Here are the answers to the quiz questions:
1. Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs (alveoli) in one or both lungs, causing them to fill with fluid or pus.
2-3. Two causative agents of pneumonia are Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza viruses.
4. One laboratory test used to diagnose pneumonia is a chest X-ray.
5. One example of a preventive measure for pneumonia is receiving the pneumococcal vaccine, especially for children younger than 5 and adults ages 65 and older.
Here are the answers to the quiz questions:
1. Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs (alveoli) in one or both lungs, causing them to fill with fluid or pus.
2-3. Two causative agents of pneumonia are Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza viruses.
4. One laboratory test used to diagnose pneumonia is a chest X-ray.
5. One example of a preventive measure for pneumonia is receiving the pneumococcal vaccine, especially for children younger than 5 and adults ages 65 and older.
Here are the answers to the quiz questions:
1. Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs (alveoli) in one or both lungs, causing them to fill with fluid or pus.
2-3. Two causative agents of pneumonia are Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza viruses.
4. One laboratory test used to diagnose pneumonia is a chest X-ray.
5. One example of a preventive measure for pneumonia is receiving the pneumococcal vaccine, especially for children younger than 5 and adults ages 65 and older.
Here are the answers to the quiz questions:
1. Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs (alveoli) in one or both lungs, causing them to fill with fluid or pus.
2-3. Two causative agents of pneumonia are Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza viruses.
4. One laboratory test used to diagnose pneumonia is a chest X-ray.
5. One example of a preventive measure for pneumonia is receiving the pneumococcal vaccine, especially for children younger than 5 and adults ages 65 and older.
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 12
Pneumonia
Reporter: Cheren Cate Balogo
Learning Outcomes At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to: • define Pneumonia • identify the specific causative agents, symptoms, risk factors, and complications associated with Pneumonia • Familiarize the laboratory tests used to diagnose Pneumonia • determine ways to prevent the manifestation of Pneumonia as well as the ways that it can be treated Pneumonia • Greek word pneumon (lungs) + ia (suffix for disease) • an infection that inflames the air sacs (alveoli) in one or both lungs. • the air sacs may be filled with fluid or pus (purulent material), causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty in breathing. • Caused by bacteria, virus, and fungi Three Main Types of Pneumonia • Bacterial pneumonia Streptococcus pneumoniae Haemophilus influenzae Staphylococcus aureus
Histoplasma capsulatum Coccidioides immitis Diagnosis • Chest X-ray • Blood tests (Arterial blood gas testing) • Sputum culture • Pulse oximetry • Chest CT scan • Bronchoscopy • Pleural fluid culture Additional Symptoms • Bluish color of lips and fingernails • Confused mental state or delirium, especially in older people • Cough that produces green, yellow, or bloody mucus • Loss of appetite • Low energy and extreme tiredness • Rapid breathing • Rapid pulse • Sharp or stabbing chest pain that’s worse with deep breathing or coughing • Shortness of breath that gets worse with activity Risk Factors • Age - adults that are 65 years and older - Children younger than age 2 • Certain medical conditions/disorders - malnutrition • Weakened immune system - people living with HIV/AIDS • People that smoke Complications • Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This is a severe form of respiratory failure wherein fluid leaks into the lungs. • Lung abscesses. These are pockets of pus that form inside or around the lung. They may need to be drained with surgery • Respiratory failure. This requires the use of a breathing machine or ventilator. • Sepsis. This is when the infection gets into the blood. It may lead to organ failure. Preventive & Control Measures • Immunizations -flu shot • Pneumonococcal vaccine - for children younger than age 5 & adults ages 65 and older
• Proper hygiene and sanitary practices
• Proper Nutrition • Avoid Smoking and alcohol abuse Treatment • Antibiotics (for bacterial infection) • Antiviral drugs or antifungal drugs (for viral and fungal infection) • Other treatment may include eating well, increasing fluid intake, getting rest, oxygen therapy, pain medicine, fever control, and cough-relief medicine if cough is severe. Quiz On a 1/8 sheet of paper, answer the following: 1. Define pneumonia based on what we’ve previously discussed. 2-3 Give only two causative agents of pneumonia 4. Name one laboratory test used to diagnose pneumonia 5. Give one example of the preventive measures for pneumonia