Lift Shear Walls Individual Compression Shear Walls

SHEAR WALLS
• LIFT SHEAR WALLS

• INDIVIDUAL COMPRESSION SHEAR WALLS
SUBMITTED BY:
LATIFA ZAHID
BARCH1514
SHEAR WALLS
•Designed to resist lateral forces of earthquakes and winds.
•Excellent structural system to resist earthquake.
•Provided throughout the entire height of wall.
•Shear wall columns are taken in both axis and give stability
to the structure.
•Their thickness can be as low as 150mm, or as high as
400mm in high rise buildings.
•Shear walls are like vertically-oriented wide beams that
carry earthquake loads downwards to the foundation.
• Shear wall represent the most efficient structural element to take lateral force
acting on a multi-storey building and to transfer them to foundation.
• Shear wall is a structural element used to resist lateral/horizontal/shear forces
parallel to the plane of the wall by cantilever action.
•They are usually constant in size from bottom to top. They are like columns
compression members. They replace masonry walls. Lift walls are also
compression shear walls of shape of the lift core and are constant from
foundation to lift mc room level.
Purpose of constructing shear walls
•Shear walls are not only designed to resist gravity /
vertical loads, but they are also designed for
lateral loads of earthquakes & wind.
•Shear wall structural systems are more stable.
•Walls have to resist the uplift forces caused by the
pull of the wind.
•Walls have to resist the shear forces that try to
push the walls over.
Parameters to be considered
•Shear walls carry large horizontal earthquake forces, the overturning effects
on them are large. Thus, design of their foundations requires special
attention. Shear walls should be provided along preferably both length and
width.
•However, if they are provided along only one direction, a proper grid of
beams and columns in the vertical plane (called a moment-resistant frame)
must be provided along the other direction to resist strong earthquake
effects.
•Door or window openings can be provided in shear walls, but their size must
be small to ensure least interruption to force flow through walls.
• Shear walls in buildings must be symmetrically located in plan to reduce ill-
effects of twist in buildings. They could be placed symmetrically along one or
both directions in plan. Shear walls are more effective when located along
exterior perimeter of the building – such a layout increases resistance of the
building to twisting.
CLASSIFICATION OF SHEAR WALLS
1. SIMPLE RECTANGULAR TYPE , BARBELL AND
FLANGED WALLS
2. COUPLED WALLS
3. RIGID FRAME SHEAR WALLS
4. FRAMED WALL WITH INFILLED FRAMES
5. COLUMN SUPPORT SHEAR WALLS
6. CORE TYPE SHEAR WALLS
SIMPLE RECTANGLE AND BAR COUPLED WALLS
BELL TYPE FREE STANDING When two or more shear walls are
WALLS connected by a system of beams or
slabs, total stiffness exceeds the
summation of individual stiffness.
This is because the connecting beam
Barbell type walls are not commonly restrains individual cantilever action.
used these days.
Coupling Beams.
Specially designed beams used to connect shear walls/ piers together to provide additional
stiffness and energy dissipation.
CORE TYPE SHEAR WALLS
LIFT SHEAR WALLS
•Lift walls are compression shear walls of shape of the lift core and are constant from foundation
to lift machine room level.
•It supports the horizontal earth pressure below the floor level.
•It prevents seepage of water into lift pit
• As lift frames are drilled to the wall, a concrete wall provides better anchorage.
Lift shear wall reinforcement detail
Reinforcement in RC Walls:
•Steel reinforcing bars are to be provided in walls in
regularly spaced vertical and horizontal grids.
•The vertical and horizontal reinforcement in the wall can
be placed in one or two parallel layers called curtains.
•Horizontal reinforcement needs to be anchored at the
ends of walls.
•The minimum area of reinforcing steel to be provided is
0.0025 times the cross-sectional area, along each of the
horizontal and vertical directions.
•This vertical reinforcement should be distributed
uniformly across the wall cross-section.
DESIGN STEPS FOR SHEAR WALL
Step -1: Review of the layout of cantilever wall systems.
Step-2: Derivation of gravity loads and equivalent masses
Step- 3: Estimation of earthquake design force
Step-4: Analysis of the structural systems
Step -5: Consideration of wind loads and climatic factors
Step- 6: Determination of design action
Step- 7: Design for flexural strength
Step- 8: Design for shear strength
Step-9: Detailing of reinforcement
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGE
ADVANTAGE:
•Provide large strength and stiffness in the direction of orientation.
•Significantly reduces lateral sway.
•Resists lateral forces of earthquake and wind.
•Shear walls are structurally effective for tall structures like 30 floors plus.
•Lift shear walls in the core take up most of the seismic forces acting on the building
DISADVANTAGE :
•Cost is more.
•Construction is tedious.
•Changes in walls cannot be done after the construction is completed.
REFERENCES
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258590981_Shear_Wall_Construction_in_Buildings_
A_Conceptual_Framework_on_the_Aspect_of_Analysis_and_Design
http://www.brainkart.com/article/Coupled-shear-walls_5031/
https://www.slideshare.net/rashadbinabdulla/shear-wall-44526621
https://civildigital.com/shear-wall-functions-loads-transfer-mechanism-design-example-shear-
wall/
https://theconstructor.org/structural-engg/shear-walls-structural-forms-positioning/6235/
THANKYOU!

Lift Shear Walls Individual Compression Shear Walls

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SHEAR WALLS

• LIFT SHEAR WALLS

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