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    Medulla Spinalis

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    ZAXTIN HAZELHOF
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the medulla spinalis (spinal cord). It describes the spinal cord's position in the vertebral canal and its external features. It notes the cord has two enlargements - cervical and lumbosacral - corresponding to spinal nerve segments. Internally, it contains gray matter in an H-shape with anterior and posterior columns connected by commissures. White matter surrounds the gray matter and contains ascending and descending tracts that transmit sensory and motor signals to and from the brain. Key ascending tracts relay proprioceptive and exteroceptive information. Descending tracts originate in the brain and brainstem to control voluntary movement.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Medulla Spinalis

    Uploaded by

    ZAXTIN HAZELHOF
    81 views26 pages
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the medulla spinalis (spinal cord). It describes the spinal cord's position in the vertebral canal and its external features. It notes the cord has two enlargements - cervical and lumbosacral - corresponding to spinal nerve segments. Internally, it contains gray matter in an H-shape with anterior and posterior columns connected by commissures. White matter surrounds the gray matter and contains ascending and descending tracts that transmit sensory and motor signals to and from the brain. Key ascending tracts relay proprioceptive and exteroceptive information. Descending tracts originate in the brain and brainstem to control voluntary movement.

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    Medulla spinalis

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    The document summarizes the anatomy of the medulla spinalis (spinal cord). It describes the spinal cord's position in the vertebral canal and its external features. It notes the cord has two enlargements - cervical and lumbosacral - corresponding to spinal nerve segments. Internally, it contains gray matter in an H-shape with anterior and posterior columns connected by commissures. White matter surrounds the gray matter and contains ascending and descending tracts that transmit sensory and motor signals to and from the brain. Key ascending tracts relay proprioceptive and exteroceptive information. Descending tracts originate in the brain and brainstem to control voluntary movement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    81 views26 pages

    Medulla Spinalis

    Uploaded by

    ZAXTIN HAZELHOF
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the medulla spinalis (spinal cord). It describes the spinal cord's position in the vertebral canal and its external features. It notes the cord has two enlargements - cervical and lumbosacral - corresponding to spinal nerve segments. Internally, it contains gray matter in an H-shape with anterior and posterior columns connected by commissures. White matter surrounds the gray matter and contains ascending and descending tracts that transmit sensory and motor signals to and from the brain. Key ascending tracts relay proprioceptive and exteroceptive information. Descending tracts originate in the brain and brainstem to control voluntary movement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    MEDULLA SPINALIS

    Muh.Iqbal Basri
    Department of Anatomy
    Hasanuddin University

    1
    Medulla spinalis
    Position
    ■ Lies in vertebral canal
    ■ Continuous above with medulla
    oblongata at level of foramen
    magnum
    ■ Ends below at lower border of
    L1 in adult; at birth at level of
    L3
    ■ Ascensus medulla

    2
    External features
    ■ A long cylindrical structure and
    slightly flattened anteroposteriorly,
    ■ Conus medullaris
    ■ Filum terminale
    ■ Cauda equina
    ■ Two enlargements
    (intumescentia)
    Cervical enlargement :
    corresponds to the C4 to the T1
    segments
    Lumbosacral enlargement :
    corresponds to the L2 to the S3
    segments

    3
    4
    5
    6
    Fissure and sulci
    ■ Fissura mediana anterior
    ■ Sulcus mediana posterior
    ■ Sulcus anterolateral－anterior (motor) roots emerge serially
    ■ Sulcus posterolateral－posterior (sensory) roots enter spinal cord,
    each bear a spinal ganglion which constitutes the first cell-station of
    the sensory nerves

    7
    8
    9
    10
    11
    12
    13
    Relationship of segments
    of spinal cord to vertebrae
    ■ A portion of the cord that gives
    rise to a pair of spinal nerve
    constitutes a segment.
    ■ There are 31 segments
    8 cervical
    12 thoracic
    5 lumbar
    5 sacral
    1 coccygeal

