Psychopathology: Shafa Ahmad bms15091813 Amal Abdulkhadir bms15091333
Psychopathology: Shafa Ahmad bms15091813 Amal Abdulkhadir bms15091333
Psychopathology: Shafa Ahmad bms15091813 Amal Abdulkhadir bms15091333
• Unusual behaviour
Sign
• A person experiencing several at one time and causing serious problems in
their study, work or relationships. They should be seen by a physician or
mental health professional
• Auditory hallucination
• Auditory perceptions with no cause. These auditory hallucinations have to
be of particular types:
• hearing thoughts spoken aloud ( "I hear my thoughts outside my head.“)
• hearing voices referring to himself/herself made in the third person /
arguing ("The first voice says 'He used that fork in an odd way' and then
the second replies 'Yes, he did'".)
Symptoms
• Thought withdrawal, insertion and interruption
• A person's thoughts are under control of an outside agency and can be removed,
inserted (and felt to be alien to him/her) or interrupted by others.
• Having thoughts that she thinks are the though of other people ("My thoughts are
fine except when Michael Jackson stops them.“)
• Thought broadcasting
• As the person is thinking everyone is thinking in unison with him/her.
• ("My thoughts filter out of my head and everyone can pick them up if they walk past.“)
Symptoms
• Somatic hallucinations
• A hallucination involving the perception of a physical experience with the body ("I
feel them crawling over me.“)
• Delusional perception
• A true perception, to which a person attributes a false meaning.
• Passivity
• Where there is certainty that an action of the person or a feeling is caused not by
themselves but by some others or other force. (“Somebody controlled my arm.“)
Symptoms
• Negative symptoms
• Marked apathy, paucity of speech, blunting of emotional responses
• Does not respond to question or no interest in answering
• Train of thought
• Breaks or interpolations resulting in incoherence or irrelevant speech , Patient speech is
incomprehensible. Jumping from topic to topic
• Catatonic behaviour
• Excitement, posturing, or waxy flexibility, negativism, mutism, and stupor
• Patient is unsuitable for interview
Other symptoms
Headache
Shivering
Anxiety
Depression
Nervous breakdown