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    Basic Concepts in Computer Aided Design (CAD) Part1

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    karona
    Here are the answers to the self-check questions: 1. Advantages of CAD over manual drafting include increased accuracy, ability to easily make changes to designs, increased productivity through automation of repetitive tasks, ability to share files electronically and collaborate remotely. 2. CAD drawings need coordinate systems to precisely define the location and position of every geometric entity like points, lines and arcs in the drawing. The coordinate system allows uniquely identifying the x,y position of each object. 3. AutoCAD uses the Cartesian coordinate system to construct drawings. It employs both the World Coordinate System (WCS) and User Coordinate Systems (UCS) to locate objects based on x, y and z axes.

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    Basic Concepts in Computer Aided Design (CAD) Part1

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    karona
    128 views25 pages
    Here are the answers to the self-check questions: 1. Advantages of CAD over manual drafting include increased accuracy, ability to easily make changes to designs, increased productivity through automation of repetitive tasks, ability to share files electronically and collaborate remotely. 2. CAD drawings need coordinate systems to precisely define the location and position of every geometric entity like points, lines and arcs in the drawing. The coordinate system allows uniquely identifying the x,y position of each object. 3. AutoCAD uses the Cartesian coordinate system to construct drawings. It employs both the World Coordinate System (WCS) and User Coordinate Systems (UCS) to locate objects based on x, y and z axes.

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    Here are the answers to the self-check questions: 1. Advantages of CAD over manual drafting include increased accuracy, ability to easily make changes to designs, increased productivity through automation of repetitive tasks, ability to share files electronically and collaborate remotely. 2. CAD drawings need coordinate systems to precisely define the location and position of every geometric entity like points, lines and arcs in the drawing. The coordinate system allows uniquely identifying the x,y position of each object. 3. AutoCAD uses the Cartesian coordinate system to construct drawings. It employs both the World Coordinate System (WCS) and User Coordinate Systems (UCS) to locate objects based on x, y and z axes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    128 views25 pages

    Basic Concepts in Computer Aided Design (CAD) Part1

    Uploaded by

    karona
    Here are the answers to the self-check questions: 1. Advantages of CAD over manual drafting include increased accuracy, ability to easily make changes to designs, increased productivity through automation of repetitive tasks, ability to share files electronically and collaborate remotely. 2. CAD drawings need coordinate systems to precisely define the location and position of every geometric entity like points, lines and arcs in the drawing. The coordinate system allows uniquely identifying the x,y position of each object. 3. AutoCAD uses the Cartesian coordinate system to construct drawings. It employs both the World Coordinate System (WCS) and User Coordinate Systems (UCS) to locate objects based on x, y and z axes.

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    of 25

    BASIC CONCEPTS IN COMPUTER

    AIDED DESIGN (CAD)


    KISHAN GUNESEGERAN
    INTI INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY NILAI
    WHAT IS AUTOCAD?

    • AutoCAD is a CAD (Computer Aided Design or Computer Aided Drafting)


    software application for 2D and 3D design and drafting.
    INTRODUCTION
    • This topic explains all the important basic concepts and commands used in
    AutoCAD.
    • The basic concepts included in this topic are the coordinate system used in
    AutoCAD, entry of commands, User Coordinate System (UCS) and World
    Coordinate System (WCS).
    • The second par of this topic covers basic commands such as commands,
    objects snap and editing commands.
    • This topic is organized systematically for beginners to learn AutoCAD in the
    simplest manner or in the shortest time
    INTRODUCTION TO AUTOCAD

    • According to the Wisegeek website, AutoCAD was one of the Computer Aided
    Design programmes to be made available on personal computers.
    • It is built to help people design buildings, products or public spaces without
    having to draw up plans by hand.
    • It was released in 1982 by Autodesk, Inc. and offered a personal solution to
    software that was previously released only for larger workstations.
    • Do you know the advantages of using AUTOCAD?
    INTRODUCTION TO AUTOCAD

    • The advantages of using AUTOCAD for drawing are the working environment,
    interface and the uniformity that exist in most Windows applications.
    • Figure down shows the AutoCAD screen menu area.
    • AutoCAD uses both standard toolbars and a pull down menu,
    STEPS!
    • Choose NEW from the File Menu or type NEW at the command prompt.
    • The File New dialogue box, similar to the following illustrations in figure below
    appear on the screen.
    • If you want to give a name for your new drawing, enter a name for the drawing in
    the New Drawing Names edit box. (If you prefer, you can ignore this option first)
    • Click OK, so as to execute the command. Upon selection OK, if the system asked for
    replacement of File, this is to inform you that the Filename you gave already exits.
    • If you want to overwrite the previous file, then select YES or else click NO
    ENTERING COMMANDS
    The following are steps in entering a command;

    a) Command Entry

    All commands in AutoCAD can be entered from the keyboard, icons and the
    pull-down menu.
    ENTERING COMMANDS

    b) Data Entry
    When a command is used, you usually have to supply additional information to
    specify how, where or upon what the requested action should be performed.

