Ev Report of Newzealand
Ev Report of Newzealand
Ev Report of Newzealand
76
million
Tonnes of greenhouse gases
emitted by New Zealand in
2012
New Zealand Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Greenhouse gas emissions by sector and vehicle type in New Zealand
New Zealand Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Greenhouse gas emissions by sector and vehicle type in New Zealand
Electric Vehicles
A shortcut to a greener future or just an expensive dead end?
1 2 3
Market Policy Environment
Market
1.1 New Zealand Vehicle Fleet
Passenger car ownership per 1000 people for OECD countries
700
Passenger Cars (per 1000 people)
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Israel
Slovenia
USA
Turkey
Estonia
Japan
Canada
France
Spain
Austria
Chile
Sweden
Hungary
Netherlands
Norway
Greece
Germany
Finland
Italy
UK
Iceland
Slovakia
Belgium
Switzerland
Denmark
Ireland
Poland
Luxembourg
Australia
Mexico
South Korea
Czech Republic
New Zealand
Country
2.6
million
Light passenger vehicles
registered in New Zealand
5 th Highest rate of passenger
car ownership in the OECD
250
New
New Light Passenger Vehicle Registrations (thousand)
Ex-overseas
200
150
100
50
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Year
1.3 New Zealand Fleet Composition
Age distribution of passenger vehicles in the New Zealand fleet
250000
Number of Registered Passenger Vehicles
200000
150000
100000
50000
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Model Year Type Body Motor Battery Electric Range Efficiency RRP
(kW) (kWh) (km) (kWh/km) ($)
Holden Volt 2013 PHEV 5-door hatchback 111 24 50-80 0.25 (NZ) 85000
Toyota RAV4 EV 2012 EV 4-door SUV 115 35 165 0.27 (US) 49800
Tesla Model S (40kWh) 2012 EV 4-door fastback 175 40 260 0.24 (US) 59900
Toyota Prius PHV 2013 PHEV 5-door hatchback 60 4.4 20 0.27 (US) 32000
Fisker Karma 2012 PHEV 4-door sedan 210 20.1 80 0.40 (US) 102000
1.5 Cost Analysis – Running Costs
Comparison of annual yearly fuel costs for different vehicle types
Type Fuel Consumption Fuel Price (2012) Annual Fuel Cost (2012)
(units/km) $NZD/unit $NZD
90
80
No. of Registered Electric LPV in New Zealand
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Year
1.9 Electric Vehicle Sales in New Zealand
Annual number of registered electric light passenger vehicles in New Zealand
6000
Projection
MOT
No. of Registered Electric LPV in New Zealand
5000 NZ Target
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Year
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
Norway
Estonia
Netherlands
Japan
Belgium
USA
Denmark
France
Austria
China
Sweden
Country
Canada
UK
A global comparison of electric vehicle uptake by country
Germany
Ireland
1.10 Electric Vehicle Sales Worldwide
Portugal
Italy
Spain
Australia
New Zealand
Policy and Regulation
2.1 Policy and Regulation
Breakdown of measures available to governments for stimulating EV adoption
Measures
Canada Japan
China Luxembourg
Finland South Korea
India Spain
Ireland United Kingdom
2.4 Economic Measures - Subsidies
Comparison of maximum price subsidy offered and EV uptake rate by country
0
50
100
150
200
250
Portugal
2.4
tonnes
France
India
Japan
Italy
Denmark
Belgium
Spain
Slovakia
Poland
Hungary
Switzerland
Czech Republic
UK
Luxembourg
Greece
Finland
Chile
Germany
Sweden
South Korea
Canada
Estonia
3.1 Light Passenger Vehicle GHG Emissions
Israel
Mexico
Russia
Amount of GHG emitted by average light passenger vehicles around the world
China
New Zealand
Australia
USA
Average Grid Emissions
(gCO2e/kWh)
0
100
200
300
500
600
700
800
400
900
Iceland 1000
Switzerland
74%
Norway
Sweden
France
2012
New Zealand
Austria
Canada
Belgium
Slovakia
Finland
Spain
Portugal
Luxembourg
Chile
Russia
3.2 Average Grid GHG Emissions
Japan
grams
142 Germany
Mexico
Turkey
UK
Ireland
South Korea
Amount of GHG emitted per unit of residential electricity consumed
USA
Czech Republic
Greece
Poland
Israel
Australia
China
Of CO2e gas emitted per
kWh of electricity used by
Estonia
households in New Zealand
India
3.3 Average Vehicle Emissions
Greenhouse gas emissions for electric and average fleet vehicles by country
Reduction in average
85% vehicle emissions achievable
by switching to EVs in NZ
3.4 Vehicle Lifetime Emissions
Cumulative GHG emissions for electric and petrol vehicles over their lifespan
35000
Average EV
Cumulative Vehicle CO2e Emissions (kg)
30000
Average ICV
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Year of Ownership
12%
10%
Reduction in New Zealand's Total
8%
CO2 Emissions (%)
6%
4%
2%
0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%