2-Soil-Water-Plant Relationships
2-Soil-Water-Plant Relationships
2-Soil-Water-Plant Relationships
• a reservoir of water to
meet the
evapotranspiration
demands of plants
The amount of water that the soil can hold
is determined by the physical and
chemical properties of soil.
SOIL PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
1. SOIL TEXTURE
• the relative
proportion of
variously sized
groups of mineral
particles in a specific
soil or horizon
• the arrangement
and organization
of soil particles
into natural units
of aggregation
The Soil System
Phase Relationships
VT = Va + Vw + Vs
Vv = Va + Vw
mT = ma + mw + ms
3. POROSITY (n)
generalrange -
30 - 60%
for irigatedsoils - 35 -
55%
5.VOID RATIO (e)
Vv n
e
Vs 1n 6. DEGREE OF
SATURATION, (DOS)
Vw
DOS x100
Vv
7. MOISTURE CONTENT (mc)
density of water
As b
s
m
• it is the ratio of the dry
mass of water with w wVT
volume equal to the total
soil volume
10.REAL SPECIFIC
GRAVITY (Rs)
• ratio of the particle density
of the soil with the density
s m
of water
Rs s
mcv = mcm · As
Relationship existing among
n, Rs , and As
As = Rs (1-n)
SAMPLE PROBLEM
A sharp-edged cylinder 7.5 cm in
diameter is carefully driven into the soil
so that negligible compaction occurs. A
12-cm column of soil is obtained. The
fresh and dry masses of soil sample are
910.6 g and 736.3 g, respectively.
Assume a particle density of 2.6 g/cc.
Determine As, n, mcm, and mcv.
QUIZ
dw = mcv x D
dw = mcm x As x D
Viw = dwn x A
i ct
i = cumulative infiltration at time t
c, = constants or parameters
f ct 1
• Horton
i ft
f0 fc
1 e
kt
c
k
f f c f o f c e kt
1
i st 2 At
S= sorptivity
A = index of gravity
12
st
f A
2
14. INTAKE RATE
•the rate of infiltration from a furrow into the soil
15. PERMEABILITY
velocity of flow caused by a unit hydraulic
gradient in which the driving force is 1 kg
per kg of water
infiltration vs. permeability