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Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galangang,

Katipunan ng mga anak ng Bayan (K.K.K)

Katipunan - Secret
philippine revolutionary
society against
Spaniards(1892).

Katipuneros - members of
Katipunan
FOUNDERS OF KATIPUNAN

• Deodato Arellano - First president of


katipunan
• Roman Basa - Second President
• Andres Bonifacio - Third President
(Supremo)

• Had about 30,000 members by the


time it was found out
• Initiated by Filipino patriots Andres
Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao
Diwa, and others, when Filipino writer
Jose Rizal was sentenced to banished
to Dapitan.
• Founded along Azcarrage St. (Claro M.
Recto Ave.)
FAMOUS KATIPUNERAS

• Gregoria de Jesus
(Lakambini of Katipunan)
• Marina Dizon
• Benita Rodriguez
FAMOUS KATIPUNERAS

• Melchora Aquino “Tandang Sora”

-Mother of Katipunan/Mother of Balintawak


3 aims of Katipunan

• To unite Filipinos into one solid nation

• To win Philippine independence by means


of an armed conflict

• To establish communist republic after


independence
"Ang Kalayaan" (The Liberty) - KKK's own
publication/news paper

Kartilya ng katipunan - served as the


guidebook for new members made by Andres
Bonifacio and Emilio Jacinto

• Emilio Jacinto – studied


law at UST
- Brains of the Katipunan
SUPREME COUNCIL

Kataas-taasang Sanggunian/Sanggunian
• Pangulo - Elected President
• Secretary - Kalihim
• Treasurer - Tagaingat-yaman
• Fiscal - tagausig
• Kasanguni – councilors
• Comptroller - tagasiyasat
TRIANGLE SYSTEM

System of
recruitment
Rizal’s advice to Katipunan

Bonifacio sent Dr. Pio Valenzuela to Dapitan


to seek Rizal's advice regarding the planned
revolution.
• Timing was not right
• Lack of arms
• Gain support from influencial people
• Recommended Antonio Luna as
commander of armed forces
• August 19, 1896 - Katipunan was
discovered

• August 26, 1896 - Cry of Balintawak


(the start of Philippine Revolution)

• August 29, 1896 - they attacked


Spaniards. they begin at the gate
of Manila and enter in Intramuros.
End of Katipunan

• Katipunan was replaced after Tejeros


Convention

• Emilio Aguinaldo won as the President

• Andres Bonifacio as Secretary of


Interior
FACTS ABOUT KATIPUNAN

 It already had a National Anthem – Julio Nakpil’s “Marangal na


Dalit ng Katagalugan”
Camara Secreta/Camara Negra/Camara Reina – A Secret
Chamber to punish members who betrayed or broke the Laws of
Katipunan.
Real de Kakarong de Sili – First ever Republic organized by the
Katipuneros established in Bulacan. Unfortunately, it lasted for
only a month.
- Spaniards massacred 1,000-3,000 Katipuneros and the most
famous survivor is Gregorio del Pilar.
Kataas-taasang, Kagalang-galangang, Katipunan
ng mga anak ng Bayan (KKK) was formed on the
night of July 7 when Filipino writer Jose Rizal
was to be banished to Dapitan.

Initiated by:
• Andres Bonifacio
• Teodoro Plata
• Ladislao Diwa
• And others
• Teodoro Patiño – confessed Katipunan’s illegal
activities

• Cry of Pugad Lawin (August 23, 1896)


-The Philippine revolution exploded.
-Assembled 30,000 members of Katipunan
-Tore up their cedulas led by the founder, Andres
Bonifacio.

• Revolution spread from Manila to Cavite to Laguna,


Batangas, Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac, and Nueva
Ecija.
RIZAL'S EXECUTION

- Rizal was ordered by General Eulogio Despujol that he


would be shipped back to Manila via transport ship
Colon.

- The Colon reached Manila on November 03, 1896 and


Rizal was quietly transferred to Fort Santiago.

- November 20 - preliminary investigation began with


Colonel Francisco Olive (Judge Advocate)
RIZAL'S EXECUTION

• Rizal was accused of being the


"principal organizer and the living soul
of the Filipino insurrection, the
founder of societies, periodicals and
books dedicated to formenting and
propagating ideas of rebellion”

• December 26, 1896 - the trial of Rizal


commenced at the Cuartel de España
RIZAL'S EXECUTION

• Lt. Enrique de Alcocer - the


prosecuting attorney who urged the
court to give the verdict of death to
Rizal.

