Final PLC

INTERNSHIP PRESENTATION
ON
PLC
PROGRAMMING
DEPARTMENT OF EE
PROGRAMMING LOGIC CONTROLLER
OUTLINE
1. What is plc. ?
2. Plc features
3. Plc connection with pc
4. Inputs and outputs of system
5. Statement list
6. Relay ladder logic
7. Ladder diagram with logic instruction
8. System component of plc, fild and
controller
9. Commercially available plc.'s
10. Siemens simatic, Allen brandley, Modicon
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What is a PLC?
Inputs Outputs
PLC - Programmable Logic Controller

A PLC is a digital (discrete) control system that
continuously monitors the status of devices connected
as inputs.
Based upon a user written program, stored in memory,
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it controls the status of devices connected as outputs.
PLC - Introduction
Relating the program to inputs and outputs
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PLC Features
PLC Features
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PLC Features
Small in size
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What are inputs?
• Switches and Push buttons
• Sensing Devices
• Limit Switches
• Photoelectric Sensors
• Proximity Sensors
• Condition Sensors
• Pressure Switches
• Level Switches
• Temperature Switches
• Vacuum Switches
• Float Switches
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• Encoders
What are outputs?
• Valves
• Motor Starters
• Solenoids
• Actuators
• Control Relays
• Horns & Alarms
• Stack Lights
• Fans
• Counter/Totalizer
• Pumps
• Printers
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Statement List
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* Ladder logic is possibly the simplest programming language.
* The principle behind the language is illustrated by a simple
electrical relay. (Electrical relay logic preceded PLC’s as
initially all logic was implemented in hard wired panels using
actual relays, timer, Counters etc.)
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Ladder Diagram
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*The three most common instructions in
ladder logic are:
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*
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*
HW
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* SW
HW
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* SW PLC
HW
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* SW PLC
HW
FIELD
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* SW PLC
HW
FIELD
CONTROLLED PROCESS or CONTROLLED MACHINE

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Commercially Available PLC’s
* A variety of PLCs are available on the market.
*Siemens Sematic PLCs
*Allen Bradley (AB) part of Rockwell Automation
* Modicon TSX PLCs
*ETC…
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Schematic of a PLC
Outputs & Power Supply

Communication
Ports (RS-485)
Inputs
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* Siemens Simatic
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* Allen Bradley
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* Modicon
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Comparing traditional and
programmable control systems
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Why PLCs?
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Comparing traditional and
programmable control systems
In traditional control, the switches S1, S2 and S3 must close
for K1 to be turned on - the wiring makes the rule
In PLC systems, the program is written to perform the logic

“when S1 is closed AND S2 is closed AND S3 is closed, THEN
turn on K1” - the program makes the rule
It is
• Much simpler (complexity)
• Much easier (difficulty)
• Much more reliable (fault free)
• Much more effective (cost and time )
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to change program then wiring!
How does a PLC differ from a
computer?
 A computer is optimized for calculation and display tasks

 A computer is more user focused and user friendly
 Not necessarily real time
 A PLC is more task/process oriented

 A PLC is designed for (logic) control and regulation tasks
 A PLC has to operate in real time
 A PLC is well adapted to industrial environment
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How does a PLC differ from a
computer?
 A computer is optimized for calculation and display tasks

 A computer is more user focused and user friendly
 Not necessarily real time
 A PLC is more task/process oriented

 A PLC is designed for (logic) control and regulation tasks
 A PLC has to operate in real time
 A PLC is well adapted to industrial environment
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What tasks do PLCs
perform?
 Logic control tasks: interlocking, sequencing,

timing and counting (previously undertaken with
relays or pneumatics)
A variety of calculation, communication and

monitoring tasks
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PLC main component: the
processor
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PLC Operating Cycle: the scanning
method
 An “Executive” program tells the PLC to:
1. Input Scan
 Scan the state of the Inputs
2. Program Scan
 Processes the program logic
3. Output Scan
 Activate/de-activate the outputs
4. Housekeeping
 This step includes communications, Internal
Diagnostics, etc.
 The steps are continually repeated - processed in a loop
 This program is stored in “non volatile” memory meaning that
the program
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Data Flow in the PLC
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What you need to know when specifying a PLC
•Quantity, Type and Location of I/O
• Number of Inputs and output points
• AC or DC voltage
• Analog or Discrete
• Concentrated or spread out (distributed)
•Communication Requirements
• Protocol/Network used
• Devices to communicate with (HMI, other PLCs, etc)
•Speed of Application
• Response time required (throughput) of the system
• How fast does the process change
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What you need to know when specifying a PLC
•Control Architecture Philosophy
•Centralized Control, Distributed Control or combination
•Redundancy - CPUs, Power Supplies, etc
•Programming Software
•IEC vs. 984
•Installed base / what is currently being used
•User Logic
•Size and complexity of Program
•Feedback control used
•etc.
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EXAMPLES OVER PLC SYSTEM
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IGEC SAGAR
PAINT STATION
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SLIDING STAIR
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TEMPRATURE READING
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conclusion
Conclusion is that plc. is better than the traditional
hard wired
System and plc. is used in industrial area and
automated system
and it can control traffic lite, sliding stairs etc.
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Reference
www.google.com
www.wikipedia.com
Taken from the book etc.
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FOR PAYING ATTENTION !!
SUBMITTED TO --- GUIDED BY ----

DR.ANURAG TRIVEDI MISS AAKANKSHA JAIN
HOD EE ENG. IGEC SAGAR
REPRESENTED BY
DEPARTMENT OF EE
VIVEKANAND TRIPATHI
0601EE183D12

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INTERNSHIP PRESENTATION

PLC - Programmable Logic Controller

Relating the program to inputs and outputs

CONTROLLED PROCESS or CONTROLLED MACHINE

* A variety of PLCs are available on the market.

*Siemens Sematic PLCs

*Allen Bradley (AB) part of Rockwell Automation

* Modicon TSX PLCs

Outputs & Power Supply

In PLC systems, the program is written to perform the logic

 A computer is optimized for calculation and display tasks

 A PLC is more task/process oriented

 A computer is optimized for calculation and display tasks

 A PLC is more task/process oriented

 Logic control tasks: interlocking, sequencing,

A variety of calculation, communication and

SUBMITTED TO --- GUIDED BY ----

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