.644268 - Kuliah Kesetimbangan Massa B

KESETIMBANGAN MASSA
KOMPILATOR : D A R I U S
Food Sample = Food Solids + Food Liquid
Mass of product = Mass of water in food + Mass of dry solids
Mass of dry solid
Mass of water in food
Food Sample
Moisture Content , dry basis
mass of water
% Dry basis =
mass of dry solids
kg water
kg dry solids
Moisture Content , wet basis
mass of water
% Wet basis =
mass of water +mass of dry solids
= mass of water
mass of product
kg water
kg product
Example 1. The 10 kg of food sample at a moisture contents of
75 % wet basis
mass of water
% Wet basis =
mass of water +mass of dry solids
0.75
=
1.00
10 kg of product = 7.5 kg water + 2.5 kg dry solids

10 kg of product
= 7.5 kg water + 2.5 kg dry solids
at 75 % wet basis
75 % of total water 25 % of total Solids
% Dry basis = (75/25)*100 = 300%

Moisture Content
Moisture Content expresses the amount of water present
in a moist sample.
Two bases are widely used to express moisture content
Moisture content dry basis Moisture content wet basis
MC db MC wb
MC db = MC wb
1 - MC wb
MC db MC wb
Moisture content wet basis
Moisture content dry basis
MC wb = MC db
1 + MC db
Example 2. Covert a moisture content of 85 % wet
basis to moisture content dry basis
MC wb = 0.85
From equation
MC db = MC wb
1 - MC wb
MC db = 0.85
1 - 0.85
MC db = 5.67
= 567 % db
Example 3. A food is initially at moisture content of 90 % dry
basis . Calculate the moisture content in wet basis
MC db = 0.90
MC wb = MC db
1 + MC db
MC wb = 0.90
1 + 0.90
MC wb = 0.4736
= 47.36 % wb
Example 4. 10 kg of food at a moisture content of 80 % wet
basis is dried to 30 % wet basis. Calculate the amount of water
removed.
Water removed
F = 10 kg of raw product Product = 2.86 kg

(80 % w.b.)
Drying
(30 % w.b.)
process
80 % of total water 20 % of total Solids 30 % of total water
0.8 x 10 = 8 kg water 0.2 x 10 = 2 kg solid 0.3 x 2.86 = 0.86 kg water

Water removed
Mass of water of Mass of water of

raw product final product
Drying
= 8 kg water = 0.86 kg water
process
8 = P+W
8 = 0.86 +W
W = 7.14 kg water
Example 5. The 20 kg of food at a moisture content of 80 %
wet basis is dried to 50 % wet basis. Calculate the amount of
water removed
Water removed
F = 20 kg of raw product Product

(80 % w.b.)
Drying
(50 % w.b.)
process
80 % w.b.
80 % of total water 20 % of total Solids
Water = 20 kg product x 0.8 = 16 kg water
Solid = 20 kg product x 0.2 = 4 kg dry solid

Water removed
16 kgkgwater
F = 20 of
Drying A kg water
Product
product (80 % w.b.) (50 % w.b.)
4 kg dry solid process 4 kg dry solid
50 % w.b. = A
A + 4 kg dry solids
A
0.5 =
A + 4 kg dry solids
0.5 A +(4 x 0.5) = A
0.5 A + 2 = A
0.5 A = 2
A = 2 = 4 kg water
0.5
Total mass of product = 4 +4 = 8 kg
Water removed
F = P+W
F = 20 kg Drying P = 8 kg 20 = 8 +W
process
W = 12 kg water
Example 6. The 10 kg of food at a moisture content of 320 %
dry basis is dried to 50 % wet basis. Calculate the amount of
water removed
Water removed
F = 10 kg of raw product Product

(320 % d.b.)
Drying
(50 % w.b.)
process
% d.b. change to % w.b.
MC wb = MC db 3.20
= = 0.7619
1 + MC db 1 + 3.20
= 76.19 % w.b.
Water removed
F = 10 kg of raw product
Product
(76.2 % w.b.) Drying
(50 % w.b.)
process
76.2 % of total water = 7.62 kg Mass

of total = A kg water + 2.38 kg
23.8 % of total Solids = 2.38 kg product
0.5 = A
water component :
A + 2.38
F = P +W
7.62 = 2.38 + W A = 2.38 kg water
W = 7.62 -2.38 = 5.24 kg water
P = 4.76 kg (Total mass).
Wastes
Example 7. 0.5 % Total solid
Feed 100 kg /hr Product

Unit Operation
10 % Total solid 30 % Total solid
Assumption: the accumulation = 0

Step 2 Total Solid Balances
Step 1 Total mass Balances
F = W+P F (0.1) = W(0.005) + P (0.3)

100 = W+P
100 kg /hr (0.1) = W(0.005) + P (0.3)
P = 100 - W
10 kg/hr = 0.005W + 0.3 P
Equation 1
P = 10 – 0.005 W
0.3 Equation 2
Step 3 Determine W rate
Equation 1 = Equation 2
100 - W = 10 – 0.005 W
0.3
(0.3)(100) – 0.3 W = 10 – 0.005 W
30 - 10 = 0.3 W – 0.005W
20 = 0.295 W
W = 20 / 0.295 = 67.8 kg /hr

Step 4 Determine P
P = 100 - W
P = 100 – 67.8
P = 32.2 kg / hr

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KESETIMBANGAN MASSA

Mass of product = Mass of water in food + Mass of dry solids

Mass of dry solid

Mass of water in food

10 kg of product = 7.5 kg water + 2.5 kg dry solids

75 % of total water 25 % of total Solids

% Dry basis = (75/25)*100 = 300%

Moisture content dry basis Moisture content wet basis

F = 10 kg of raw product Product = 2.86 kg

80 % of total water 20 % of total Solids 30 % of total water

0.8 x 10 = 8 kg water 0.2 x 10 = 2 kg solid 0.3 x 2.86 = 0.86 kg water

Mass of water of Mass of water of

F = 20 kg of raw product Product

80 % of total water 20 % of total Solids

Water = 20 kg product x 0.8 = 16 kg water

Solid = 20 kg product x 0.2 = 4 kg dry solid

0.5 A +(4 x 0.5) = A

F = 10 kg of raw product Product

% d.b. change to % w.b.

76.2 % of total water = 7.62 kg Mass

Feed 100 kg /hr Product

Assumption: the accumulation = 0

F = W+P F (0.1) = W(0.005) + P (0.3)

(0.3)(100) – 0.3 W = 10 – 0.005 W

W = 20 / 0.295 = 67.8 kg /hr

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