Gas Turbine Cooling
Gas Turbine Cooling
Gas Turbine Cooling
Systems
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• To double the engine power output, RIT need to be increased
from 2500˚F to 3500˚F and simultaneously pressure ratio
need to be increased from 20 to 40.
(From Rohlik, H.E., Current and future technology trends in radial and axial gas turbines, NASA TM 83414, 1983; collected in Lakshminarayana, B.: Fluid Dynamics and Heat
Transfer of Turbomachinery. Chapter 7, pp. 597–721. 1996. Copyright Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. With permission.) 3
Types of Turbine Blade Cooling
1. Internal Cooling
2. External Cooling
Film Transpiration
COOLING OF COMBUSTION
CHAMBER IN GAS TURBINE
May cause
melting
Increase in wall
temperature of
combustion
chamber
Increase in
thermal stresses
of the wall
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Combustion Chamber
• Has outer casing and inner
line, separated by cold air.
• Heat transfer process consists
of convection and radiation.
• Always access of air available
in combustion chamber for
complete combustion.
• This access air is used as
coolant; advantage:
a) No heat is lost from FIGURE – 4 : A diagram of a gas
working cycle. turbine combustor.
(source: Wikipedia)
b) After mixing the resultant
temp. corresponds to the
max acceptable by turbine.
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Convective Cooling by External Air
Flow
• Most simple and convenient to
arrange.
• Air flows through the annular
region.
• Equilibrium temperature attained FIGURE – 5 :Cannular combustor for a
depends on the ratio of HT rate gas turbine engine, viewing axis on,
through the exhaust
upon its two sides. (source: Wikipedia)
FIGURE – 6 : fins
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Use of louvered Surfaces for
cooling
• Has independent passages along which cooling air can flow.
• Pressure drop is desired for proper coolant flow.
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SEMINAR_2 : Gas Turbine Cooling Systems (Cooling of Combustion Chamber)
Use of Porous Walls
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SEMINAR_2 : Gas Turbine Cooling Systems (Cooling of Combustion Chamber)
Cooling by Localised Air Injection
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SEMINAR_2 : Gas Turbine Cooling Systems (Cooling of Combustion Chamber)