Network Layer: Design Issues
Network Layer: Design Issues
Network Layer: Design Issues
Design Issues
Network Layer
• The network layer is concerned with getting
packets from the source all the way to the
destination with minimal coast.
• Unlike the DLL which has the more modest
goal of just moving frames from one end of a
wire to the other.
• Network Layer is the lowest layer that deals
with end-to-end transmission.
NETWORK LAYER DESIGN ISSUES
• Store-and-Forward Packet Switching
• Services Provided to the Transport Layer
• Implementation of Connectionless Service
• Implementation of Connection-Oriented
Service
• Comparison of Virtual-Circuit and Datagram
Networks
Store-and-Forward Packet Switching
• If connectionless • If connection-oriented
service is offered, service is used, a path
packets are injected from the source router all
into the network the way to the
individually and routed destination router must
independently of each be established before any
other. No advance data packets can be sent.
setup is needed. In this This connection is called
context, the packets a VC (virtual circuit),
are frequently called
datagrams.
Implementation of Connectionless
Service
• Suppose that the process P1 in Fig.
has a long message for P2It hands
the message to the transport layer,
• with instructions to deliver it to
process P2 on host H2. The
transport layer code runs on H1,
typically within the operating
system. It prepends a transport
header to the front of the message
and hands the result to the network
layer, probably just another
procedure within the operating
system
Implementation of Connection-Oriented Service