    One can respond to the AutoCAD prompt by entering Numeric Value, Specifying
    Points Angles and Distance
    ENTERING COMMANDS
    c) Entity Selection
    The user can select one or more entities for processing.
    The collection of entities is called Selection Set.
    One can interactively add entities to (just continue Clicking) or remove entities
    form (using [Shift] + Click) the selection set.
    AutoCAD highlights the selected entities using dotted lines to assist the user
    COORDINATE SYSTEMS

    • AutoCAD`s drawing environment is based on the Cartesian coordinate system


    which is used to locate point in space.
    • In to Two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, two infinitely long axed
    are placed at right angles in a single plane.
    • The horizontal axis is called the X-axis and the vertical axis is called the Y-
    axis.
    • The planes that contain these axes are called the X-Y plane.
    WAY TO PROVIDE COMMAND
    1.

    2.

    3.
    • This system is two-dimensional only a single x-y plane can exist within it and all
    point must lie somewhere on the plane.
    • The x-axis and the y-axis intersect at a single point, called the origin.
    • Equidistant point, called coordinates, are placed along these axes.
    • Points on the x-axis to the right of the origin are positive in value and increase as
    they move farther from the origin.
    • Points on the x-axis to the left of the origin are negative in value and decrease
    as they become more distant from the origin.
    • Similarly, coordinate points on the y-axis are positive above the origin and
    negative below the origin.
    • The origin point itself is given x-y coordinated of zero
    • We can identify any point by associating an x and y coordinate point pair
    with it, relative to the x- and y- axes.
    • Imagine a point that is not located on either the x- or y axis. By extending a
    line from that point perpendicular to the x-axis, we obtain the x-coordinate
    value.
    • Extending a line perpendicular to the y-axis will obtain a y- coordinate point.
    • This combination of x and y coordinates is unique to that point and ay point
    on that plane can be identified and located in this fashion.
    • Points, line, arcs, circles and other 2-D drawing entities can be placed
    anywhere on the plane and their specific location can be obtained by
    determined the minimum set of coordinate points necessary to define them.
    • For example, a point requires a set of x and y coordinates, while a line
    segment requires 2 coordinate points.
    • An arc can be defined by 3 points, for example , two end point and a centre
    point. ( Z- axis.)
    • To specify 3D point, you may add a third element to the coordinate
    designation.
    ABSOLUTE X,Y

    • Represent the absolute real value of the drawing limits.


    • Example : LINE from 50,50 to 100,100 will draw a line from the position
    vector of 50,50 to the position vector of 100,100
    100,100

    100,100

    50,50 0

    0 Column1
    RELATIVE: @DELTA X, DELTA Y

    • Represents the relative position of x and y coordinates of the new point


    compared to the previous point.
    • For example, LINE from 50,50 to @100.0 will draw a line from the position
    vector of 50,50 to the position that is 100 units away from the previous point
    in the positive x direction
    • You can specify a point as an offset from the last point you entered.
    • Simply type “@” before the rest of the specification
    POLAR: @DIST < ANGLE
    • This is similar to the relative coordinate addressing.
    • This system make use of the distance and the direction angle of the new point away
    from the previous point.
    • For example, LINE from 50,50 to @50<0 will draw a line form the position vector of
    50,50 to the position that is 50 units away from the previous point in the Zero degree
    direction.
    • You can specify a point by entering its distance from the current User Coordinate
    System (UCS) origin and its angle in the XY plane, separated by <, for example
    @60<45
    HOW AUTOCAD WORKS
    There is a co-ordinate system used in AutoCAD.
    Every drawing shows its co-ordinate.
    In above next slide the line shows its co-ordinate that is ( 9,6 ) and (-10,-4).
    There is so many commands like copy, move ,rotate ,mirror in 2D, path array ,
    rectangular array, polar array & more.

    Different types of drawing can be made in the same time by using a command that
    is LAYER.

    Using line , arc , circle , rectangle , ellipse & polygon , so many drawing of different
    type can be made.
    CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM
    • Every thing that we draw in AutoCAD is exact.
    • All object drawn on screen is based on simple X-Y co-ordinate system.
    • In AutoCAD it is known as world co-ordinate system (WCS).
    • We are drawing a line, so we have two
    points A(-10,-4) and B(9,6).
    SELF CHECK 1

    1. What are the advantages of using CAD in engineering drawing compare to


    manual drafting?
    2. Why does a CAD drawing need coordinate systems to locate or position an
    object of a drawing?
    3. What systems is used to construct drawings in AutoCAD?

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