Activity # 6 Lipids
Activity # 6 Lipids
Activity # 6 Lipids
LIPIDS
GROUP #2
NUCLEOTIDE, FATTY ACID, POLYMERIZATION, MUTATION,
ALCOHOL, PROTEIN, DISACCHARIDE, AMINES, CATABOLISM
OBJECTIVES
CHOLESTEROL ACETONE 1
Acrolein test is used to detect the presence of glycerol or fat. When fat is
treated strongly in the presence of a dehydrating agent like potassium bisulphate
(KHSO4), the glycerol portion of the molecule is dehydrated to form an
unsaturated aldehyde, acrolein that has a pungent irritating odor.
It is concluded that each sample has different odors (or in some cases, odorless).
The glycerol has a sour odor. The olive oil was odorless. The cholesterol has an
odor of an acetone. The coconut oil has a fragrant odor. Each sample was rated
from lowest to highest (1 to 4). Lowest (1) has the weakest odor while highest
(4) has the strongest odor. The cholesterol sample is 4 for the reason that it has
the strongest odor whereas the olive oil sample is 1 as it was odorless which
means there was no odor or smell detected.
TEST FOR UNSATURATION
SAMPLE # of drops of IODINE
SOLUTION
STEARIC ACID
(C18H36O2) 5
OLIVE OIL
((CH3(CH2))n COOH 2
OLEIC ACID
(C18H36O2) 2
TEST FOR UNSATURATION
SAMPLE OBSERVATION INTERPRETATION
- didn’t
changed - it’s also SATURATED FATTY
- Not SOLUBLE in iodine; doesn’t ACID because it didn’t show any
STEARIC ACID show any reaction to iodine. reaction to the iodine.
(C18H36O2) - Orange color of the iodine.
OLIVE OIL - Olive oil and the iodine solution didn’t - it’s SATURATED means it’s a single
mixed unless being shake , it’s bond and contain maximized # of
((CH3(CH2))n COOH IMMISCIBLE. hydrogen.
- Some particle of the oil didn’t mixed in the
- It’s saturated because it didn’t react
iodine.
- Light red and contains light purple color that fast to iodine takes time before
around it. we see the reaction.
OLEIC ACID - it’s also IMMISCIBLE, not unless being shake. - Saturated it also takes time to
- The iodine stays in the middle of the oleic react with iodine.
(C18H36O2) acid
- Light orange with light reddish color
around it.
CONCLUSION
NO COLOR
OLIVE OIL CHANGE NO COLOR CHANGE
WHITE COLOR AT
CHOLESTEROL THE BOTTOM NO COLOR CHANGE
AFTER 5 MINS.
AFTER 5 MINS.
CONCLUSION
DETERGENT SOLUTION
SOAP SOLUTION
MgCl2 Cloudy
CHEMICAL TESTS ON SOAP AND
SYNTHETIC DETERGENT
10 mL soap solution with 4 drops of 10 mL detergent solution with 4
mineral oil drops of mineral oil
The mineral oil was seen at the top and at The solution became cloudy.
the bottom of the soap solution.
It took 5 drops for the litmus paper to It took 40 drops for the litmus paper to
react reddish. react almost reddish.
CHEMICAL TESTS ON SOAP AND
SYNTHETIC DETERGENT
Methyl Iodine with HCl soap solution Methyl Iodine with HCl detergent
solution
The brown part feels hot while the white It feels hot, the bottom is white and it has
part of the solution doesn’t feel as hot. a strong sour odor.
CONCLUSION
CaCl2, MgCl2 and FeCl3 are generally insoluble in detergent/soap solution creating
precipitate and it makes the solution break down and lose it effectiveness.
Mineral oil and Soap/Detergent solution
Soap and detergent acts as an emulsification that helps bring oil and water together so that
the dirt and grease can be easily rinsed away because soap and detergent have hydrophilic
head and hydrophobic tail.
4 mL Soap/Detergent solution with dilute HCl
Laundry detergents include enzymes. The enzymes would be inactive if enough acid is
added to get the pH outside the enzymes working range. The anionic surfactants would
combine with H+ ions from the acid to form non-charged poorly soluble forms of the
compounds, which Would try to separate as an oily layer. Soap solution with diluted HCl
produces a mixture of fatty acids. Fatty acids are long chain carboxylic acids which may be
saturated or unsaturated.
CONCLUSION
Iodine reacts with chlorine in the presence of water to form iodic acid. Iodine reacts with
hot concentrated nitric acid to form iodic acid.
Iodine dissolves well in tetrachloromethane without any reaction. It dissolves to a small
extent in water. There is some reaction involved here I2 + H2O --> HI + HOI, but by no
means does all of the iodine react. Iodine reacts with many reducing agents (and seems to
dissolve).
SOUP SOLUTION
10mL of Detergent solution
with 4 drops of mineral oil