Chapter 1 - Bill of Quantities
Chapter 1 - Bill of Quantities
Chapter 1 - Bill of Quantities
AND
BILL OF QUANTITIES
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CIVL ESTIMATING AND TENDERING
Lecturer : Asst. Prof. Dr. Tolga Çelik
Time Table : Lecture : Friday: (13.30-16.20)
Office Hour : Tuesday: (08:30- 09:20)
Short Course Description:
Introduction to bidding. Bonds, bids, bid selection and decision to bid. Bidding
Strategies. Introduction to Bill of Quantities; Concrete and formwork takeoff.
Masonry takeoff. Miscellaneous metals and structural steel takeoff. Rough and
finished carpentry takeoff. Basic principles in pricing the estimate. Estimating
site overhead costs. Introduction to computerized construction estimating.
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PROJECT 2
• WEIGHT : 50%: WRITTEN PART : 40%, ORAL PART : 10%
• ORAL PART : 13th and 14th WEEK OF THE CLASS.
• SUBJECT : Students will form study groups. In every study group there will
be (3-5) students.
• Each group will obtain a complete (building) project including all
architectural and stractural drawings.
• Each group will prepare a Technical and a General Specification for their
project. ( by 19-04-19)
• Each group will prepare a complete Bill of Quantity and Estimating for their
project according to their specifications. They will not show their
calculations to any other group members. (by 26-04-19)
• Each group will prepare a «Call for Tender» to send to newspapers.
(by 03-05-19)
• Each group other than their own projects, will decide to join an announced
tender by explaining the reasons of their decision.
• Each group will preapare a BOQ, estimation and tender to join an announced
tender. (By 10-05-19)
• Each group will evaluate the submitted tender(s) and select a tender to
accept by explaining the reason of selecting that contractor. (by 19-05-19)
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IN PRESENTATIONS FOR PROJECT 2:
• DESCRIPTION OF YOUR PROJECT
• GENERAL AND TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
• BOQ AND COST ESTIMATION OF YOUR
PROJECT
• PREPARED CALL FOR TENDER DOCUMENT
• BIDDING FILE PREPARED BY YOU TO BE
TENDERED BY OTHER GROUPS
• TENDER FILE YOU PREPARED TO JOIN A
TENDER (EXPLAIN THE REASON THAT YOU
SELECTED THAT PROJECT)
• DECISION TO SELECT A CONTRACTOR IN THE
TENDER. 6
CHAPTER 1
BILL OF QUANTITIES
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DOCUMENTS OF CONTRACT
A construction contract comprises:
a) Contract drawings: Pictorially shows the works, dimensions &
levels.
b) Specifications: work is described in Words . The quality of
materials, workmanship, and testing methods .
c) Bill of quantities; gives the expected measure of each operation
from the drawings. Operations are classified according to trade
or location within the work.
d) General Conditions of Contract; defines the liabilities,
responsibilities, and power of employer, engineer & contractor.
Methods of payment, insurance also mentioned.
e) Tender: Signed financial offer of the contractor to construct the
work.
f) Letters of Explanation; Covers agreed matters between the
parties to elucidate their intentions.
g) Legal Agreements; Signed by both parties, owner & contractor,
confirming their intentions.
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SPECIFICATIONS
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SPECIFICATIONS (continued)
d) Practicability
Use standard sizes and patterns as much as possible.
Un-practicable requirements let the contractor to add
an extra safety factor to protect himself.
e)Preventation of conflicting requirements
they are sources of error.
f) Fairness
don't impose the contractor harsh & unfair conditions
don't conceal difficulties from him.
risk increases the cost of construction.
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TYPES OF SPECIFICATIONS
1. General Provisions
2. Technical provisions
1. General provisions
related to the whole work, to the standardized
materials.
relate to control of the work & drawing reference.
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TYPE OF SPECIFICATIONS (continued)
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b) Specifications for workmanship
specify the result, not the method
specify tolerances on the results
Define construction methods or procedures when
necessary for particular purposes
limitations or restrictions on the contractor's method
for coordination the work.
precautions to protect the work or adjacent property.
methods of inspection and test
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ITEMS
For large works divide it into separate groups
Each group is subdivided into various trades such as
Demolition work
Excavation & filling
Pipe laying
Roads
Concrete - insitu
reinforcement
shuttering
precast
Brick work
Masonry
Water proofing works
Steelwork and ironwork
Roofing
Carpentry Electrical work
Joinery Plumbing
Flooring Painting & fencing
plastering Glazing 18
Divide each of them into subdivisions.
For example, a bridge construction may be divided as:
Piers
Abutments
Superstructure
approach roads and surfacings
miscellaneous
• In each item, another grouping is possible for trades
such as:
Excavating
compacting bottom soil
Reinforcement
Shuttering
concreting etc
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• A sense of proportion must be retained when billing.
( for a large work do not divide the activities in very
much details).
• Ex On a very large road construction project there
are some ancillary road side manholes.
• If they are almost similar, do not divide them into
many items to increase the number of items.
Such as
excavations for manholes
concreting manhole base
brickwork to manhole walls
providing and setting covers
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COSTING
• Precise costing is almost impossible.
• Cost is just predicted.
• Costing is defined as, finding the cost of
separate classes of work, such as
bricklaying, shuttering etc.
• Costing involves finding charges for
Labour
Material
Plant and
Overhead
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LABOR COSTING:
• Responsible foremen fills the time sheet showing
hours spent each day by each man on the various
types of work.
• Hours entered for a particular work is priced.
• So the labour cost for a particular work trade is
calculated.
• Difficulties:
• Overhead calculations
• Considering other wage payment, such as
time checker, night watch men, chainman, storekeeper
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MATERIAL COSTING
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PLANT COSTING
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OVERHEADS
Site on costs
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THANKS FOR YOUR
ATTENTION
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