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    Git DD

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    aiman khan
    The document describes signs and symptoms of various gastrointestinal disorders including: - Abdominal pain, dysphagia, odynophagia, gastrointestinal bleeding, epigastric pain, constipation, diarrhea, and fecal incontinence are among the most common symptoms. - Specific disorders are described like GERD which causes heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, difficulty swallowing. Peptic ulcers cause epigastric pain that may feel like burning or cramping. Appendicitis typically causes pain that starts in the umbilical region and moves to the lower right abdomen. - Pancreatitis results in epigastric pain radiating to the back along with nausea,

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    Git DD

    Uploaded by

    aiman khan
    22 views25 pages
    The document describes signs and symptoms of various gastrointestinal disorders including: - Abdominal pain, dysphagia, odynophagia, gastrointestinal bleeding, epigastric pain, constipation, diarrhea, and fecal incontinence are among the most common symptoms. - Specific disorders are described like GERD which causes heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, difficulty swallowing. Peptic ulcers cause epigastric pain that may feel like burning or cramping. Appendicitis typically causes pain that starts in the umbilical region and moves to the lower right abdomen. - Pancreatitis results in epigastric pain radiating to the back along with nausea,

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    GIT DD

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    The document describes signs and symptoms of various gastrointestinal disorders including: - Abdominal pain, dysphagia, odynophagia, gastrointestinal bleeding, epigastric pain, constipation, diarrhea, and fecal incontinence are among the most common symptoms. - Specific disorders are described like GERD which causes heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, difficulty swallowing. Peptic ulcers cause epigastric pain that may feel like burning or cramping. Appendicitis typically causes pain that starts in the umbilical region and moves to the lower right abdomen. - Pancreatitis results in epigastric pain radiating to the back along with nausea,

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    22 views25 pages

    Git DD

    Uploaded by

    aiman khan
    The document describes signs and symptoms of various gastrointestinal disorders including: - Abdominal pain, dysphagia, odynophagia, gastrointestinal bleeding, epigastric pain, constipation, diarrhea, and fecal incontinence are among the most common symptoms. - Specific disorders are described like GERD which causes heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, difficulty swallowing. Peptic ulcers cause epigastric pain that may feel like burning or cramping. Appendicitis typically causes pain that starts in the umbilical region and moves to the lower right abdomen. - Pancreatitis results in epigastric pain radiating to the back along with nausea,

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    Screening of GIT

    Diseases
    SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF
    GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS

    Abdominal pain
    Dysphagia
    Odynophagia
     GI bleeding (emesis, melena, red
    blood)
     Epigastric pain
    Constipation
     Diarrhea
    Fecal incontinence
    Arthralgia
    Referredshoulder pain
    Psoas abscess
    Tenderness over McBurney's
    point
    Primary GI Visceral Pain
    Patterns
    Pain in the epigastric region
    occurs anywhere from the
    midsternum to the xiphoid
    process from the heart,
    esophagus, stomach, duodenum,
    gallbladder, liver, and other
    mediastinal organs corresponding
    to the T3 to T5 sympathetic
    nerve distribution.
    Pain in the periumbilical region
    (T9 nerve distribution) occurs
    with impairment of the small
    intestine pancreas, and appendix.
    Pain in the lower abdominal
    region (hypogastrium) from the
    large intestine and/or colon. The
    large intestine and colon are
    innervated by T10 to L2
    depending on the location.
    Dysphagia

    Dysphagia is the sensation of


    food catching or sticking in the
    esophagus. This sensation may
    occur (initially) just with coarse,
    dry foods and may eventually
    progress to include anything
    swallowed, even thin liquids and
    saliva.
    Odynophagia
    Odynophagia, or pain during
    swallowing, can be caused by
    esophagitis or esophageal spasm.
    Esophagitis may occur secondary
    to GERD, the herpes simplex
    virus, or fungus caused by the
    prolonged use of strong
    antibiotics.
    GIT bleeding
    Coffee ground emesis
    Bloody diarrhea
    Bright red blood
    Melena (dark, tarry stools)
    Reddish colored stools
    Epigastric Pain with Radiation

