Information Technology: Submitted To: Sir Habib CH

INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
SUBMITTED TO: SIR HABIB CH
GROUP MEMBERS
• M. MAHAD AHMAD 0002

• M. MUDASSAR 0019
• TAHIR GHAFFAR 0005
What is Network?
Collection of computers and devices connected via communications
devices and transmission media.
Network Components
The main network components are:-

Hubs
Switches
Bridges
Routers
Network interface cards
Modems
Firewalls
What is hub?
When referring to a network, a hub is the
most basic networking device that connects
multiple computers or
other network devices together.
What is Switch?
A switch, in the context of networking is a
high-speed device that receives incoming
data packets and redirects them to their
destination on a local area network.
What is bridge?
In telecommunication networks, a bridge is a
product that connects a local
area network (LAN) to another local
area network that uses the same protocol.
What is Router?
A router is a networking device that forwards
data packets between computer networks.
A router is connected to at least two
networks, commonly two LANs or WANs
or a LAN and its ISP's network.
Network inference card
A network interface card is a computer
hardware component that connects a
computer to a computer network.
• NIC provides a physical connection to the
device and also creates and sends signals
from one network device to another.
What is modem?
• Modems are used for data transfer from
one computer network to another computer
network through telephone lines. The computer
network works in digital mode, while analog
technology is used for carrying massages across
phone lines.
• Modulator converts information from digital
mode to analog mode at the transmitting end
and demodulator converts the same from analog
to digital at receiving end.
What is Firewall?
A firewall is a hardware or software system that
prevents unauthorized access to or from a
network.
Basic computer networks
• PAN
• LAN
• MAN
• WAN
Personal area network(PAN)
The interconnection of devices within the range of an individual person,
typically within a range of 10 meters.
For example, a wireless network connecting a computer with its keyboard,
mouse or printer is a PAN.
Local area network(LAN)
 Privately-owned networks covering a small geographic area, like a home,
office, building or group of buildings (e.g. campus). They are widely used
to connect computers in company offices and factories to share resources
(e.g., printers) and exchange information.
 Traditional LANs run at speeds of 10 Mbps to 100 Mbps, have low delay
(microseconds or nanoseconds), and make very few errors.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
 Covers a larger geographical area than is a LAN, ranging from several
blocks of buildings to entire cities.
 Metropolitan Area Networks can span up to 50km.
Wide Area Networks (WAN)
 Computer network that covers a large geographical area, often a country
or continent.
 Most WANs are made from several LANs connected together. ... LANs
are often connected to WANs, for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet.
Wireless Fidelity
Wi-Fi is a wireless networking technology that allows computers,
Smartphone, or other devices to connect to the Internet or communicate
with one another wirelessly within a particular area.
Domain Name System(DNS)
The Internet's system for converting alphabetic names into numeric IP
addresses.
The mechanism by which Internet software translates names to attributes
such as addresses
For example, when a Web address (URL) is typed into a browser, DNS
servers return the IP address of the Web server associated with that name.
Name Space
 It is the process of mapping a unique name with the unique IP address.
 A name is assign to an address and name is a sequence of characters
without structure.
 Each name made is made of several parts.
 First part can define the nature of organization, second part can define the
name and third part can define the departments of an organization.
 For example:-
mcom.pgc.edu
THANK YOU

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INFORMATION

• M. MAHAD AHMAD 0002

The main network components are:-

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