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    Respiratory Emergency

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    Nidhita rai
    This document discusses respiratory emergencies and how to recognize adequate and inadequate breathing. It provides normal breathing rates for adults, children, and infants. It describes signs of adequate breathing such as present and equal breath sounds and chest expansion. Signs of inadequate breathing include pale or cyanotic skin, cool clammy skin, and agonal gasping. The document also discusses how to assist a patient experiencing breathing difficulty in using a prescribed inhaler, including checking for contraindications, the proper technique, monitoring for side effects, and reassessing the patient.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Respiratory Emergency

    Uploaded by

    Nidhita rai
    333 views36 pages
    This document discusses respiratory emergencies and how to recognize adequate and inadequate breathing. It provides normal breathing rates for adults, children, and infants. It describes signs of adequate breathing such as present and equal breath sounds and chest expansion. Signs of inadequate breathing include pale or cyanotic skin, cool clammy skin, and agonal gasping. The document also discusses how to assist a patient experiencing breathing difficulty in using a prescribed inhaler, including checking for contraindications, the proper technique, monitoring for side effects, and reassessing the patient.

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    This document discusses respiratory emergencies and how to recognize adequate and inadequate breathing. It provides normal breathing rates for adults, children, and infants. It describes signs of adequate breathing such as present and equal breath sounds and chest expansion. Signs of inadequate breathing include pale or cyanotic skin, cool clammy skin, and agonal gasping. The document also discusses how to assist a patient experiencing breathing difficulty in using a prescribed inhaler, including checking for contraindications, the proper technique, monitoring for side effects, and reassessing the patient.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    333 views36 pages

    Respiratory Emergency

    Uploaded by

    Nidhita rai
    This document discusses respiratory emergencies and how to recognize adequate and inadequate breathing. It provides normal breathing rates for adults, children, and infants. It describes signs of adequate breathing such as present and equal breath sounds and chest expansion. Signs of inadequate breathing include pale or cyanotic skin, cool clammy skin, and agonal gasping. The document also discusses how to assist a patient experiencing breathing difficulty in using a prescribed inhaler, including checking for contraindications, the proper technique, monitoring for side effects, and reassessing the patient.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 36

    Respiratory

    Emergencies
    CORE CONCEPTS

     How to recognize adequate


    and inadequate breathing
     How to assist a patient with
    breathing difficulty in using
    a prescribed inhaler
    Adequate Breathing:
    Normal Rates
     Adults 12-20/min.
     Children 15-30/min.
     Infant 25-50/min.

    (Continued)
    Adequate Breathing: Rhythm
     Usually regular
     May be slightly irregular
    and influenced by talking

    (Continued)
    Adequate Breathing: Quality
     Breath sounds: Present, equal
     Chest expansion: Adequate, equal
     Effort : Minimal or no
    use of accessory
    muscles
     Depth: Adequate tidal
    volume
    Inadequate Breathing
     Pale or cyanotic (blue) skin
     Cool, clammy skin
     Agonal (occasional) gasp
    (seen just before death)
    Inadequate Breathing: Infants and Children

    Nasal Flaring

    Retractions

    See-Saw
    Breathing

    Diaphragmatic Breathing
    Manageme
    nt
    Artificial Ventilation
     Performed with a pocket
    mask or bag-mask device.
     Must be performed
    ADEQUATELY.
    Artificial Ventilation
    Inadequate
     Chest does not rise and fall.
     Rate is too slow or too fast.
     Heart rate does not return
    to normal.
    KEY TERM
    Breathing Difficulty
    A chief complaint representing a
    patient’s feeling of labored or
    difficult breathing
    Patient ASSESSMENT
    Breathing Difficulty
    Signs and Symptoms

     Shortness of breath
     Restlessness
     Increased pulse rate
     Breathing rate increased or
    decreased
    (Continued)
    Patient ASSESSMENT
    Breathing Difficulty
    Signs and Symptoms

     Skin color changes


    • Cyanotic
    • Pale
    • Flushed

    (Continued)
    Patient ASSESSMENT
    Breathing Difficulty
    Signs and Symptoms
     Noisy breathing
    • Crowing
    • Audible wheezing
    • Gurgling
    • Snoring
    • Stridor
    (Continued)
    Patient ASSESSMENT
    Breathing Difficulty
    Signs and Symptoms

     Inability to speak
     Retractions/accessory muscle use
     Abdominal breathing
     Irregular breathing pattern
    Signs of Breathing Difficulty
    Sign of Breathing Difficulty
    Tripod Position
    Patient CARE
    Breathing Difficulty
    Emergency Care Steps
     Focused History and Physical
    Exam O = Onset
    P = Provocation
    Q = Quality
    R = Radiation
    S = Severity
    T = Time (Continued)
    Patient CARE
    Breathing Difficulty
    Emergency Care Steps

     Focused History and Physical Exam


    • Apply oxygen.
    • Assess baseline vital signs.

    (Continued)
    Patient CARE
    Breathing Difficulty
    Emergency Care Steps
     Determine what interventions the
    patient has used.
     Determine what medications patient
    takes (types, doses, times used).
     If medical direction approves,
    facilitate use of prescribed inhaler.
    Prescribed Inhaler
    Prescribed Inhaler
    Medication  Generic (albuterol,
    isoetharine, etc.)
    Name
     Trade (Proventil,
    Ventolin, Alupent, etc.)
    Prescribed Inhaler
    Indications  Signs/symptoms of
    breathing difficulty
     Prescribed by physician
     Specific authorization by
    medical direction

    Patient must meet all criteria.


    Prescribed Inhaler
    Contraindications
     Patient is unable to use device.
     Inhaler was not prescribed.
     No permission has come from
    medical
    direction.
     Patient has used maximum dose.
    Prescribed Inhaler
    Medication  Metered dose inhaler
    Form

    Dosage  Number of inhalations


    based on physician’s order
    Obtain orders from medical direction.
    Prescribed Inhaler
     Check expiration date.
     Inhaler should be at room temp
    or warmer.
     Has patient used one yet?
     Make sure patient is alert and able
    to use device.
    Right Patient? Right Medication?
    Right Dose? Right Route?
    Right Time? Right Documentation?
    Shake vigorously.
    Prescribed Inhaler
     Have patient exhale deeply.
     Have patient place lips
    around inhaler opening.
    Depress handheld inhaler as
    patient inhales deeply.

    Instruct patient
    to hold breath.
    Allow patient to breathe.
    Repeat dose if ordered.

    Reevaluate patient.
    Spacer Device
    Prescribed Inhaler
    Actions  Beta agonist
     Dilates bronchioles
     Reduces airway resistance
    Prescribed Inhaler
    Side  Increased pulse rate
    Effects  Tremors
     Nervousness
    Prescribed Inhaler
    Reassessment  Vital signs
     Focused reassessment
     Be alert for development
    of inadequate breathing

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