    Epigastric pain perceived as intense or


    sharp pain behind the sternum with
    radiation to the back may occur
    secondary to long-standing ulcers.
     For example, the client may be aware of
    an ulcer but does not relate the back pain
    to the ulcer. Close questioning related to
    GI symptoms can provide the therapist
    with knowledge of underlying systemic
    disease processes.
    Symptoms Affected by
    Food
    Patients may or may not be able
    to relate pain to meals. Pain
    associated with gastric ulcers
    (located more proximally in the
    GI tract) may begin within 30 to
    90 minutes after eating.
    Constipation

    Constipation is defined clinically


    as being a condition of prolonged
    retention of fecal content in the
    GI tract resulting from decreased
    motility of the colon or difficulty
    in expelling stool.
    Diarrhea
    Diarrhea, by definition, is an
    abnormal increase in stool
    liquidity and daily stool weight
    associated with increased stool
    frequency (i.e., more than three
    times per day).
    Fecal incontinence
    Fecal incontinence may be
    described as an inability to
    control evacuation of stool and is
    associated with a sense of
    urgency, diarrhea, and abdominal
    cramping.
    Arthralgia
    The relationship between "gut"
    inflammation and joint
    inflammation is well known, but
    not fully understood. Many
    inflammatory GI conditions have
    an arthritic component affecting
    the joints. For example,
    inflammatory bowel disease
    Shoulder pain
    Pain in the left shoulder (Kehr's
    sign) can occur as a result of free
    air or blood in the abdominal
    cavity, such as a ruptured spleen
    causing distention.
    obturator or psoas
    abscess
    Abscess of the obturator or psoas
    muscle is a possible cause of
    lower abdominal pain, usually the
    consequence of spread of
    inflammation or infection from an
    adjacent structure.
    Clinical Signs and Symptoms of
    Psoas Abscess
    Fever
     Night sweats
     Abdominal pain
    Loss of appetite or other Gl upset
    Back, pelvic, abdominal, hip, and/or
    knee
    pain
    Antalgic gait
    Palpable, tender mass
    GERD
    Heartburn
    Regurgitation with bitter taste in
    mouth
    Chest pain unrelated to activity
     Sensation of a lump in the throat
    Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
    Painful swallowing (odynophagia)
    Wheezing, coughing, hoarseness
    Gastroesophageal reflux
    disease, or GERD, is a
    digestive disorder that
    affects the lower esophageal
    sphincter (LES), the ring of
    muscle between the
    esophagus and stomach.
    Many people, including
    pregnant women, suffer from
    heartburn or acid indigestion
    caused by GERD.
    Peptic ulcer
    Peptic ulcer is a loss of tissue
    lining the lower esophagus,
    stomach, and duodenum.
    Epigastric pain that may be
    described as "heartburn" or as
    burning, cramping, or aching
    located over a small area near
    the midline in the epigastrium
    near the xiphoid.
    Appendicitis
    Appendicitis is an inflammation of the
    appendix that occurs most commonly in
    adolescents and young adults.
    The classic symptoms of appendicitis
    are pain preceding nausea and vomiting
    and low-grade fever in adults.
    The pain usually begins in the umbilical
    region and eventually localizes in the
    right lower quadrant of the abdomen
    over the site of the appendix
    Pancreatitis
    Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the
    pancreas that may result in
    autodigestion of the pancreas by its
    own enzymes. Pancreatitis can be
    acute or chronic, but the therapist is
    most likely to see acute pancreatitis.
    Epigastric pain radiating to the back,
    Nausea and vomiting, Fever and
    sweating, Tachycardia, turner,s sign
    Turner's sign refers to bruising
    of the flanks, the part of the body
    between the last rib and the top
    of the hip. The bruising appears
    as a blue discoloration, and is a
    sign of retroperitoneal
    hemorrhage, or bleeding behind
    the peritoneum, which is a lining
    of the abdominal cavity.
    Pancreatic carcinoma
    Pancreaticcarcinoma is the fifth
    most common cause of death
    from cancer for women and
    fourth most common for men.
    Gastrointestinal
    Complications of NSAIDs ?

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