• The Military Court - unanimously


voted for the sentence of death.
RIZAL'S EXECUTION

• Governor-General Camilo de
Polavieja -affirmed the decision of
the court martial and ordered Rizal
to be shot at 7:00 in the morning of
Decemver 30, 1896 at Luneta de
Bagumbayan Field.
BONIFACIO EXECUTION

Katipuneros Faction:

•Magdalo Faction- Headed by


Aguinaldo
•Magdiwang Faction- Headed by
Bonifacio
BONIFACIO EXECUTION

• March 22, 1897 - Assembly was held


at Tejeros (a.k.a Tejeros Convention)
to settle the leadership issue and to
elect officers of the revolutionary
government.

• -Aguinaldo won as President


BONIFACIO EXECUTION

• Bonifacio relegated as Interior


Director and it was protested by
Daniel Tirona

• Bonifacio declared the election as


void.
BONIFACIO EXECUTION

• Bonifacio formed a military


agreement; creating a government
contending Aguinaldo’s.

• Bonifacio was sentenced to death by


the war council of Aguinaldo's
government.
BONIFACIO EXECUTION

• May 19, 1987 - General Mariano


Noriel ordered Major Lazaro
Makapagal to execute Bonifacio at
foothills of Mt.Buntis.
THE BIAK-NA-BATO REPUBLIC

Emilio Aguinaldo
established his
headquarters in Biak-na-
Bato, Bulacan
THE BIAK-NA-BATO REPUBLIC

July 1897

Biak-na-Bato Republic demands:

• Expulsion of the friars and return of the friar Lands to


the Filipinos.

• Representation of the Philippines in the Spanish


cortes.
THE BIAK-NA-BATO REPUBLIC

• Freedom of the Press and of the Religion

• Abolition of the government's power to


banish Filipinos.

• Equality for all before the Law


THE BIAK-NA-BATO REPUBLIC

• November 1, 1897 - Aguinaldo was elected as


the President of Biak-na-Bato Republic.

• A charter based in the Cuban Constitution was


also drafted by Felix Ferrer and Isabel Artacho. It
was signed on November 1, 1897.
THE BIAK-NA-BATO REPUBLIC

• Biak-na-Bato provided for the establishment of a


supreme council that would served as the highest
governing body of the republic.

• -Emilio Aguinaldo and Mariano Trias were elected


Supreme Council President and Vice President
respectively.
"Propaganda"

- is a form of communication to
distribute information. It is always
biased. The information is designed to
make people feel a certain way or to
believe a certain thing. The information
is often political.
"Propaganda Movement"

• Peaceful crusade or campaign for


reforms

• It was organized and participated by


the illustrados
• 1872 (GOMBURZA)

• led by Dr. Jose Rizal,


Marcel H. del Pilar and
Graciano Lopez Jaena
"Propagandists"

• They were scions of good families,


highly intelligent, educated,
patriotic, and courageous, who
symbolized the flower of filipino
manhood.

• Marcelo H. Del Pilar > A lawyer and


a journalist.
"Propagandists"

• Jose Rizal > Physician- novelist and a


many splendored genius.

• Graciano Lopez Jaena > The greatest


orator of the Propaganda Movement.

• Mariano Ponce > A medical student


and a biographical writer.
"The Anti-Friar Manifesto of 1888"

• March 1, 1888
• led by Doroteo Cortes, Manila patriotic
lawyer
• assisted by Marcelo H. del Pilar and Jose A.
Ramos
• it requested the expulsion of the friars
from the Philippines
"La Solidaridad"

• A newspaper founded by Graciano


Lopez Jaena in Barcelona on
February 15, 1889.

• La Solidaridad was created due to


the reality that mass media is
important in propagating the
Propaganda objectives.
-Aims of La Solidaridad-

To portray vividly the deplorable condition of


the Philippines,

> To worlk peacefully for the Political and social


reforms,

To combat the evil forces of medievalism and


reactions,
-Aims of La Solidaridad-

To advocate libreal ideas and progress

> To champion the legitimate aspirations


of the filipino people for democracy and
happiness.
"End of Propaganda Movement”

• Rizal’s arrest to Dapitan marks the end of


the Propaganda Movement

• Los Compromisarios - a group organized in


purpose of prolonging the movement

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