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    Cerebral Palsy: Fauziah Rudhiati, M.Kep., Ns - Sp.Kep - An

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    Popi Nurmalasari
    Cerebral palsy is a disorder of muscle control that leads to difficulty in movement and motor skills. It is typically caused by injury or damage to the motor control center of the brain before, during, or shortly after birth. Common causes include infections, complications during birth like lack of oxygen, prematurity, or unknown causes in about 30% of cases. A baby with cerebral palsy may have abnormal muscle tone, either stiff or floppy muscles. There are different types of cerebral palsy characterized by the affected muscles - spastic, athetoid, ataxic, or mixed. Therapy aims to relax muscles, train movement, facilitate development, and develop normal muscle tone.

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    Cerebral Palsy: Fauziah Rudhiati, M.Kep., Ns - Sp.Kep - An

    Uploaded by

    Popi Nurmalasari
    109 views16 pages
    Cerebral palsy is a disorder of muscle control that leads to difficulty in movement and motor skills. It is typically caused by injury or damage to the motor control center of the brain before, during, or shortly after birth. Common causes include infections, complications during birth like lack of oxygen, prematurity, or unknown causes in about 30% of cases. A baby with cerebral palsy may have abnormal muscle tone, either stiff or floppy muscles. There are different types of cerebral palsy characterized by the affected muscles - spastic, athetoid, ataxic, or mixed. Therapy aims to relax muscles, train movement, facilitate development, and develop normal muscle tone.

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    Cerebral palsy

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    Cerebral Palsy

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    Cerebral palsy is a disorder of muscle control that leads to difficulty in movement and motor skills. It is typically caused by injury or damage to the motor control center of the brain before, during, or shortly after birth. Common causes include infections, complications during birth like lack of oxygen, prematurity, or unknown causes in about 30% of cases. A baby with cerebral palsy may have abnormal muscle tone, either stiff or floppy muscles. There are different types of cerebral palsy characterized by the affected muscles - spastic, athetoid, ataxic, or mixed. Therapy aims to relax muscles, train movement, facilitate development, and develop normal muscle tone.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    109 views16 pages

    Cerebral Palsy: Fauziah Rudhiati, M.Kep., Ns - Sp.Kep - An

    Uploaded by

    Popi Nurmalasari
    Cerebral palsy is a disorder of muscle control that leads to difficulty in movement and motor skills. It is typically caused by injury or damage to the motor control center of the brain before, during, or shortly after birth. Common causes include infections, complications during birth like lack of oxygen, prematurity, or unknown causes in about 30% of cases. A baby with cerebral palsy may have abnormal muscle tone, either stiff or floppy muscles. There are different types of cerebral palsy characterized by the affected muscles - spastic, athetoid, ataxic, or mixed. Therapy aims to relax muscles, train movement, facilitate development, and develop normal muscle tone.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    CEREBRAL PALSY

    Fauziah Rudhiati, M.Kep., Ns.Sp.Kep.An


    According to the
    WHO cerebral palsy
    (CP) is a disorder of
    muscle control that
    leads to difficulty in
    movement,
    positioning of the
    body, and
    performance of
    motor skills
    CP is typically caused by an injury or the
    damage to the motor control center before,
    during or shortly after birth.
    • Causes before birth:
    Infections
    Differences between the blood of mother and
    child (Rh incompatibility).
    Problems of the mother, such as diabetes or
    toxemia of pregnancy.
    Inherited
    No cause can be found in about 30% of the
    children.
    • Causes around the time of birth:
    Lack of oxygen (air) at birth.
    Birth injuries from difficult births.
    Prematurity.
    • Causes after birth:
    Very high fever
    Brain infections (meningitis, encephalitis).
    Head injuries.
    Lack of oxygen from drowning, gas
    poisoning, or other causes.
    Poisoning
    Bleeding or blood clots in the
    brain, often from unknown
    cause.
    Brain tumors.
    Communication difficulties
    Difficulties in taking care of the child
    Feeding Problem

    A baby with CP typically has abnormal


    muscle tone. The muscles may be either:
    • Stiff (hypertonic)
    • Floppy (soft, flaccid)
    Types of CP
    • Spastic (50-60%)
    a. diplegia
    b. hemiplegia
    c. quadriplegia
    • Athetoid / Athetoid
    (25-30%)
    • Ataxic (5%)
    • Mixed type (5%)
    TYPES OF CEREBRAL PALSY
    1. MUSCLE STIFFNESS OR
    'SPASTICITY'
    The child who is 'spastic' has
    muscle stiffness, or 'muscle
    tension'. This causes part of
    his body to be rigid, or stiff.
    MUSCLE STIFFNESS
    OR
    'SPASTICITY'
    MUSCLE STIFFNESS
    OR
    'SPASTICITY'
    Parts of the body affected

    DEPENDING ON WHICH LIMBS ARE INVOLVED, THERE ARE 3 TYPICAL PATTERNS:


    TYPES OF CEREBRAL PALSY
    2. UNCONTROLLED MOVEMENTS
    These are slow,
    OR 'ATHETOSIS'
    wriggly, or sudden
    quick movements of
    the child's feet, arms,
    hands, or face
    muscles.
    TYPES OF CEREBRAL PALSY
    3. POOR BALANCE OR 'ATAXIA'

    The child who has


    'ataxia', or poor
    balance, has
    difficulty beginning
    to sit and stand.
    TYPES OF CEREBRAL PALSY

    4. Mixed

    • Combination of any type


    • Results in severe degree of physical
    impairment
    To reduce or overcome these problems, the
    following physiotherapy, occupational therapy
    and speech therapy techniques are used.
    Therapy aims at:
    • Relaxing muscles
    • Training in movement which encourages normal
    body postures
    • Facilitating development of delayed milestones
    • Training in activities of daily living. This involves
    working closely and effectively with the child,
    mother and family (Occupational therapy +
    Physiotherapy)
    • Developing normal muscle tone and bulk (avoid
    disuse atrophy)

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