6.-NCDs Part II (Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDS) )
6.-NCDs Part II (Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDS) )
6.-NCDs Part II (Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDS) )
S.Y. 2019-2020
Davila Perona Pineda
Learning Objectives:
At the end of this module, the learner should
be able to:
1. Describe the following Non-Communicable
Diseases (NCDs): Diabetes Mellitus (DM) &
Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) in terms of:
1.1. Causes & risk factors
1.2. Signs & Symptoms
1.3. Prevention & Control
1.4 Detection
Cardiovascular Diseases
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a
group of disorders of the heart and blood
vessels and they include:
Also known as high or raised blood pressure
Is a condition in which blood vessels have persistently
raised pressure (arterial pressure elevation).
sustained systolic BP of 140 mmHg or more &
sustained DBP of 90 mmHg or more based on
measurements done during at least 2 visits taken at
least 1 week apart
BLOOD PRESSURE
Is the pressure, measured in
millimeters of mercury within the
major arterial system of the body.
Separated into:
1. Systolic
maximum blood pressure
during the contraction of the
ventricles.
2. Diastolic
Is the minimum pressure recorded
just prior to the next contraction.
Classifications:
Classifications:
1. Primary/ Essential/Idiopathic
has no clear cause and is thought to be linked
to genetics, poor diet, lack of exercise and
obesity
2. Secondary
is caused by another medical condition
a. Family Hx
b. Age
c. High Salt Intake
d. Obesity
e. Excessive Alcohol Intake
■ Encourage proper nutrition
■ Prevent becoming overweight or obese
■ Smoking cessation
■ Identify people with risk factors &
encourage regular check-ups for possible
HPN & modification of risk factors
a heart disease
caused by impaired
coronary blood flow
Also known as
Coronary Heart
Disease or Ischemic
Heart Disease
Atherosclerosis
Is a disease in which
plaque builds up inside
your arteries.
Over time, plaque
hardens and narrows
your arteries.
Stenosis
is an abnormal
narrowing in a blood vessel.
Myocardial
Ischemia
is an intermedia
te condition
during which
the heart tissue
is slowly or
suddenly
deprived of
oxygen & other
nutrients.
Myocardial
Infarction
commonly known as a
heart attack, results
from the interruption of
blood supply to a part
of the heart, causing
heart cells to die.
Signs &
Symptom
s
Signs &
Symptoms
■ Modifiable
■ Non-modifiable
■ Elevated blood lipids/cholesterol
■ HPN
■ Smoking
■ DM
■ Obesity
■ Physical inactivity/sedentary lifestyle
■ Stress
■ Heredity/family hx
■ Gender
■ Increasing age
■ Promote regular physical activity & exercise
■ Encourage proper nutrition
■ Maintain body weight & prevent obesity
■ Smoking cessation: active & passive smoking
■ Early dx, prompt tx & control of diabetes &
HPN
(CVA)
1. ISCHEMIC STROKE
A. Thrombotic stroke
B. Embolic stroke
2. HEMORRHAGIC STROKE
THROMBOTIC STROKE