainees perform the tasks presented to them by
    the computer program and the computer monitors
    their performance.
    Some Computer-based training
    techniques

    Virtual Reality

     Virtual reality is an advanced form of computer simulation, placing


    the trainee in a simulated environment that is virtually the same as
    the physical environment.
     This simulation is accomplished by the trainee wearing special
    equipment such as head gear, gloves and so on, which control what
    the trainee is able to see, feel and other senses.
     The trainee learns by interacting with objects in the electronic
    environment to achieve some goal.
    Pros and Cons

    Pros
     Quick and faster
     Instructional consistency
     Increased retention

    Cons
     Very expensive
    Distance and Internet-Based Training

    Distance training includes:


     Teletraining
    With teletraining, a trainer in a central location teaches groups of
    employees at remote location via television hookups.

     Videoconferencing
    Videoconferencing allows people in one location to communicate live
    via a combination of audio and visual equipment with people in
    another city or country, or with groups in several cities.
    Internet-Based Training

     It is defined as a planned
    teaching/learning experience uses Internet
    or computer-based, to reach learners.
     Many firms use IBT. They let their
    employees take online courses offered by
    online course providers
    Pros and Cons

    Pros
     Quick
     Inexpensive

    Cons
     Lack of human contact

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