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    Kinesiology: Chapter 2 (An Introduction To Movement) : DR: Iqra Karamat

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    Nimra Tariq
    The document discusses different types of muscle contractions including isometric, isotonic, concentric, and eccentric contractions. It also describes the range of muscle work from inner to outer range, and different muscle groups including agonists, antagonists, synergists, and fixators. Agonists are the prime movers that initiate movement, while antagonists oppose movement. Synergists work with agonists to modify their activity. Fixators contract isometrically to stabilize the bone from which agonists originate. Functional movements involve coordinated patterns across multiple joints.

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    Kinesiology: Chapter 2 (An Introduction To Movement) : DR: Iqra Karamat

    Uploaded by

    Nimra Tariq
    475 views14 pages
    The document discusses different types of muscle contractions including isometric, isotonic, concentric, and eccentric contractions. It also describes the range of muscle work from inner to outer range, and different muscle groups including agonists, antagonists, synergists, and fixators. Agonists are the prime movers that initiate movement, while antagonists oppose movement. Synergists work with agonists to modify their activity. Fixators contract isometrically to stabilize the bone from which agonists originate. Functional movements involve coordinated patterns across multiple joints.

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    2.movements

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    The document discusses different types of muscle contractions including isometric, isotonic, concentric, and eccentric contractions. It also describes the range of muscle work from inner to outer range, and different muscle groups including agonists, antagonists, synergists, and fixators. Agonists are the prime movers that initiate movement, while antagonists oppose movement. Synergists work with agonists to modify their activity. Fixators contract isometrically to stabilize the bone from which agonists originate. Functional movements involve coordinated patterns across multiple joints.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    475 views14 pages

    Kinesiology: Chapter 2 (An Introduction To Movement) : DR: Iqra Karamat

    Uploaded by

    Nimra Tariq
    The document discusses different types of muscle contractions including isometric, isotonic, concentric, and eccentric contractions. It also describes the range of muscle work from inner to outer range, and different muscle groups including agonists, antagonists, synergists, and fixators. Agonists are the prime movers that initiate movement, while antagonists oppose movement. Synergists work with agonists to modify their activity. Fixators contract isometrically to stabilize the bone from which agonists originate. Functional movements involve coordinated patterns across multiple joints.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are the different types of muscle contractions (isometric, isotonic), types of muscle work (concentric, eccentric, static) and groups of muscles involved in movement (agonists, antagonists, synergists, fixators).

    The different types of muscle contractions are isometric muscle contraction which involves force development without length change, and isotonic muscle contraction which involves force development with a length change that can shorten or lengthen the muscle.

    The different types of muscle work are concentric contraction where the muscle shortens to produce movement, eccentric contraction where the muscle lengthens in opposition to force, and static contraction where the muscle contracts isometrically to maintain stability without movement.

    Kinesiology: chapter 2

    (an introduction to
    movement)
    DR: IQRA KARAMAT
    Types of muscle contractions

     Isometric muscle contraction


    Involves the development of force by an increase in intramuscular tension
    without any change in length of muscle.

     Isotonic muscle contraction


    Constitutes an increase in intramuscular tension accompanied by a change
    in length of muscle. Change in length may either shorten or lengthen the
    muscle.
    Types of muscle work

     Concentric muscle contraction:


    Muscle contracts isotonically in shortening to produce movement. The
    attachment of muscle drawn together and movement is in direction of pull.
     Eccentric Muscle Work:
    Muscle contract isotonically in lengthening. The muscle attachments drawn
    apart as oppose action of force . Movement is opposite direction of muscle pull.
     Static Muscle Work:
    Muscle contract isometrically to counter balance opposing force and maintain
    stability but there is no movement no work done.
    Range of muscle work

     Inner range:
    is the part nearest to point at which muscle is in its shorten position.

     Outer range:
    is the part nearest to point at which muscle is most fully extended.

     Middle range:
    Indicates muscle is not fully shortened not fully extended.
    Strength of muscle contraction

    Ability of muscle to generate intra muscular tension is called strength


    1. force which opposes
    2. no of motor units activated at a time
     Tension
    1. Greater the tension applied from outside more will be the strength of muscle
    contraction to support it.
     Motor Unit
    1. A terminal axon, its neuromuscular junction & all there muscle fibers supplied by this
    axon are called motor unit.
    2. More number of motor unit contract greater will be the strength of contraction & vice
    versa.
    Group Action of Muscles

     A movement which is taking place is result of action of many muscles


    acting as a team so, that efficient movement takes place.
     Groups:
    1. Agonists
    2. Antagonists
    3. Synergists
    4. Fixators
    Agonists

     These are the muscles which contract to produce the movement. They
    initiate the movement, so they are called prime-movers.
    Antagonists

     They oppose the movement if they contract, so they are inhibited &
    smooth movement takes place.
    synergists

     They work with agonists so, that they modify agonists activity &
    direction of pull.
    Fixators

     These are muscles which contract iso metrically to fix the bone from
    which the agonists are taking origin.
    Example

     Agonist
    = Biceps brachii
     Antagonists
    = Triceps brachii
     Synergists
    = brachioradialis ,coracobrachialis
     Fixators
    = muscles around shoulder
    Pattern of movement

     Every functional movement has a particular pattern in which it will be


    taking place .This pattern require movements at several joints
    simultaneously e-g during walking
    “
    Thank you
    ”

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