    14
    Relationship of segments of spinal cord to vertebrae

    Spinal segments Vertebral levels (spines)


    Upper cervical region (C1~C4) = C1 ~ C4

    Lower cervical and upper thoracic — 1 = C4 ~ T3


    region (C5~T4)
    Middle thoracic region (T5~T8) — 2 = T3 ~ T6

    Lower thoracic region (T9~T12) — 3 = T6 ~ T9

    Lumber segments = T10 ~ T12


    Sacral and coccygeal segments = L1

    15
    Internal structures
    ■ Central canal
    ■ Substansia grisea
    ❑ Cornu anterior (column)
    ❑ Cornu posterior (column)
    ❑ Intermediate zone
    ■ Cornu lateral(column)
    ❑ Commisura grisea anterior
    ❑ Commisura grisea posterior
    ■ White matter
    ❑ Funiculus anterior
    ❑ Funiculus lateralis
    ❑ Funiculus posterior
    ❑ Commisura alba anterior

    16
    White matter
    White matter contains three kinds of fibers:
    ascending, descending, and fasciculus proprius

    17
    Ascending tracts

    Fasciculus cuneatus
    Fasciculus gracilis
    Posterior spinocerebellar tract

    Anterior spinocerebellar tract

    Spinothalamic tract

    18
    19
    20
    Ascending tracts
    Tract Site of origin Funiculus Termination Function
    Fasciculus Spinal ganglia Posterior Gracile Convey
    gracilis below segment nucleus proprioceptive
    T5 and fine touch
    Fasciculus Spinal ganglia Cuneate sensation of
    cuneatus above segment nucleus trunk and limbs
    T4
    Posterior Homolateral Lateral Cerebellum Unconscious
    spinocerebellar nucleus proprioception
    thoracicus from lower limb
    Anterior Contralateral and lower
    spinocerebellar Laminae portion of trunk
    Ⅴ~Ⅶ
    Spinothalamic Laminae Ⅰ, Lateral Dorsal Pain,
    Ⅳ~Ⅶ and thalamus temperature and
    anterior simple touch
    sensation of
    trunk and limbs
    21
    Descending tracts

    Fasciculus proprius

    Lateral corticospinal tract

    Rubrospinal tract

    Reticulospinal tract

    Vestibulospinal tract

    Tectospinal tract Medial longitudinal fasciculus

    Anterior corticospinal tract

    22
    23
    Descending tracts
    Tract Site of origin Funiculus Termination Function
    Lateral Cerebral cortex Lateral Laminae Voluntary movement
    corticospinal Ⅳ~Ⅸ
    Anterior Cerebral cortex Anterior anterior
    corticospinal horn

    Rubrospinal Red nucleus Lateral Laminae Excitatory of flexors


    Ⅶ~Ⅶ
    Vestibulospinal Homolateral Anterior Laminae Excitatory of extensors
    vestibular Ⅶ~Ⅷ
    nuclei
    Reticulospinal Reticular Anterior Laminae Voluntary movement
    formation and lateral Ⅶ~Ⅷ

    Medial Vestibular Anterior Laminae Coordinate neck with eye


    longitudinal nuclei Ⅶ~Ⅷ movement
    fasciculus
    Tectospinal Superior Anterior Laminae
    colliculus Ⅵ~Ⅷ
    Fasciculus Spinal cord Anterior, Spinal cord Intrinsic reflex
    proprius lateral and mechanism of spinal cord
    posterior
    24
    25
    ❑ TRACTUS/FASCICULUS
    1. Tractus Spinothalamicus Anterior (touch + press)
    2. Tractus Spinothalamicus Lateralis (pain + thermal)
    3. Tractus Spinocerebellaris Ant/Ventral (muscle
    tones+ tendo)
    4. Tractus Spinocerebellaris Post/Dorsal (muscle
    tones+ tendo)
    5. Tractus Corticospinalis Ant/Lat (motoric)
    6. Fasciculus Cuneatus
    (position, movement,
    7. Fasciculus Gracilis discrimination,vibration)

    26

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